are article titles italicized in chicago style

• Advice for Authors
• Business of Editing
• Top 10 Lists
• Legal Editing
• Product News

You Want Italics Where? 14 Places The Chicago Manual of Style Asks for Italics

15 June, 2022

Italics are like fancy dress for words. Seeing a word in italics is like going into your local grocery store and seeing someone working there in a samurai costume. “Well,” you think, “ you’re certainly here to tell me something.”

There are quite a lot of places we want to dress up words with italics. For some of us, there are too darn many places. As The Chicago Manual of Style ( CMOS 17, 7.50) admonishes us, “Overused, italics quickly lose their force.” But if we follow a manual like CMOS , it does say that we have to use italics in quite a few places. Here’s an exhausting—but not entirely exhaustive—list of where to use (and not to use) italics.

• For emphasis. But, as CMOS 17, 7.50 admonishes, “only as an occasional adjunct to efficient sentence structure.” Some of us really like adding emphasis, but it’s a bit like laughing at your own jokes. You don’t need it if the words pack enough punch by themselves—which, generally, they should.  
• In place of underlining. But if you’re presenting transcriptions of handwritten letters, you may prefer to keep underlining as underlining—especially if there’s also double underlining, or if you want to add your own emphasis: “We wish you would come as soon as possible to retrieve your nasty little dog, which has destroyed all the rose bushes ” [italics added].  
• For titles of books, magazines, and albums (but not of short stories, songs, or poems—unless they’re book-length poems). Basically, if it’s a whole publication of its own that you can hold in your hand, it gets italics; if it’s just a part of one of those, it goes in quotes. However, if a play or novel is included in an anthology, it still gets italics. And, on the other hand, even if you’re holding in your hand the one-sided twelve-inch extended-play single of “I Was Made for Lovin’ You” by Kiss, it’s still not in italics, because it’s just one song, even if it does go on for almost eight minutes.
• Not for the periods or commas following those titles, in most instances. The following punctuation is not part of the title, after all. This is where the eagle-eyed editors really get their bragging rights. Don’t believe me? Just search “italicized period” on Twitter to find all the editors posting their wins. This principle also holds true when you’re using italics for emphasis: the punctuation is only italicized if it’s part of what’s emphasized (“Your mom is arriving tomorrow ?” “ Yup! ”).
• Not for words in those titles that would normally be in italics. Got that? Italics are like an on/off switch: if it’s already on, you have to turn it off to signify italics-within-italics, such as when a title uses a scientific name (see below about those): Winnie the Ursus arctos : A Child’s First Taxonomy Book . The exception is when a book title mentions another book’s title within it; then you use quotation marks: Fear and Loathing in Kant’s “Critique of Pure Reason”.  
• For abbreviations of those titles. The Chicago Manual of Style is, for short, CMOS , not CMOS. Enough said.  
• For words taken from other languages. The counsel of CMOS 17, 7.53, is “Use italics for isolated words and phrases from another language unless they appear in Webster’s or another standard English-language dictionary.” But, they add, “If a word from another language becomes familiar through repeated use throughout a work, it need be italicized only on its first occurrence.” And on top of this, “This rule does not extend to proper nouns, which can generally appear in roman type (except for titles of books and the like).” The trick here is the question of how familiar the word is. Because the English language has stolen so much of its vocabulary from other languages, and because italics are so very self-conscious, if there’s any question whether italics are necessary, it’s safer not to use them, as the CMOS Shop Talk blog (But, per Chicago Style, we always italicize the Latin sic , as in “He said he was totally thicc [ sic ].”)  
• For words qua words. That means when you’re talking about the word itself as a word rather than using it for its meaning. For example, “Pulchritude is beauty, but the word pulchritude is rather ugly.”  
• For the names of ships. For example, “The USS Enterprise may have seemed to go where no one has gone before. However, the Ever Given tried the route never taken: a sharp right turn into the desert. It didn’t get far.”
• For certain scientific names. This includes genes ( BRCA1 ), the first three letters of enzyme names ( Bam HI), and genus and species of living things ( Cannabis sativa spontanea )—but not higher levels such as kingdom, phylum, class, order, or family (e.g., Cannabaceae). Sometimes the common name of something is also its scientific name—we seem to do this especially to things that could kill us, like Boa constrictor , Tyrannosaurus rex , and E. coli . In such cases, check your reference dictionary: if it allows a lower-case common use, you don’t need italics for that (“Have you seen my pet boa constrictor?”); otherwise, you do (“That man is an absolute E. coli ”).
• In various ways in legal citations. This includes titles of articles and chapters, certain formal legal terms, and names of cases in running text—but not in citations. If you’re working with legal citations, you should have a copy of The Bluebook . If you’re not, count your blessings.
• For certain mathematical constants and variables. You may run into a few of these in ordinary text, such as e = mc ² , or the p value of a study’s results and the n of its subjects. But, look, mathematical text doesn’t stop at italics. It veers off into a wide variety of different type faces. If you’re editing equations, you’ll know all about that already. If you’re not, keep walking, eyes forward, whistling a happy tune.
• For stage directions. If you’re editing plays, you probably know this, but if you’re editing a book that just happens to quote from, say, Shakespeare’s Winter’s Tale , it behooves you to know that it’s to be set like this:

Well may I get aboard! This is the chase: I am gone for ever. Exit, pursued by a bear

• For rhyme schemes. CMOS singles these out for special mention. For instance, you would use abab to indicate a quatrain of alternating rhymes, like this:

Roses are prickly, Anthuriums are phallic; Chicago is stickly On matters italic.

An Easier Way to Check Italics

The list of rules and exceptions is daunting, and that’s just following one style manual. What if you then have to consider house styles and industry conventions or individual client preferences? And then there are all the situations where you shouldn’t use italics, such as terms that require italics only on first use and not using italics at the end of the sentence? Even for those with the sharpest eyes and memories, it’s hard to avoid tripping up.

Fortunately, there is technology out there that can help! PerfectIt for MS Word has a whole range of consistency checks, including italicization. Its regular checks include a list of common terms from Latin, French, and German that may or may not be italicized, depending on your style guide. It also has The Chicago Manual of Style for PerfectIt built in. Turning on this feature adds to its regular italics check with hundreds of terms from Latin, French, German, Spanish, Hebrew, Japanese, and other languages that are likely to appear in an English-language context. They also include many representative instances where italics are required.

PerfectIt can’t reasonably check everything that’s in italics; literally everything you could italicize could be the name of some work or vessel: an epic poem titled too darn many , for instance, or a sailboat named Yup! But it covers quite a lot, and it teaches you the principles and reminds you to look for other similar instances.

Are you using PerfectIt yet? If not, download the free trial . If you are, make sure you have The Chicago Manual of Style upgrade—it’s available for all PerfectIt users with a subscription to CMOS .

You Might Also Like...

• Five Grammar Myths... and What You Should Do About Them
• The 10 Dumbest Mistakes Business Writers Make
• Writing a Style Guide: What You Need to Know
• The Top 10 Hyphenation Inconsistencies

Perfect your editing with regular tips and advice by subscribing to our newsletter

Included for perfectit users with cmos online subscriptions.

• Link to facebook
• Link to linkedin
• Link to twitter
• Link to youtube
• Writing Tips

A Guide to Source Titles in Chicago Referencing

4-minute read

• 9th October 2020

If you’re using the Chicago Manual of Style , or even just the referencing styles it sets out, you’ll need to know how to write the titles of other works (e.g., books, articles, web pages). And to help you with this, we’re looking at how to write source titles in Chicago referencing .

How to Capitalize Source Titles in Chicago Style

In Chicago referencing, when you mention a source or publication in the main text of your work or in the references, it should use headline-style capitalization . Also known as title case, this involves capitalizing:

• The first word in the title and (if relevant) subtitle.
• Any nouns, verbs, pronouns, adverbs, and adjectives.
• Any conjunctions other than “and,” “but,” “for,” “or” and “nor.”

You can see examples of titles capitalized like this below:

David Olusoga is known for books such as Black and British: A Forgotten History and The Kaiser’s Holocaust: Germany’s Forgotten Genocide and the Colonial Roots of Nazism . But he has also produced several television programs, including The Unwanted: The Secret Windrush Files and A House Through Time .

The Chicago Manual of Style notes that some editors prefer to use sentence-style capitalization . As such, if you’re writing for a publisher or journal, you may want to check which style to use. Usually, though, “Chicago style” means using title case and capitalizing titles as shown above.

Italics or Quote Marks?

In the examples above, we’ve italicized all the source titles. You should do this in Chicago style for all full-length sources (i.e., sources published as standalone works), including:

• Books, periodicals (e.g., journals, newspapers), and blogs.
• Poems, plays, and pamphlets published as standalone works.
• Films, televisions shows, radio series, video games, and podcasts.
• Standalone musical works (e.g., operas, pop albums).
• Paintings, statues, and other works of art.

However, Chicago places titles of shorter works in quote marks, including:

• Articles from periodicals and chapters from books.
• Single poems or plays from a collection.
• Episodes from a television, radio, or podcast series.
• Songs and other short recordings.
• Blog posts or single pages from websites.

There are even a few cases where you should write titles with no italics or quote marks. The most notable of these exceptions are websites (e.g., Vox, Project Gutenberg), instrumental music (e.g., Bach’s Mass in B Minor) and classic works of art where the creator is unknown (e.g., the Venus de Milo).

