long essay on terrorism in india

Essay on Terrorism in India for Students and Children

500 words essay on terrorism in india.

Terrorism in India has a long history. It is a cowardly act by the terrorist groups who wish to disturb the peace of the country. It aims to create a state of panic amongst the people. They want to keep the people in a constant state of fear to stop the country from prospering.

Time to time, they carry out terrorist acts to remind people of the fear they want them to live in. Consequently, there are roughly 100 terrorist cells that are operating in India. They have to an extent successfully created an atmosphere of tension amongst the citizens. Terrorism impacts the country gravely and has dangerous repercussions.

Impact of Terrorism in India

As discussed earlier, terrorism has a major impact on any country. When we look at a developing country like India, it is all the more harmful. Firstly, it creates a state of panic amongst the citizens. The bomb blasts or firing impacts the mental health of people. This causes the untimely death of various citizens or leaves them handicapped. The anxiety and fear one has to live in restrict their way of living to a great extent.

Moreover, terrorism has a major impact on the tourism industry. As tourists avoid visiting places that are vulnerable to terrorist attacks, the tourism industry faces a blow. India is a country that earns a lot of its revenue from tourism. When these attacks happen, they cause fear amongst the tourists as well. The ones planning to visit cancel their trips. Similarly, the ones staying presently shorten their trip and leave.

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Furthermore, terrorist attacks create a sense of doubt in the foreign investors of India. After all, who would want to invest in a country prone to terrorism? They avoid the risk and instead opt for safer alternatives. This causes a huge blow to the business of India depending on them.

Thus, it damages the economy. As terrorist attacks cause loss of life and property, the replenishment takes up a lot of capital. It also results in people leaving the country to settle abroad for a safer environment. This makes India lose a lot of potential doctors, engineers, artists and more.

Major Terror Attacks in India

India has faced a number of terror attacks over time. The worst of them is definitely the 26/11 terror attack which took place in Mumbai. The terrorists captured renowned places like Nariman House, Hotel Oberoi Trident and Hotel Taj. They killed almost 170 people and injured around 300 people. All these victims were police officers, security personnel, or tourists.

The Mumbai Train Blasts were also very deadly. They took place in the local trains of Mumbai and happened at seven railway stations. It claimed 210 lives and injured 715 people.

The Indian Parliament Attack was also very surprising. As the parliament is one of the safest buildings. The terrorist managed to kill three parliament staff members and six police officers. It remains shocking as one wonders how such a safe place could come under attack. In short, terrorism in India needs to be eradicated to safeguard the country and help it prosper.

FAQs on Terrorism in India

Q.1 How does terrorism impact India?

A.1 Terrorism in India has a deep impact on the people and economy of the country. It causes panic amongst people and affects the tourism industry. Furthermore, it also has adverse effects on the economy of the country and its foreign investments.

Q.2 Name some of the most deadly terrorist attacks in India.

A.2 India has had some of the most dangerous terrorist attacks. The major ones include the one on Hotel Taj known as the 26/11 attack. The Mumbai serial bomb blasts were also very deadly where more than 1,000 people were injured. Moreover, the Indian Parliament attack was also quite dangerous.

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Terrorism in India Essay - 100, 200, 500 Words

Essay on terrorism in india -.

Terrorism refers to acts of violence committed by individuals or groups with the intention of creating fear and alarm in a population, and often involves the targeting of innocent civilians. These acts are meant to influence and manipulate governments or other organisations and can take many forms, including bombing, hijacking, kidnapping, and assassination. Terrorism is considered a threat to global peace and security, and is widely condemned by the international community .

100 Words Essay On Terrorism in India

Terrorism in India has been a significant concern for the country for several decades. The problem has its roots in political, social and economic issues and is often fueled by religious and ethnic tensions.

Over the years, the Indian government has taken a number of measures to combat terrorism, including strengthening security forces and intelligence agencies and implementing laws and regulations to curb terrorist activities. Despite these efforts, terrorist attacks continue to occur in various parts of the country.