Non-English Titles in Chicago Referencing

The rules above change slightly for works in languages other than English. The biggest difference here is that Chicago suggests writing non-English titles using sentence-style capitalization:

Find this useful?

Subscribe to our newsletter and get writing tips from our editors straight to your inbox.

Paul Ricoeur’s first published work was Gabriel Marcel et Karl Jaspers: Philosophie du mystère et philosophie du paradoxe (1947).

Here, we only capitalize the proper nouns ( Gabriel Marcel , Karl Jaspers ) and first word of the subtitle ( Philosophie ) since the title is in French.

And the rules get even more confusing when you include an English translation of a non-English title in your work! In these cases, you should:

• Use sentence case and Roman type (i.e., no italics or quote marks) for translated titles when the work has never been published in English.
• Use title case and italics (standalone works) or quote marks (shorter works) for titles if the work has been published in translation.

You can see the difference between these below:

Paul Ricoeur’s first published work was Gabriel Marcel et Karl Jaspers: Philosophie du mystère et philosophie du paradoxe (Gabriel Marcel and Karl Jaspers: Philosophy of mystery and philosophy of paradox). Arguably his last major work, meanwhile, was Vivant jusqu’à la mort (Living Up to Death , published in translation in 2009) .

Here, the first source mentioned has not been published as an English translation. As such, we show this by giving the English title in sentence case without italics. But the second work has been published in translation in English, so we give the translated title in title case and italics.

Expert Chicago Proofreading

If you’re using Chicago referencing in an essay (or the Chicago Manual of Style in general) and need to be sure your document is clear and correct, we have expert editors and proofreaders ready to help.

Upload a trial document for free today to find out more.

Share this article:

Post A New Comment

Got content that needs a quick turnaround? Let us polish your work. Explore our editorial business services.

The benefits of using an online proofreading service.

Proofreading is important to ensure your writing is clear and concise for your readers. Whether...

2-minute read

6 Online AI Presentation Maker Tools

Creating presentations can be time-consuming and frustrating. Trying to construct a visually appealing and informative...

What Is Market Research?

No matter your industry, conducting market research helps you keep up to date with shifting...

8 Press Release Distribution Services for Your Business

In a world where you need to stand out, press releases are key to being...

3-minute read

How to Get a Patent

In the United States, the US Patent and Trademarks Office issues patents. In the United...

The 5 Best Ecommerce Website Design Tools 

A visually appealing and user-friendly website is essential for success in today’s competitive ecommerce landscape....

Make sure your writing is the best it can be with our expert English proofreading and editing.

Purdue Online Writing Lab Purdue OWL® College of Liberal Arts

Chicago Manual of Style 17th Edition

Welcome to the Purdue OWL

This page is brought to you by the OWL at Purdue University. When printing this page, you must include the entire legal notice.

Copyright ©1995-2018 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue University. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our terms and conditions of fair use.

This section contains information on The Chicago Manual of Style  (CMOS) method of document formatting and citation. These resources follow the seventeenth edition of The Chicago Manual of Style (17t h e dition), which was issued in 2017.

Please note that although these resources reflect the most recent updates in the The Chicago Manual of Style  (17 th  edition) concerning documentation practices, you can review a full list of updates concerning usage, technology, professional practice, etc. at  The Chicago Manual of Style Online .

Introduction

The Chicago Manual of Style  (CMOS) covers a variety of topics from manuscript preparation and publication to grammar, usage, and documentation, and as such, it has been lovingly dubbed the “editor's bible.”

The material on this page focuses primarily on one of the two CMOS documentation styles: the Notes-Bibliography System (NB) , which is used by those working in literature, history, and the arts. The other documentation style, the Author-Date System, is nearly identical in content but slightly different in form and is preferred by those working in the social sciences.

Though the two systems both convey all of the important information about each source, they differ not only in terms of the way they direct readers to these sources, but also in terms of their formatting (e.g., the position of dates in citation entries). For examples of how these citation styles work in research papers, consult our sample papers: 

Author-Date Sample Paper

NB Sample Paper

In addition to consulting  The Chicago Manual of Style  (17th edition) for more information, students may also find it useful to consult Kate L. Turabian's  Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations  (8th edition). This manual, which presents what is commonly known as the "Turabian" citation style, follows the two CMOS patterns of documentation but offers slight modifications suited to student texts.

Notes and Bibliography (NB) in Chicago style

The Chicago Notes and Bibliography (NB) system is often used in the humanities to provide writers with a system for referencing their sources through the use of footnotes, endnotes, and through the use of a bibliography. This offers writers a flexible option for citation and provides   an outlet for commenting on those sources, if needed. Proper use of the Notes and Bibliography system builds a writer’s credibility by demonstrating their accountability to source material. In addition, it can protect writers from accusations of plagiarism, which is the intentional or accidental uncredited use of source material created by others.

Introduction to Notes

In the Notes and Bibliography system, you should include a note (endnote or footnote) each time you use a source, whether through a direct quote, paraphrase, or summary. Footnotes are added at the end of the page on which the source is referenced, while endnotes are compiled at the end of each chapter or at the end of the entire document.

In either case, a superscript number corresponding to a note, along with the bibliographic information for that source, should be placed in the text following the end of the sentence or clause in which the source is referenced.

If a work includes a bibliography, which is typically preferred, then it is not necessary to provide full publication details in notes. However, if a bibliography is not included with a work, the first note for each source should include  all  relevant information about the source: author’s full name, source title, and facts of publication. If you cite the same source again, or if a bibliography is included in the work, the note only needs to include the surname of the author, a shortened form of the title (if more than four words), and the page number(s). However, in a work that does not include a bibliography, it is recommended that the full citation be repeated when it is first used in a new chapter.

In contrast to earlier editions of CMOS, if you cite the same source two or more times consecutively, CMOS recommends using shortened citations. In a work with a bibliography, the first reference should use a shortened citation which includes the author’s name, the source title, and the page number(s), and consecutive references to the same work may omit the source title and simply include the author and page number. Although discouraged by CMOS, if you cite the same source and page number(s) from a single source two or more times consecutively, it is also possible to utilize the word “Ibid.,” ( from the Latin ibidem, which means “in the same place,”) as the corresponding note. If you use the same source but a draw from different new page, the corresponding note should use “Ibid.” followed by a comma and the new page number(s).

In the NB system, the footnote or endnote itself begins with the appropriate full-sized number, followed by a period and then a space.

Introduction to Bibliographies

In the NB system, the bibliography provides an alphabetical list of all sources used in a given work. This page, most often titled Bibliography, is usually placed at the end of the work preceding the index. It should include all sources cited within the work and may sometimes include other relevant sources that were not cited but provide further reading.

Although bibliographic entries for various sources may be formatted differently, all included sources (books, articles, websites, etc.) are arranged alphabetically by author’s last name. If no author or editor is listed, the title or, as a last resort, a descriptive phrase may be used.

Though useful, a bibliography is not required in works that provide full bibliographic information in the notes.

Common Elements

All entries in the bibliography will include the author (or editor, compiler, translator), title, and publication information.

Author Names

The author’s name is inverted in the bibliography, placing the last name first and separating the last name and first name with a comma; for example, John Smith becomes Smith, John.

Titles of books and journals are italicized. Titles of articles, chapters, poems, etc. are placed in quotation marks .

Publication Information

The year of publication is listed after the publisher or journal name .

Punctuation

In a bibliography, all major elements are separated by periods.

For more information and specific examples, see the sections on  Books  and  Periodicals .

Please note that this OWL resource provides basic information regarding the formatting of entries used in the bibliography. For more information about Selected Bibliographies, Annotated Bibliographies, and Bibliographic Essays, please consult Chapter 14.61 of  The Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition).

Home / Guides / Citation Guides / Citation Basics / Do You Italicize Article Titles?

Do You Italicize Article Titles?

No, typically you don’t italicize article titles. Instead, you may enclose article titles in double quotation marks (MLA 9: “Article Title”) or simply use regular font without quotation marks (APA 7: Article title). The exact format for article titles depends on the style guide you’re using. Different academic disciplines use different style manuals that follow differing rules. However, generally, you do italicize the larger work of which the article is a part ( Journal/Magazine/Newspaper Title ) . 

Let’s look at how MLA 9, APA 7, and Chicago styles handle title formatting for articles.

MLA 9 Style for Article Titles

Since journal, magazine, and newspaper articles are part of a larger standalone work, you use regular font (not italics) for article titles and double quotation marks in MLA 9 style.

Here is a template for a magazine article in MLA 9-style:

Author Last Name, First Name. “Title of the Article.” Magazine Title , Publication Month. Year, pp. #-# or URL.

Here is an MLA 9-style reference list entry example for a magazine article:

Parker, James. “An Ode to My Thesaurus.” The Atlantic , July-Aug. 2022, https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2022/07/an-ode-to-my-thesaurus/638453/

Notice the regular font for the magazine article and the italics for the magazine title:

• Article title: “An Ode to My Thesaurus”
• Magazine title : The Atlantic

MLA 9’s style manual uses the term containers for larger standalone works. For example, a book is a container for a chapter. Here are more container examples:

• Container –> Item in container
• Album –> Song
• Book –> Chapter
• Journal –> Article
• Television show/series –> Episode
• Newspaper or Magazine Publication –> Interview

Standalone works or containers are italicized . That includes the titles of the following:

• Journal Titles
• Magazine Titles
• Newspaper Titles
• Photo/Image/Painting
• Television series
• Webpages/Websites

Works contained within a standalone work should be enclosed in double quotation marks. In the works-cited entry, these titles are placed before the container’s, or standalone work’s, title. Titles of works that are part of larger standalone works include the following:

• Book chapters
• Interviews in a magazine
• Journal articles
• Magazine article
• Newspaper article
• Short stories
• Song on an album
• Webpage/Website articles

APA 7 Style for Article Titles

Since journal, magazine, and newspaper articles are part of a larger standalone work, you use regular font (not italics) for article titles in APA style.

Here is a template for a journal article in APA 7-style:

Author Last Name, First Initial. Middle Initial. (Publication Year). Title of the journal article: Subtitle of article. Title of the Journal, VolumeNumber (IssueNumber), Page#-#. URL.

Here is an APA 7-style reference list entry example for a journal article:

Jacoby, W. G. (1994). Public attitudes toward government spending. American Journal of Political Science, 38 (2), 336-361. https://doi.org/10.2307/2111407

Notice the regular font for the journal article and the italics for the journal title:

• Article title: Public attitudes toward government spending.
• Journal title : American Journal of Political Science

In APA 7, you italicize titles of sources that stand alone. Standalone sources are not part of another work. Standalone works that you italicize in APA include:

• Journal Titles ( not journal articles)
• Magazine Title
• Music Album ( not a song on the album)
• Newspaper Title
• Podcast ( not a podcast episode)
• Television Series
• YouTube Video

Works that are just a part of another work, like a chapter in a book, are not italicized. Sources that are part of another work and in regular font in APA include:

• Edited Book Chapters
• Journal Articles
• Magazine Articles
• Newspaper Articles
• Podcast episodes
• Songs on an album
• Television episodes

Chicago Style (17th ed. notes-bibliography format)

Since journal, magazine, and newspaper articles are part of a larger standalone work, you use regular font (not italics) and quotation marks for article titles in Chicago style.

Here is a template for a newspaper article in Chicago-style:

• Author First Name Last Name, “Newspaper Article Title,”  Newspaper Title , Publication Month Day, Year, URL.

Bibliography:

Author Last Name, First Name. “Newspaper Article Title.” Newspaper Title , Publication Month Day, Year. URL.

Here are Chicago-style note and bibliography entry examples for a newspaper article:

• Emmett Lindner, “Keeping Up With Crypto,” New York Times , June 3, 2022, https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/03/insider/keeping-up-with-crypto.html.

Lindner. Emmett. “Keeping Up With Crypto.” New York Times , June 3, 2022. https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/03/insider/keeping-up-with-crypto.html.

Notice the regular font for the newspaper article and the italics for the newspaper title:

• Article title: “Keeping Up With Crypto”
• Newspaper title : New York Times

In Chicago style, you italicize titles of sources that stand alone. Standalone sources are not part of another work. Standalone works that you italicize in Chicago include:

Works that are just a part of another work, like a chapter in a book, are not italicized. Sources that are part of another work and in regular font in Chicago style include:

Citation Guides

• Annotated Bibliography
• Block Quotes
• Citation Examples
• et al Usage
• In-text Citations
• Page Numbers
• Reference Page
• Sample Paper
• APA 7 Updates
• View APA Guide
• Bibliography
• Works Cited
• MLA 8 Updates
• View MLA Guide

How useful was this post?

Click on a star to rate it!

We are sorry that this post was not useful for you!

Let us improve this post!

Tell us how we can improve this post?

The article title does not appear in in-text citations. It appears only in the corresponding works-cited-list entry. To cite the article title in MLA style in your works cited list, you need to follow the format given in the below template. An example of an article written by a single author is given for your understanding.

Works cited list template and example

The title of the article is in plain text and title case; it is placed inside quotation marks. Follow the punctuation and formatting as given in the example.

Surname, First Name. “Title of the Article.” Journal Title , volume #, issue #, publication date, page range.

Etchells, Tim. “On the Skids: Some Years of Acting Animals.” Performance Research , vol. 5, no. 2, 2000, pp. 55–60.

The article title of a journal, newspaper, or magazine is never italicized in either APA or MLA style. In APA style, the article title is given in plain text and sentence case. In MLA style, the article title is written in title case and given in quotation marks.

Citation Basics

Harvard Referencing

Plagiarism Basics

Plagiarism Checker

Upload a paper to check for plagiarism against billions of sources and get advanced writing suggestions for clarity and style.

Get Started

Chicago/Turabian Format Style Guide: Journal Articles

• Citation Practices
• Journal Articles
• Magazine Articles
• Newspaper Articles
• Websites, Blogs, and Social Media
• Interviews and Personal Communications
• Papers, Lectures, and Manuscript Collections
• Reference Works and Secondary Citations
• Older Works and Sacred Works
• Sources in the Visual and Performing Arts
• Public Documents

Notes-Bibliography Style

Journal articles are different from magazines in that they are scholarly and professional publications.  They are intended primarily for academic readership.

Many journal articles are available online through a library database.  To cite an online article, include the URL.  If the DOI is listed, include that in your entry.  If you consulted a commercial database, give the name of the database in place of the URL.

Entries may include: author, article title, journal title, issue information, and page numbers.  You may need to include information about an article such as if it was published in a special issue or supplement, or if it was an abstract.

Include author names exactly as they appear in the head of the article.  Names in notes are listed in standard order (first name first); in bibliographies, names are listed in inverted order (last name first).

Article Title

List complete titles and subtitles in quotation marks.  Terms normally italicized in text, such as species name and book titles, remain italicized. Terms quoted in the title are enclosed in single quotation marks.  Do not add a colon or a period after a title or subtitle that ends in a question mark or an exclamation point.  If the title would normally be followed by a comma, like in a shortened note, include both marks.

Titles in languages other than English should be capitalized sentence style according to the conventions of that language.  If you add a translation, enclose it in brackets, without quotation marks.

1. Quentin Taylor, "The Mask of Publius: Alexander Hamilton and the Politics of Expediency," American Political Thought 5, no. 1 (Winter 2016): 63, https://doi.org/10.1086/684559.

2. Lisa A. Twomey, "Taboo or Tolerable? Hemingway's For Whom the Bell Tolls in Post-war Spain," Hemingway Review 30, no. 2 (Spring 2011): 55.

3. Twomey, "Taboo or Tolerable?," 56.

4. Antonio Carreno-Rodriguez, "Modernidad en la literature gauchesca: Carnavalizacion y parodia en el Fausto de Estanislao del Campo," Hispania 92, no. 1 (March 2009): 13-14, https://www.jsotr.org/stable/40648253.

Bibliography :

Taylor, Quentin. "The Mask of Publius: Alexander Hamilton and the Politics of Expediency."  American Political Thought 5, no. 1 (Winter 2016): 55-79, https://doi.org/10.1086/684559.

Lewis, Judith. "'Tis a Misfortune to Be a Great Ladie': Maternal Mortality in the British Aristocracy, 1558-1959." Journal of British Studies 37, no. 1 (January 1998): 26-53. https://www.jstor.org/stable/176034.

Kern, W. "Waar verzamelde Pigafetta zijn Maleise woorden?" [Where did Pigafetta collect his Malaysian words?]. Tijdschrift voor Indische taal-, land-en volkenkunde 78 (1938): 271-73.

Journal Title

After the item title, include the journal title in italics, with headline style capitalization (important words capitalized). Give the title exactly as it appears on the title page or journal website.  Do not use abbreviations, although you can remove the initial 'the.'  If the official title is an initialism, such as PMLA , do not expand it.

Issue Information

Most journal citations include volume number, issue number, month or season, and year.  

Volume and issue numbers

The volume number follows the journal title without intervening punctuation and is not italicized. Use arabic numbers even if the source uses roman numerals.  Issue number follows volume number, separated by a comma and preceded by  ' no.'.

1. Campbell Brown, "Consequentialize This," Ethics 121, no. 4 (July 2011): 752, https://doi.org/10.1086.660696.

Jonescu, Felicia. "Risky Human Capital and Alternative Bankruptcy Regimes for Student Loans." Journal of Human Capital 5, no. 2 (Summer 2011): 153-206. https://doi.org/10.1086.661744.

Beattie, J.M. "The Pattern of Crime in England, 1660-1800." Past and Present , no. 62 (February 1974): 47-95.

Date of Publication

The date of publication appears in parentheses after the volume and issue.  It must include the year, and may include season, month, or an exact day.  Capitalize seasons in the citation.  If an article has been accepted but not yet published, use 'forthcoming' in place of the date and page numbers.

1. Marjorie Garber, "Over the Influence," Critical Inquiry 42, no. 4 (Summer 2016): 735, https://doi.org/10.1086/686960.

Bibliography : Bartfield, Judi, and Myoung Kim. "Participation in the School Breakfast Program: New Evidence from the ECLS-K." Social Sciences Review 84, no. 4 (December 2010): 541-62. https://doi.org/10.1086/657109.

Page Numbers

If you cite a particular passage in a note, only give the specific page numbers for that section. In the bibliography, give the full span of the pages for the article.  Page numbers follow colons, not commas.