While the Indian government has taken steps to combat terrorism, the problem remains a significant concern for the country. Addressing the underlying issues that fuel terrorism and implementing a unified and comprehensive strategy, along with the support of the international community, is crucial in effectively tackling the problem.

200 Words Essay On Terrorism in India

Terrorism is a global threat that has affected many countries, including India. The problem of terrorism in India has its roots in the country's complex history and ongoing political conflicts. India has faced terrorism in various forms for decades.

A challenge in the fight against terrorism in India is the lack of a unified and comprehensive strategy to address the problem. Different states in the country have their own approach to dealing with terrorism, which often results in a lack of coordination and cooperation among the various agencies involved.

Measures Taken

The government of India has taken effective measures to combat terrorism, including increasing security and surveillance, strengthening border control, and launching military operations against terrorist groups.

India has also been actively participating in global efforts to combat terrorism and promote peace and stability in the region.

India has been a strong advocate of the Zero tolerance policy against terrorism.

India has also been vocal in raising its concern in various international forums against state sponsorship of terrorism and cross-border terrorism.

Terrorism is a severe problem in India that has caused much suffering and loss of life. While the Indian government has taken steps to combat terrorism, it remains a major concern. India continues to work towards peace and stability in the region and advocates for a zero-tolerance policy towards terrorism globally.

500 Words Essay On Terrorism in India

Terrorism is a major problem that affects not only India but also the world as a whole. It refers to the use of violence and intimidation in the pursuit of political or ideological goals. The problem of terrorism in India is complex and multifaceted, and it has a significant impact on the security and stability of the country

Origin of Terrorism in India

Terrorism in India has its roots in a variety of factors, including political and ideological differences, religious extremism, and ethnic and separatist movements. The problem has been exacerbated by the presence of various terrorist groups that operate within the country.

Current Situation of Terrorism in India

Terrorism continues to be a significant problem in India, with a number of incidents occurring on a regular basis. These incidents range from small-scale attacks on individuals to large-scale attacks on civilians and government buildings.

Major Incidents of Terrorism in India

Mumbai terrorist attacks of 2008 | The Mumbai terrorist attacks of 2008, also known as 26/11, were a series of terrorist attacks that occurred in the Indian city of Mumbai. The attacks were carried out by a group of terrorists and resulted in the deaths of 164 people and the injury of over 300 others.

2001 Indian Parliament attack | The 2001 Indian Parliament attack was a terrorist attack that occurred on December 13, 2001, when a group of heavily armed terrorists entered the Parliament of India in New Delhi. The attack resulted in the deaths of 14 people and the injury of 18 others.

1993 Bombay Bombings | The 1993 Bombay Bombings were a series of bombings that occurred on March 12, 1993, in the Indian city of Bombay (now Mumbai). The bombings resulted in the deaths of 257 people and the injury of over 700 others.

Steps to Fight Terrorism in India

Strengthening security and intelligence agencies | India has several security and intelligence agencies that play a crucial role in fighting terrorism. These agencies need to be strengthened and given the necessary resources to effectively carry out their duties.

Enhancing border security | India's borders are vast and porous, making it easy for terrorists to infiltrate the country. Measures such as strengthening border security, deploying more troops, and increasing the use of technology such as surveillance cameras can help to prevent terrorist infiltration.

Addressing the root causes of terrorism | It is important to address the underlying issues that lead to terrorism, such as poverty, unemployment, and lack of education. By addressing these issues, it will be possible to reduce the appeal of terrorist groups and prevent the emergence of new ones.

International cooperation | Terrorism is a global problem and requires a global response. India needs to work closely with other countries to share intelligence and coordinate efforts to fight terrorism.

Terrorism is a major problem that affects India and the world as a whole. For the fight against the cause of terrorism to be successful, it is imperative that security and intelligence agencies be strengthened, border security enhanced, issues of communalism addressed, and international collaboration is increased. Our country can be safer for everyone if we work together.