1. Tim Hitchcock, "Begging on the Streets of Eighteenth-Century London," Journal of British Studies 44, no. 3 (July 2005): 478, https://doi.org/10.1086/429704.

Bibliography : Wang, ShiPu. "We Are Scottsboro Boys: Hideo Noda's Visual Rhetoric of Transracial Solidarity." American Art 30, no. 1 (Spring 2016): 16-20. https://doi.org/10.1086/686545.

Special Issues and Supplements

A journal issue devoted to a single theme is known as a special issue.  It carries a normal volume and issue number.  If a special issue has a title and editor of its own, include that in the citation.  If you need to cite a special issue as a whole, omit the article information.

1. Rajeswari Sunder Raja, "Zeitgeist and the Literary Text: India, 1947, in Qurratulain Hyder's My Temples, Too and Salman Rushdie's Midnight's Children ," in "Around 1948: Interdisciplinary Approaches to Global Transformation," ed. Leela Ghandi and Deborah L. Nelson, special issue, Critical Inquiry 40, no. 4 (Summer 2014): 440-41, https://doi.org/10.1086/676415.

Sunder Raja, Rajeswari. "Zeitgeist and the Literary Text: India, 1947, in Qurratulain Hyder's My Temples, Too and Salman Rushdie's Midnight's Children ." In "Around 1948: Interdisciplinary Approaches to Global Transformation," ed. Leela Ghandi and Deborah L. Nelson. Special Issue,  Critical Inquiry 40, no. 4 (Summer 2014): 439-65, https://doi.org/10.1086/676415.

Ghandi, Leela, and Deborah L. Nelson, eds. "Around 1948: Interdisciplinary Approaches to Global Transformation." Special Issue,  Critical Inquiry 40, no. 4 (Summer 2014).

A journal supplement may also have a title and an author or editor of its own.  It is numbered separately from the regular issues of the journal, often with an 'S' as part of its page numbers.

2. Ivar Ekeland, James J. Heckman, and Lars Nesheim, "Identification and Esimation of Hedonic Models," in "Papers in Honor of Sherwin Rosen," Journal of Political Economy 112, S1 (February 2004): S72, https://doi.org/10.1086/3788947.

Bibliography :  

Ekeland, Ivar, James J. Heckman, and Lars Nesheim. "Identification and Esimation of Hedonic Models." In "Papers in Honor of Sherwin Rosen," Journal of Political Economy 112, S1 (February 2004): S60-S109. https://doi.org/10.1086/3788947.

Cite information from abstracts in a note.  Include the full citation for the article, but insert the word 'abstract' into the citation following the title.

1. Campbell Brown, "Consequentialize This," abstract, Ethics 121, no. 4 (July 2011): 749.

• << Previous: Books
• Next: Magazine Articles >>
• Last Updated: Sep 25, 2023 12:48 PM
• URL: https://libguides.valleyforge.edu/c.php?g=1040662

Chicago Style

• What's in the Guide
• How to Use Chicago Style
• Web & Social Media
• Other Source Types
• Books (Author/Date)
• Articles (Author/Date)
• Web & Social Media (Author/Date)
• Other Source Types (Author/Date)
• Other Resources
• Books at Milner
• Manage Sources / Create References
• Why Cite Overview
• Looking for APA, MLA, etc.?

Guidelines for Chicago Style

We use citations and reference lists to guide the reader/viewer/audience to the sources used to create our paper, video, presentation, etc. It is common for individuals who want to learn more about a topic to use the sources in a reference list. Citing is a recognition of other people's work.

Chicago Style has two different formats Notes & Bibliography and Author/Date for in-text citing and the bibliography. Each use a slightly different format.

Notes & Bibliography

This style uses notes (footnotes or endnotes) together with a bibliography. Notes provide an author the option to add additional information or comments about a cited source.

• Are listed numerically (1, 2, 3, etc.) at the bottom of a page (footnote) or the end of a document (endnote)
• Endnotes appear before the bibliography
• Lists elements in order of the author, title, and publication information
• Elements are separated by commas with the publication information enclosed in parentheses
• Titles use title case (main words are capitalized) and italics are used for the larger work (e.g. book, journal)
• Include specific page numbers only in the notes and only when using a direct quote or referencing a specific section of the work
• Use a first line indent of .5"
• Appears at the end of the document (after endnotes if those are used)
• Lists elements in order of the author, title, and facts of publication
• Elements are separated by periods instead of commas
• Does not use parentheses for publication information
• The author’s name is inverted (last name first).
• For article and chapter titles use title case (main words are capitalized)
• For  book, journal, etc. titles use italics
• Use a hanging indent of .5"
• Chicago style requires abbreviations of specific words such as editor, edition, etc. Consult Chapter 10 of the style manual for the full list.
• Margins: 1" on all four edges of the page
• Double-spacing throughout the paper
• Single spacing for block quotations, table titles, and figure captions
• Single spacing internally but double space before and after for table of contents, lists of figures, tables, and abbreviations, footnotes or endnotes, and bibliography (reference list)
• Paragraphs use first line indent of .5"
• Page numbers appear on every page except the first page and are either centered in the header or footer or flush right in the header
• Chicago 17th edition Quick Guide (Notes-Bibliography)

Author/Date

The author-date system is similar to APA or MLA in that in-text citations are used instead of footnotes or endnotes.

• Used primarily in the physical, natural, and social sciences
• In-text citations are parenthetical using the author’s last name and publication date
• Appears at the end of the document
• Labeled either as References or Works Cited
• Is formatted with hanging indents
• A reference entry lists elements in order by the author, title, and facts of publication and are separated by periods;
• The first author’s name is inverted (last name first)
• Use page numbers when using a direct quote or referencing a specific section of the work.
• Single spacing internally but double space before and after for table of contents, lists of figures, tables, and abbreviations, and bibliography (reference list)
• Chicago 17th edition Quick Guide (Author-Date)
• Chicago Manual of Style Online Searchable resource for answering your questions about the Chicago Manual of Style and includes the text's table of contents, a citation quick guide, manuscript preparation, the Chicago Style Q&A, the Shop Talk Blog, and several video tutorials.
• << Previous: What's in the Guide
• Next: Examples: Notes & Bibliography >>
• Last Updated: Sep 29, 2023 12:42 PM
• URL: https://guides.library.illinoisstate.edu/chicago

Additional Links

• Directions and Parking
• Accessibility Services
• Library Spaces
• Staff Directory

Developmental Writing: Chicago Manual of Style

• Worldcat Discovery
• Need a topic?
• APA Writing Style
• Chicago Manual of Style
• MLA Citations

In writing your research paper, you will usually use the ideas of previous authors.  In order to use and build on those ideas in your paper, you must  cite  where information comes from.

There are three main reasons why you need to cite:

1. Prevent plagiarism 

2. Allows anyone who reads your paper enough information to find the source you used

3. Give credit to the author

Article from a research database (Journal article)

From Hacker Guide :

When citing an electronic article retrieved from a database in the Chicago Style, remember to put the article title in italics and capitalize the appropriate words (NOT capitalizing the, and, or, of, etc. unless it is the first word of the title as in the above example).  The title of the journal is also capitalized and italicized.  Include the home link to the database from which you found/retrieved the article.  

When citing a print book in Chicago Style, remember to italicize the title and capitalize words other than articles (such as a, the, of, etc.) unless the first word of the title or first word after the colon, as in the example above.

When citing a website in the Chicago Style, include an author if the site has one (which could be an organization) along with as much of the above information as possible to find.  Try to locate and include the date the website's information was published or a "last date modified" (which reflects the most recent changes).  If you cannot find either of these dates, give the date you accessed the website ("accessed March 4, 2012).  Do not italicize the website title unless the website is an online book or periodical.  If you are citing sections or pages of a website, put their titles in quotation marks. 

• << Previous: APA Writing Style
• Next: MLA Citations >>
• Last Updated: Nov 10, 2023 1:51 PM
• URL: https://libguides.tamut.edu/dev_writing

Do You Italicize Article Titles? (Ultimate Citation Guide)

Do you italicize article titles? Put them in quotes? Underline them? If you’ve ever struggled with how to format titles, this blog post is for you.

Do you italicize article titles?

No, you do not italicize article titles. You place article titles in double quotation marks. This formatting rule applies to article titles in MLA, APA, Chicago Style, scholarly journals, magazines, newspapers, online, and most reference sections.

In this article, we’ll look at 11 specific scenarios so that we cover all the bases and answer all of your questions (Hint: only one scenario has an exception).

Do You Italicize Article Titles: Summary of Answers

I thought you might appreciate a summary table right here at the beginning.

I wanted to keep the table super simple so I only included two categories—type of content and whether or not you italicize it.

Check it out below:

Table of Contents

You might consider bookmarking this article in your favorite internet browser so that you can come back to this information anytime you want for a quick refresher.

Do Article Titles Get Italicized? (The One Exception)

You do not italicize article titles. You almost always place double quotation marks around article titles.

The only time you detour from quotation marks is when you write titles in an APA-style reference list. In that case, you write the title without any special formatting (italics, quotation marks, or underlining).

That’s the simple, direct answer.

Here are two simple examples of a properly formatted article title:

Wrong: Is Superman a Pisces

Right: “Is Superman a Pisces?”

Now, let’s look at other specific questions you might ask yourself when writing.

Do You Italicize Article Titles in MLA?

No, you do not italicize the titles of articles in MLA. You place the article title in quotes.

Here are two examples:

Wrong: 5 Signs He’s Too Tall For You

Right: “5 Signs He’s Too Tall For You”

Here’s an example of a complete MLA citation from a real article:

Kokoski, Christopher. “How To Become a Fortune Cookie Writer.” Christopher Kokoski, 16 Apr. 2021, www.writingbeginner.com/how-to-become-a-fortune-cookie-writer.

MLA , by the way, stands for Modern Language Association. The MLA Handbook is basically a stylebook for how to write information, format documents, and cite sources.

Do You Italicize Article Titles in APA?

You do not italicize article titles in APA. You place double quotation marks around the titles of articles.

Wrong: Will Ferrell Loves Baby Jesus

Right: “Will Ferrell Loves Baby Jesus”

APA stands for the American Psychological Association . APA is another style of writing, formatting, and citing information.

Do You Italicize Article Titles in APA References?

No, you do not italicize article titles in APA references or citation lists. You also don’t need to underline the title or put the title in quotes. You simply write the article title without any special formatting.

I understand the confusion when it comes to referencing sources in a list of citations at the end of a paper or article. The rule on titles is still “No, don’t italicize article titles,” but that doesn’t tell you WHAT to do.

The answer is that you don’t need to do anything at all. You simply list the title. Note that this is the ONLY exception to the answer in the answer box image at the beginning of this post.

Still, you don’t italicize the article title.

Wrong: Kokoski, C. (2021, April 16). How To Become a Fortune Cookie Writer . Christopher Kokoski. https://www.writingbeginner.com/how-to-become-a-fortune-cookie-writer/

Right: Kokoski, C. (2021, April 16). How To Become a Fortune Cookie Writer . Christopher Kokoski. https://www.writingbeginner.com/how-to-become-a-fortune-cookie-writer/

Keep in mind that style handbooks, like APA, tend to change over time. It’s a good idea to always check with the latest version of the APA style guide.

Do Journal Article Titles Get Italicized?

You do not italicize journal articles. You place double quotation marks around the title of journal articles in MLA and do not format the title of the journal articles at all in APA.

The confusion with scholarly journals is that you italicize the name of the journal, but you place quotes around the title of the articles in the journal. There is also a difference between the rules for MLA and APA-style reference lists.

However, in all cases, you do not italicize the title of journal articles.

Here are examples from MLA:

Wrong: Shamblen, Stephen & Kokoski, Christopher & Collins, David & Strader, Ted & Mckiernan, Patrick. (2017). Implementing Creating Lasting Family Connections with reentry fathers: A partial replication during a period of policy change . Journal of Offender Rehabilitation. 56. 1-13. 10.1080/10509674.2017.1327917.

Right: Shamblen, Stephen & Kokoski, Christopher & Collins, David & Strader, Ted & Mckiernan, Patrick. (2017). “Implementing Creating Lasting Family Connections with reentry fathers: A partial replication during a period of policy change.” Journal of Offender Rehabilitation. 56. 1-13. 10.1080/10509674.2017.1327917.

Do You Italicize Article Titles in Chicago Style?

What about Chicago Style? This is a good question since some of the “rules” are different between the style guides. However, the rule for italicizing article titles is the same.

You do not italicize article titles in Chicago Style. You place the title of the article in quotation marks.

Here are a few examples of Chicago Style :

Wrong: His article, Writing Love Squares: 13 Things You Need To Know , made some fascinating points!

Right: His article, “Writing Love Squares: 13 Things You Need To Know,” made some fascinating points!

Do Newspaper Article Titles Get Italicized?

You do not italicize the title of articles in newspapers. You place the title in double quotation marks. However, you do italicize the name of the newspaper.

Here are examples:

Wrong: Her article, Salvation by Dessert , appeared in The New York Times .

Right: Her article, “Salvation by Dessert,” appeared in The New York Times .

Note that, in these examples, the title of the specific article is in quotes but the title of the newspaper is italicized.

Should Any Article Titles Be Italicized?

You never italicize any entire article titles. You might, however, italicize unfamiliar foreign words or the titles of books you mention within an article title. But you do not italicize the entire article title under any circumstance.

I know this is somewhat of a repeat of the first question in the article, but sometimes I find it helpful to ask (and answer) the silly questions that summarize the information in a blog post.

Hopefully, this slight repeat helps you as it might help others.

For the sake of clarity, here are more examples of how to format article titles:

Wrong: The Problem With Smurfette

Right: “The Problem With Smurfette”

Since we’re about to look at a few rare scenarios you might face, here is a short video from Khan Academy to really nail down how to use quotation marks in titles:

Do You Italicize Foreign Words in Article Titles?

What about foreign words within the title of your article?

The Chicago Manual of Style says:

Italicize individual foreign words or short phrases that readers might not understand. Therefore, you should italicize only the unfamiliar foreign word or phrase within the title. Place quotation marks around the complete title of the article.

How do you know if a foreign word will confuse readers?

You check the English dictionary. If a foreign word or short phrase appears in the English dictionary, you probably don’t need to italicize it. If the word or phrase doesn’t appear in the English dictionary, then you can safely italicize it.

Just remember to place double quotation marks around the entire article title.

Wrong: The Best Teachers Embrace Juegos in the Classroom

Right: “The Best Teachers Embrace Juegos in the Classroom”

Do You Italicize the Title of Books in Your Article Title?

This is another very special circumstance.

You do not italicize article titles. If you name a book in the title of your article, you italicize only the name of the book. The entire article title is placed in quotation marks.

Here is an example:

Wrong: How Wicker Hollow Changed the Way I View Thriller Fiction

Right: “How Wicker Hollow Changed the Way I View Thriller Fiction”

Note: Wicker Hollow is the title of a book (in this case, it’s a book I wrote).

Do You Italicize the Title of Other Articles in Your Article Title?

This is a somewhat confusing question to ask, but I’ll try to clarify.

Sometimes you include the title of another article inside your article title. For example, imagine that you want to write an article about another, separate article.

When you reference another article in your article title, you italicize only the other, referenced article. However, the overall title of your article is not italicized. Rather, you place your article title in quotes.

Let’s look at a concrete example. Perhaps you read an article titled, “Fan Fiction 101,” and want to write about it. You decide to write your own article that references, “Fan Fiction 101”.

Here is the wrong and right way to format your article title:

Wrong: “My Take on the ‘Fan Fiction 101’ Viral Trend”

Right: “My Take on the Fan Fiction 101 Viral Trend”

Automatic Citation Generator

By the way, even though we already answered the question “Do you italicize article titles?”, I thought you might like a quick shortcut I use for citing sources.

My favorite automatic citation generator is made by Scribbr . It’s not perfect, but it usually works like a charm when I need a quick, accurate citation.

Best of all, it is free and generates:

• MLA citations
• APA citations
• Chicago Style citations

Final Thoughts: Do You Italicize Article Titles?

Thank you for reading this article. I hope you found all the answers you wanted (and then some).

If you enjoyed this post, you might also like these other articles:

• Why Do Writers Hate Adverbs (The Final Answer)
• Is Social Media Good or Bad For Writers? (The Final Answer)
• My Most Recommended Tools for Writers

1 thought on “Do You Italicize Article Titles? (Ultimate Citation Guide)”

Pingback: Does Scrivener Check Grammar? (Fully Explained for Beginners) -

Comments are closed.

•   [email protected]
• Shapiro Library
• SNHU Library Frequently Asked Questions

FAQ: When should I italicize the title of a source in citations?

• 7 Academic Integrity & Plagiarism
• 60 Academic Support, Writing Help, & Presentation Help
• 27 Access/Remote Access
• 7 Accessibility
• 9 Building/Facilities
• 7 Career/Job Information
• 26 Catalog/Print Books
• 26 Circulation
• 128 Citing Sources
• 14 Copyright
• 310 Databases
• 24 Directions/Location
• 18 Faculty Resources/Needs
• 7 Hours/Contacts
• 2 Innovation Lab & Makerspace/3D Printing
• 25 Interlibrary Loan
• 43 IT/Computer/Printing Support
• 3 Library Instruction
• 37 Library Technology Help
• 6 Multimedia
• 17 Online Programs
• 19 Periodicals
• 25 Policies
• 8 RefWorks/Citation Managers
• 4 Research Guides (LibGuides)
• 217 Research Help
• 23 University Services

Last Updated: Jun 27, 2023 Views: 110715

In APA Style 7th edition, the source is italicized:

• The journal/magazine/newspaper titles are italicized.
• Article titles are not italicized.
• Book titles are italicized. 
• Chapter titles are not italicized.
• The title of the artwork is italicized.
• The title of the webpage is italicized.

For more information, see the APA Style's Reference Examples This link opens in a new window .

Longer works like books, journals, etc. should be italicized and shorter works like poems, articles, etc. should be put in quotations. For example, a book title would be placed in italics but an article title would be placed in quotation marks.

Chicago Style

The titles of major works like books, journals, etc. should be italicized (this also includes legal cases and some other special names) and subsections of larger works like book chapters, articles, etc. should be put in quotations. For example, the title of a legal case would be placed in italics but a book chapter would be placed in quotation marks.