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Radio Jockey is an exciting, promising career and a great challenge for music lovers. If you are really interested in a career as radio jockey, then it is very important for an RJ to have an automatic, fun, and friendly personality. If you want to get a job done in this field, a strong command of the language and a good voice are always good things. Apart from this, in order to be a good radio jockey, you will also listen to good radio jockeys so that you can understand their style and later make your own by practicing.

A career as radio jockey has a lot to offer to deserving candidates. If you want to know more about a career as radio jockey, and how to become a radio jockey then continue reading the article.

Choreographer

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Ever since internet costs got reduced the viewership for these types of content has increased on a large scale. Therefore, a career as a vlogger has a lot to offer. If you want to know more about the Vlogger eligibility, roles and responsibilities then continue reading the article. 

For publishing books, newspapers, magazines and digital material, editorial and commercial strategies are set by publishers. Individuals in publishing career paths make choices about the markets their businesses will reach and the type of content that their audience will be served. Individuals in book publisher careers collaborate with editorial staff, designers, authors, and freelance contributors who develop and manage the creation of content.

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Individuals in the editor career path is an unsung hero of the news industry who polishes the language of the news stories provided by stringers, reporters, copywriters and content writers and also news agencies. Individuals who opt for a career as an editor make it more persuasive, concise and clear for readers. In this article, we will discuss the details of the editor's career path such as how to become an editor in India, editor salary in India and editor skills and qualities.

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Essay on Terrorism in India

Students are often asked to write an essay on Terrorism in India in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Terrorism in India

Understanding terrorism.

Terrorism is a grave issue in India. It’s a violent act to create fear, often for political reasons. Terrorists use threats and violence to intimidate or coerce.

Impact on India

India has suffered a lot due to terrorism. Many innocent lives have been lost, and property destroyed. It has also affected India’s image internationally.

Root Causes

The reasons for terrorism are complex. Some are political, others are religious or social. Often, it’s a mix of these factors.

Combating Terrorism

India is fighting terrorism with law enforcement, intelligence, and military power. Education and social development are also key in preventing terrorism.

Also check:

• Speech on Terrorism in India

250 Words Essay on Terrorism in India

Introduction.

Terrorism in India is a complex and multifaceted issue, deeply rooted in sociopolitical, economic, and religious contexts. It’s a threat that has undermined the country’s security and stability, causing widespread fear and disruption.

Types of Terrorism

Terrorism in India manifests in various forms, including ethno-nationalist terrorism, religious terrorism, and left-wing terrorism. Ethno-nationalist terrorism is predominantly seen in the northeastern states and Punjab, driven by demands for secession or autonomy. Religious terrorism, often linked to communal tensions, has caused significant unrest. Left-wing extremism, primarily from Naxalite groups, poses a considerable threat in central and eastern India.

Impact on Society and Economy

Terrorism has a profound impact on India’s social fabric and economic development. It not only causes loss of lives and property but also instigates fear and insecurity among the population. Economically, terrorism disrupts business operations, deters investment, and diverts resources from development to security.

Counter-Terrorism Measures

India’s counter-terrorism strategy involves a combination of legal, administrative, and security measures. The government has enacted stringent laws like the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act and established specialized agencies like the National Investigation Agency. However, the challenge lies in effectively implementing these measures without infringing upon human rights.

Addressing terrorism in India requires a comprehensive approach that goes beyond security-centric measures. It involves addressing underlying socio-economic disparities, fostering communal harmony, and strengthening regional cooperation. Only through such a holistic approach can the menace of terrorism be effectively tackled.

500 Words Essay on Terrorism in India

India, a nation known for its rich cultural heritage and diversity, has been a victim of numerous terrorist attacks over the years. Terrorism in India is a complex issue, with roots in historical, political, and socio-economic contexts. It poses a significant threat to the country’s security, peace, and development.

Historical Context

Terrorist activities in India can be traced back to the pre-independence era, but the intensity and frequency have escalated dramatically in recent decades. The partition of India and Pakistan in 1947 triggered communal tensions, which have since been exploited by various extremist groups. The Kashmir issue, which arose following the partition, has also been a significant contributor to terrorism in the country.