More Information

• MLA Guide  (Shapiro Library) 
• APA Guide  (Shapiro Library)
• Chicago Style Guide  (Shapiro Library)

Further Help

This information is intended to be a guideline, not expert advice. Please be sure to speak to your professor about the appropriate use of italics and quotation marks in your class assignments and projects.

Campus Students

To access academic support, visit your Brightspace course and select “Tutoring and Mentoring” from the Academic Support pulldown menu.

Online Students

To access help with citation and more, visit Academic Support via modules in Brightspace:

• The Complete Guide to Using Academic Support via Brightspace This link opens in a new window
• Accessing Writing STEM Help This link opens in a new window
• Share on Facebook

Was this helpful? Yes 83 No 90

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) are a self-serve option for users to search and find answers to their questions. 

Use the search box above to type your question to search for an answer or browse existing FAQs by group, topic, etc.

Tell Me More

Link to Question Form

More assistance.

Submit a Question

Related FAQs

Generate accurate Chicago citations for free

• Knowledge Base
• Chicago Style
• Citing a Newspaper Article in Chicago Style | Format & Examples

Citing a Newspaper Article in Chicago Style | Format & Examples

Published on May 10, 2021 by Jack Caulfield . Revised on December 5, 2022.

Chicago Reference Generator

In Chicago notes and bibliography style , it’s recommended to just cite newspaper articles in footnotes and omit them from the bibliography. Only list an article in the bibliography if it’s essential to your argument, if you cite it frequently, or if your university requires you to.

No page numbers are used in notes or bibliography entries for newspaper articles. Add a URL if you consulted the article online. Make sure to pay attention to the punctuation (e.g., commas and quotation marks ) in your notes and citations.

In author-date style , you should always include any newspaper articles you cite in your reference list.

Instantly correct all language mistakes in your text

Upload your document to correct all your mistakes in minutes

Table of contents

Newspaper names and editions, citing a magazine article, citing articles in author-date style, frequently asked questions about chicago style citations.

When writing the name of a newspaper, use italics and omit any initial “The”:

• The New York Times
• New York Times

When a newspaper shares a name with other publications and could be confused with them, add the name of the city (or country, for a foreign national newspaper) where it is published. This appears in parentheses , in plain text, after the newspaper name.

• Gazette (Montreal)
• Times  (UK)

Different editions of a newspaper may exist (e.g. “early edition,” “final edition,” “Midwest edition”); they can be listed where relevant:

Lehmann-Haupt, Christopher. “Robert Giroux, Editor, Publisher and Nurturer of Literary Giants, Is Dead at 94.” New York Times , September 6, 2008, New York edition.

Prevent plagiarism. Run a free check.

Magazine articles are cited in a very similar format to newspaper articles, but with a couple of key differences.

First, magazine articles must  appear in the bibliography.

Second, page numbers (when available) may be used in footnote citations of magazines. However, do not include a page range in the bibliography entry, since magazine articles are often interrupted by other material (e.g., advertisements).

In author-date style , your in-text citations consist of the author’s last name and the year of publication. A page number may be included for a magazine article.

In the corresponding reference list entry, the year appears twice: straight after the author’s name, and then again as part of the full date towards the end.

Author-date newspaper citation examples

• Online newspaper article
• Print article (specific edition)
• Magazine article

In Chicago notes and bibliography style , the usual standard is to use a full note for the first citation of each source, and short notes for any subsequent citations of the same source.

However, your institution’s guidelines may differ from the standard rule. In some fields, you’re required to use a full note every time, whereas in some other fields you can use short notes every time, as long as all sources are listed in your bibliography . If you’re not sure, check with your instructor.

In a Chicago style footnote , list up to three authors. If there are more than three, name only the first author, followed by “ et al. “

In the bibliography , list up to 10 authors. If there are more than 10, list the first seven followed by “et al.”

The same rules apply in Chicago author-date style .

To automatically generate accurate Chicago references, you can use Scribbr’s free Chicago reference generator .

In a Chicago footnote citation , when the author of a source is unknown (as is often the case with websites ), start the citation with the title in a full note. In short notes and bibliography entries, list the organization that published it as the author.

In Chicago author-date style , treat the organization as author in your in-text citations and reference list.

When an online source does not list a publication date, replace it with an access date in your Chicago footnotes and your bibliography :

If you are using author-date in-text citations , or if the source was not accessed online, replace the date with “n.d.”

Cite this Scribbr article

If you want to cite this source, you can copy and paste the citation or click the “Cite this Scribbr article” button to automatically add the citation to our free Citation Generator.

Caulfield, J. (2022, December 05). Citing a Newspaper Article in Chicago Style | Format & Examples. Scribbr. Retrieved April 2, 2024, from https://www.scribbr.com/chicago-style/newspapers-magazines/

Is this article helpful?

Jack Caulfield

Other students also liked, citing a journal article in chicago style | format & examples, how to cite a website in chicago style | formats & examples, creating a chicago style bibliography | format & examples, "i thought ai proofreading was useless but..".

I've been using Scribbr for years now and I know it's a service that won't disappoint. It does a good job spotting mistakes”

• UTEP Library
• UTEP Library Research Guides

Chicago Citation Style

• Titles & Publishers
• Journal Article Elements
• Personal Names, Multiple Authors, Corporate Names
• Bibliography Examples
• Citing a Web Site
• Footnotes & Text Citations
• University Writing Center This link opens in a new window
• Include the full title and sub-title of a book, journal, film, or other material.
• Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.
• Monotremes and Marsupials: The Other Mammals.
• The Phantom of the Opera .
• A Year of Living Dangerously .
• Use italics for titles of books, journals, films, maps, databases.
• "Perceptual Study of Soundscapes in Train Stations." Applied Acoustics
• "Fitzgerald, Ella." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music .
• New York: Praeger, 1987.
• Bristol, England: White & Smith, 1997.
• If there is more than one place of publication, give only the first one.
• Praeger Publishers -- use: Praeger.
• Springfield, Mo.:
• Rome, Italy:
• << Previous: Personal Names, Multiple Authors, Corporate Names
• Next: Bibliography Examples >>
• Last Updated: Aug 14, 2023 9:58 AM
• URL: https://libguides.utep.edu/chicago

• Sign Up for a Free Trial
• Buy an Online Subscription
• Buy the Book
• Table of Contents
• List of Figures
• List of Tables
• Search The Chicago Manual of Style Online
• Go to ¶
• Go to 17th Ed.
• 17th edition

11: Foreign Languages

• 11.1 Scope and organization
• 11.2 Unicode
• Titles and Other Proper Names
• 11.3 Capitalization of foreign titles
• 11.4 Punctuation of foreign titles
• 11.5 Italic versus roman type
• 11.6 Foreign titles with English translation
• 11.7 Translated titles
• 11.8 Foreign institutions
• Languages Using the Latin Alphabet
• 11.9 Capitalization—English versus other languages
• 11.10 Punctuation—original language versus English context
• 11.11 Word division
• 11.12 Special characters
• 11.13 International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)
• African Languages
• 11.14 African capitalization and punctuation
• 11.15 African special characters
• 11.16 Albanian capitalization
• 11.17 Albanian special characters
• Croatian and Bosnian
• 11.18 Croatian and Bosnian capitalization
• 11.19 Croatian and Bosnian special characters
• 11.20 Czech capitalization
• 11.21 Czech special characters
• 11.22 Danish capitalization
• 11.23 Danish special characters
• 11.24 Dutch capitalization
• 11.25 Dutch special characters
• 11.26 Finnish capitalization
• 11.27 Finnish special characters
• 11.28 French—additional resources
• 11.29 French capitalization
• 11.30 Titles of French works
• 11.31 Spacing with French punctuation
• 11.32 French use of guillemets
• 11.33 Quotation marks in French
• 11.34 French dialogue
• 11.35 French suspension points and ellipses
• 11.36 French word division—vowels
• 11.37 French word division—consonants
• 11.38 French words containing apostrophes
• 11.39 French words best left undivided
• 11.40 French special characters
• 11.41 The new German orthography
• 11.42 German capitalization
• 11.43 German apostrophes
• 11.44 German quotation marks
• 11.45 German word division—vowels
• 11.46 German word division—consonants
• 11.47 German word division—compounds
• 11.48 German special characters
• 11.49 Hungarian capitalization
• 11.50 Hungarian special characters
• 11.51 Italian capitalization
• 11.52 Italian quotations and dialogue
• 11.53 Italian apostrophes
• 11.54 Italian suspension points and ellipses
• 11.55 Italian word division—vowels
• 11.56 Italian word division—consonants
• 11.57 Italian word division—words containing apostrophes
• 11.58 Italian special characters
• 11.59 Latin capitalization—titles of works
• 11.60 Latin word division—syllables
• 11.61 Latin word division—single consonants
• 11.62 Latin word division—multiple consonants
• 11.63 Latin word division—compounds
• 11.64 Latin special characters
• 11.65 Norwegian capitalization
• 11.66 Norwegian special characters
• 11.67 Polish capitalization
• 11.68 Polish word division
• 11.69 Polish special characters
• 11.70 Portuguese capitalization
• 11.71 Portuguese special characters
• Romanian and Moldavian
• 11.72 Romanian and Moldavian capitalization
• 11.73 Romanian and Moldavian special characters
• Serbian and Montenegrin
• 11.74 Serbian and Montenegrin capitalization
• 11.75 Serbian and Montenegrin special characters
• 11.76 Spanish—additional resources
• 11.77 Spanish capitalization
• 11.78 Spanish question marks and exclamation points
• 11.79 Spanish guillemets and quotation marks
• 11.80 Spanish dialogue
• 11.81 Spanish suspension points and ellipses
• 11.82 Spanish word division—vowels
• 11.83 Spanish word division—consonants
• 11.84 Dividing Spanish compounds
• 11.85 Spanish special characters
• 11.86 Swedish capitalization
• 11.87 Swedish special characters
• Turkish and Azeri
• 11.88 Turkish spelling
• 11.89 Turkish and Azeri capitalization
• 11.90 Turkish and Azeri special characters
• Languages Usually Transliterated (or Romanized)
• 11.91 Transliteration
• 11.92 Character sets for non-Latin alphabets
• 11.93 Proofreading copy in non-Latin alphabets—a warning
• 11.94 Diacritics—specialized versus general contexts
• 11.95 Italics versus roman for transliterated terms
• 11.96 Arabic transliteration
• 11.97 The hamza and the ʿayn
• 11.98 Arabic spelling
• 11.99 The Arabic definite article
• 11.100 Arabic capitalization
• 11.101 Arabic word division
• Chinese and Japanese
• 11.102 Chinese romanization
• 11.103 Exceptions to Pinyin
• 11.104 Apostrophes, hyphens, and tone marks in Chinese romanization
• 11.105 Some common Chinese names
• 11.106 Japanese romanization
• 11.107 Modified Hepburn system
• 11.108 Chinese and Japanese—capitalization and italics
• 11.109 Titles of Japanese and Chinese works
• 11.110 Inclusion of Chinese and Japanese characters
• 11.111 Hebrew transliteration systems
• 11.112 Diacritics in transliterated Hebrew
• 11.113 Hebrew prefixes
• 11.114 Hebrew capitalization and italics
• 11.115 Hebrew word division
• 11.116 Unromanized Hebrew phrases
• 11.117 A note on Hebrew vowels
• 11.118 Russian transliteration
• 11.119 Russian capitalization
• 11.120 Titles of Russian works
• 11.121 Russian quotations and dialogue
• 11.122 Russian suspension points
• 11.123 Russian uses of the dash
• 11.124 Russian word division—general
• 11.125 Combinations not to be divided in Cyrillic transliteration
• 11.126 Division between Russian consonants
• 11.127 Division of Russian words after prefixes or between parts
• 11.128 Division of Russian words after vowel or diphthong
• South Asian Languages
• 11.129 South Asian special characters
• Classical Greek
• 11.130 Transliterating Greek
• 11.131 Typesetting Greek
• Breathings and Accents
• 11.132 Greek breathing marks
• 11.133 Greek accent marks
• 11.134 Unaccented Greek words
• 11.135 Greek vowels
• Punctuation and Numbers
• 11.136 Greek punctuation
• 11.137 Greek numbers
• Word Division
• 11.138 Greek word division—consecutive vowels
• 11.139 Greek word division—single consonants
• 11.140 Greek word division—two or more consonants
• 11.141 Greek word division—compound words
• Old English and Middle English
• 11.142 Special characters in Old and Middle English
• 11.143 Ampersand and wynn
• American Sign Language
• 11.144 Signed languages
• 11.145 Components of signs
• 11.146 Writing ASL
• 11.147 Glosses in ASL
• 11.148 Compound signs
• 11.149 Fingerspelling
• 11.150 Lexicalized signs
• 11.151 Handshapes
• 11.152 Transcriptions of signed sentences
• 11.153 Pronouns, possessives, and reference
• 11.154 Nonmanual signals

About The Chicago Manual of Style |      About the University of Chicago Press      Terms of Use      | Privacy Policy      | Site Map

The Chicago Manual of Style 16th edition text © 2010 by The University of Chicago. The Chicago Manual of Style Online © 2006, 2007, 2010 by The University of Chicago. The Chicago Manual of Style is a registered trademark of The University of Chicago.

Chicago Style Guide - 17th Edition

• Chicago Style
• Title Page and Pagination
• Quotations and Signal Phrases
• Bibliography
• Chicago's Citation Parts
• Articles - Online
• Articles - Print
• Blogs and Social Media
• Government Publications
• Elders & Knowledge Keepers
• Other Sources
• Secondary Sources
• Generative AI Tools (e.g., ChatGPT, DALL·E 2)
• Author/Date (Scientific) System
• Need More Help?

Chicago Citation Bibliography Quick Guide

1 author : LastName, First Name and/or Initial. 

2+ authors : LastName, FirstName, and FirstName LastName.

10+ authors  (list the first 7 authors and add "et al."): Last Name, First Name, FirstName LastName, FirstName LastName, FirstName LastName, FirstName LastName, FirstName LastName, FirstName LastName, et al. 

No author? Begin you citation with the Title of the Book in italics.

Title is in quotation marks , provided in full, capitalized headline-style, and followed by a period.

E.g., "Title is in Quotation Marks and Capitalized Headline-style."

Title is in  italics , provided in full, and capitalized headline-style.

E.g., Title is in Italics and Capitalized Headline-style

When citing articles, the volume number follows the journal title with no punctuation. A comma separates the volume and the issue number is preceded by "no." 

E.g.,   Title 42, no. 3

The publication place precedes the publisher's name and is followed by a full colon.

E.g., Sidney: Hedgerow Press, 2013.

Unlike some other citation styles, when citing in Chicago, always  provide the publisher's name in full . 

If a  printed work  has no known publication date , use the abbreviation “n.d.” For  online resources , provide an access date if the publication date is unavailable.  

If page numbers are not available in your resource, you can use other markers including: chapter (chap.), section (sec.), equation (eq.), volume (vol.), or note (n.).

Cite the DOI wherever possible . If no DOI is available, cite the URL (preferably a stable url or permalink if available). DOIs and URLs should not be hyperlinked . 

Includes CDs, DVDs, VHS, film, and digital formats such as MPEG, MP3, and WAV. Depending on the resource type, you may need to include the original format and/or a digitized format .

General Format for Citing Recorded Media

General Model for Citing Film, Television, and Other Recorded Media

Citations of video, film, and sound recordings vary  according to the nature of the material being referenced and depending on what element is most important to your paper . Any element relevant to identifying a resource should be included.

Depending on the resource type, you may cite both the release date for the resource you watched, as well as the original date of creation. For online media, include a URL at the end of the citation. When constructing citations for various media types, do so in as consistent a manner as possible throughout your research paper.

Information to include when citing  media resources :

• Creator  (if given)
• Title  of multimedia work
• Place  of publication (if given)
• Publisher  (if available)
• Date  (could be full date including month, day and year, or may be year only). Depending on the context of your research, you may need to include the original release date , the publishing date of the media you watched, or both of these date types. If no date can be found, use n.d. for "no date".
• Format  (refer to the format type you watched or listened to, not necessarily the original format)
• Running time  of work
• Collection  (if applicable, information includes the  institution the collection is housed in , and the  title of the collection  itself)
• Any other relevant information (such as track number on an album; acquisition number on an LP or CD)

Streaming Media

Creator's LastName, FirstName, role.  Title of Work . DatePublished; PlacePublished: Publisher. Collection if applicable, Format, running time. URL.

EXAMPLE​  

Arnaquq-Baril ,  Alethea, dir.   Angry Inuk . 2016; Iqaluit: National Film Board of Canada. National Film Board of Canada Indigenous Cinema Collection. Streaming media, 1:22. https://www.nfb.ca/film/angry_inuk/.

FOOTNOTE  FORM

​ 9.  Angry Inuk,  directed by Alethea Arnaquq-Baril (2016; Iqaluit: National Film Board of Canada), National Film Board of Canada Indigenous Cinema Collection, streaming media, 1:22, https://www.nfb.ca/film/angry_inuk/.

Director's LastName, FirstName, dir. Title of Work . Original release date; PlacePublished: Publisher, Date Media you watched was Published. Format.

Polley, Sarah, dir. Stories We Tell . 2012; Toronto, ON: National Film Board of Canada, 2013. DVD.

FOOTNOTE FORM

42. Stories We Tell , directed by Sarah Polley (2012; Toronto, ON: National Film Board of Canada, 2013), DVD.

Hancock, John Lee, dir. The Blind Side . 2009; Burbank, CA: Warner Home Video, 2010. DVD.

43. The Blind Side , directed by John Lee Hancock (2009; Burbank, CA: Warner Home Video, 2010), DVD.

Sound Recording

FORMAT - Album or Collection

LastName, FirstName of composer, performer, or group. Year of original recording if applicable.  Title of Recording . Contributing personnel if applicable. Recording Company and Publisher Acquisition number of LP or CD if available. Year of Release if applicable. Format.

Haim.  Days Are Gone.  Columbia Records 88883 77097 2. 2013. Compact disc.

38. Haim, Days Are Gone,  Columbia Records 88883 77097 2, 2013, compact disc.

Pink Floyd. Atom Heart Mother.  1970    Capital CDP7 46381 2. 1990. Compact disc.

42. Pink Floyd,  Atom Heart Mother, 1970, Capital CDP7 46381 2, 1990, compact disc.

FORMAT - Track on an Album or Collection

LastName, FirstName of composer, performer, or group. Year of original recording if applicable. "Title of Track". Contributing personnel if applicable. Track number on  AlbumTitle  if applicable. Recording Company and Publisher Acquisition number of LP or CD if available. Year of Release if applicable. Format.

Harrison, George, vocalist. 1970. "If Not for You."  By Bob Dylan. Track 2 on album 1, side 2 on  All Things Must Pass . Capital Records CDP 7 46688 2, 2001. Vinyl LP. 

7. George Harrison, vocalist, 1970, "If Not for You,"  by Bob Dylan, track 2 on album 1, side 2 on  All Things Must Pass,  Capital Records CDP 7 46688 2, 2001, vinyl LP.

Rihanna [Robin Fentyl],  vocalist . 2007. "Umbrella." Featuring Jay-Z. Track 1 on Rhianna, Good Girl Gone Bad . Island Def Jam. MP3 audio. 

8. Rihanna [Robin Fentyl], vocalist, 2007, "Umbrella," featuring Jay-Z, track 1 on  Rhianna, Good Girl Gone Bad ,  Island Def Jam, MP3 audio.

MORE DETAILS

• There is not a one-size-fits-all formula for citing sound recordings in Chicago Style. Be mindful to include and emphasize the information most important to the context of your research paper in the citation. Ask your instructor if they have a specific format they wish you to follow.
• Similar to citing a chapter in a book, when you cite a track on an album, put "quotations" around the track name, and italicize the album title.

Episode in a Series

LastName, FirstName, dir.  Title of Work . Season number, episode number, "Episode Title." Aired Month day, year, on Network Name. URL if applicable.

Jeyapalan, Renuka, dir. Kim's Convenience . Season 2, episode 9, "New TV." Aired November 21, 2017, on CBC. 

24.  Kim's Convenience , season 2, episode 9, "New TV," directed by Renuka Jeyapalan, aired November 21, 2017, on CBC.

Feeley, Erin, dir. O range is the New Black . Season 6, episode 3, "Look Out for Number One." Aired July 27, 2018, on Netflix. https://www.netflix.com/watch/80217078.

24. O range is the New Black , season 6, episode 3, "Look Out for Number One," directed by Erin Feeley, aired July 27, 2018, on Netflix, https://www.netflix.com/watch/80217078.

• << Previous: Images
• Next: Other Sources >>
• Last Updated: Mar 28, 2024 3:32 PM
• URL: https://camosun.libguides.com/Chicago-17thEd

• Thompson Rivers University Library
• Research Guides

Chicago Manual of Style

• D. Newspaper Article
• Getting Started
• A. One Author or Editor
• B. Two or Three Authors or Editors
• C. Four or More Authors or Editors
• D. Chapter in an Edited Book
• E. Multivolume Works
• F. Organization as Author
• G. No Author
• I. Reference Book
• J. Edition Other than the First
• K. Editor/Translator in addition to Author
• A. Basic Journal Article
• B. Online Journal Article
• C. Magazine Article
• A. Basic Web Page
• B. Blog Entries
• C. Ancient Source from Perseus Digital Library
• A. Motion Picture (DVD/VHS)
• B. Streaming Video, Podcasts, and Other Online Multimedia
• C. Images & Art
• A. Interviews and Personal Communications
• B. Lectures
• C. Pamphlets, Brochures, and Reports
• D. Scriptural References
• E. Source within Source
• F. Moodle Content
• Ask a Question

Newspaper Article (Sec. 14.191-200)

Notes and bibliographic entries for newspapers should include the following:

• If a news service is listed (e.g., Associated Press) instead of a named author, use the news service as the author.
• headline or column heading in title case (i.e., Capitalize All of the Major Words). 
• Omit the word "The" if it is the first world of the newspaper title.
• For newspapers that are not well-known, include the city name and province/state in parentheses after the title. This information is not italicized.
• month (often abbreviated), day, and year.
• Since issues may include several editions, page numbers are usually omitted.
• If an online edition of a newspaper is consulted, include the URL at the end of the citation.

General Format  

• Newspapers are usually only cited in text or in notes. If newspaper sources are fully documented in the text, they do NOT need not be cited in the bibliography. (Section 14.198)
• Unsigned newspaper articles are best dealt with in text/notes. But if a bibliography entry is needed, the title of the newspaper stands in place of the author. (Section 14.199)
• Chicago Manual of Style This link opens in a new window
• Simon Fraser University Library: Chicago/Turabian Style
• Purdue OWL: Chicago Manual of Style
• Chicago style in a nutshell
• University of Alberta: Chicago Style
• << Previous: C. Magazine Article
• Next: Websites >>
• Last Updated: Jan 5, 2024 5:02 PM
• URL: https://libguides.tru.ca/chicago

Are Magazine Titles Italicized? (APA, AP, and Chicago)

You may have seen some magazine titles italicized and others not. This article looks at exactly which formats use italics for magazine titles and which do not and provides examples of how to reference a magazine in each format.

Are Magazine Titles Italicized?

If following the AP style, then magazine titles wouldn’t be italic; in Chicago and APA style, they would be italic. Therefore, whether or not to put a magazine title in italics depends entirely on the type of text and which formatting rules you are following.

As mentioned, how to write a magazine title in an essay is determined by what you are writing and which style guide you are adhering to for the text.

In an essay or paper, if the essay follows APA, MLA, or Chicago style, then you should put the magazine’s name in italics. However, you should not use it for the title of articles found within the publication.

In contrast , when you are using AP style in a paper, magazine titles are not in italics.

Most formal writing tends to follow either the Chicago, MLA, or APA rules; therefore, if you want to include a magazine title in an academic paper, it should be in italics.

The times when it wouldn’t be in italics are if you are following AP in your text; however, this style is mainly reserved for news and media outlets such as newspapers and magazines.

Are Magazine Titles Quoted?

In APA, MLA, and Chicago formats, magazine titles are not put in quotation marks.

However, in the Chicago and MLA styles, it is necessary to put the article’s title in quotation marks. In contrast, in APA, you should not put the article’s title in quotation marks, but you should use a capital letter for the first word.

In AP style, you should not put quotation marks around the magazine title, but it is common for people to put the article title in quotation marks.  

Here are some examples of how a magazine title looks in the three formats: Please note that for AP, there is conflicting information regarding the “title” of an article in a magazine. Some guides indicate that it is placed in quotation marks, whilst others suggest it isn’t. The name of the magazine, however, should not be in quotation marks in AP style.

• AP – Time magazine contains an article called “Is This the Hottest Year Ever?”
• APA – Jones (1998) wrote an article in Time magazine contains an article called, Is this the hottest year ever?
• Chicago – Jones (1998) wrote an article in Time magazine contains an article called, “Is this the hottest year ever?”

Are Magazine Titles Italicized in APA Style?

In APA style, which is commonly used for academic writing,  magazine titles are placed in italics. However, although you should capitalize the first word of the article, the remainder of the article title should not be in capitals, italics, or quotation marks.

Here is an example of an in-text citation and a reference in APA style:

• Turner (2021) wrote in an article in Vogue entitled, How to change your look in 7 days. (In-text)
• Turner, A, (2021), How to change your look in 7 days. Vogue – (Reference)

Are Magazine Titles Italicized in AP Style?

In AP style, which is mainly used by media and news organizations, the titles of magazines are not in italics or quotation marks . According to some, the title of the article, if included, should go in quotation marks, but not everyone seems to follow this particular rule. Furthermore, when writing the article’s title, often in AP style, the words in the title are capitalized.

Here is an example of how a magazine title would appear in a newspaper article:

• In the article “Have We Reached the Point of No Return?” found in this month’s Time magazine, the author looks at climate change and its consequences.
• In the article, Have We Reached the Point of No Return?, in this month’s Time magazine, the author looks at climate change and its consequences.

Are Magazine Titles Italicized in Chicago Style?

In the Chicago style, which is used mainly for academic writing, the titles of magazines should be in italics, and the title of the article should be in quotation marks . The magazine title itself should never be in quotation marks.

Here are some examples of how a magazine would look for an in-text citation and a reference list:

• Turner (2021) wrote in an article in Vogue entitled, “How to change your look in 7 days.” (In-text)
• Turner, A, (2021), “How to change your look in 7 days.” Vogue – (Reference)

Are Magazine Titles Italicized in MLA Style?

The MLA system follows the same rules for magazines as the Chicago style. Therefore, for MLA style, the magazine title should be italic, and the title of the article should be in quotation marks.

Final Thoughts

Regarding referencing magazines in different styles, APA, Chicago, and MLA use italics for the magazine title. However, only MLA and Chicago use quotation marks for the article title. In contrast, in AP style, most of the time, magazine titles are not in italics.

Martin holds a Master’s degree in Finance and International Business. He has six years of experience in professional communication with clients, executives, and colleagues. Furthermore, he has teaching experience from Aarhus University. Martin has been featured as an expert in communication and teaching on Forbes and Shopify. Read more about Martin here .

• Are Video Game Titles Italicized? (APA, AP, and Chicago)
• Are Podcast Titles Italicized? (APA, AP, MLA, and Chicago)
• Are Movie Titles Italicized? (APA, AP, MLA, and Chicago)
• Are TV Shows Italicized? (APA, AP, MLA, and Chicago)