Forms of Terrorism

Terrorism in India manifests in various forms, including ethno-nationalist terrorism, religious terrorism, left-wing terrorism, and narco-terrorism. Ethno-nationalist terrorism is primarily driven by separatist movements, like those in Punjab and the Northeastern states. Religious terrorism, on the other hand, is often linked to communal tensions between different religious groups. Left-wing terrorism, mainly represented by Naxalism, is a significant concern in central and eastern India. Narco-terrorism, which involves the use of drug trafficking to fund terrorist activities, is another emerging threat.

Terrorism has severe implications for India’s society and economy. It not only leads to loss of lives and property but also instills fear and insecurity among citizens. It disrupts normal life, hampers economic activities, and deters foreign investment. Moreover, it strains India’s relations with neighboring countries, affecting regional peace and cooperation.

India has taken numerous measures to counter terrorism. These include legislative actions, like the enactment of the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act and the National Investigation Agency Act, and operational measures, like the establishment of specialized counter-terrorism forces. India also engages in international cooperation against terrorism through platforms like the United Nations and SAARC.

Challenges and the Way Forward

Despite these efforts, India faces significant challenges in countering terrorism. These include issues related to intelligence gathering, inter-agency coordination, and legal complexities. Moreover, addressing the root causes of terrorism, like socio-economic disparities and communal tensions, is a daunting task.

While the fight against terrorism is a long one, it is not insurmountable. India needs to adopt a multi-pronged approach that combines stringent security measures, diplomatic efforts, socio-economic development, and communal harmony. Public awareness and participation are also crucial in this regard.

Terrorism in India is a grave concern that requires comprehensive and concerted efforts to tackle. While the journey is challenging, a resilient India stands firm in its resolve to eradicate terrorism and ensure a peaceful and prosperous future for its citizens.

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Essay on Terrorism in India

Below we have provided long essay on Terrorism in India in English. This Terrorism in India Essay has been written in simple English language for you to make it easy to remember and presented. After going through this terrorism in India essay you will know when and how this problem originated, what steps did the governments took to counter it; who is the main source of terrorism; how the world community has united globally to fight terrorism etc. This essay will be useful to you in your school assignments and events wherein you need to write, give a speech or take part in a debate.

Long Essay on Terrorism in India in English

Introduction

Terrorist groups aim to create panic amid people. They intend to see people living in constant fear and for this purpose they carry out various big and small terrorist activities from time to time. There are around 100 terrorist cells operating in India and they have succeeded in creating an atmosphere of tension in the country. Numerous terrorist activities have been carried out by these terrorist groups. India has also been hit by terrorist acts done by its neighbouring countries mainly Pakistan.

Chief Terrorist Groups Operating in India

Here are some of the chief terrorist groups operating in India:

• Jaish–e-Muhammad: This is a Pakistan based terrorist group operating in Jammu and Kashmir. It aims to occupy Jammu and Kashmir and has instigated several terrorist attacks in the valley to further their aim.
• Lashkar-e-Taiba (Let): This is an Islamist militant group which is operating in Pakistan and even in India’s Jammu and Kashmir region. It is said to be funded by Pakistan and is responsible for carrying out many massive terrorist attacks in India.
• Maoist: This terrorist group was created by merger of Naxalite groups after talks between leftist militants and Indian government broke in the year 2004.
• United Liberation Front of Assam (ULFA): This terrorist group is responsible for carrying out various terrorist activities in the Indian state of Assam.

The irony is that even though these terrorist groups take onus of the bomb blasts and other terrorist activities carried out by them, most of the times the government is not able to reach them and take the required action against them.

Causes of Terrorism in India

There are a number of causes of the wide spread terrorism in India. There are mainly four types of terrorism in India. This includes Religious Terrorism, Narco Terrorism, Left Wing Terrorism and Ethno-Nationalist Terrorism. While terrorists belonging to different terrorist cells may have come together for different causes, the main aim of all the terrorist cells running under them are same and that is to ensure widespread fear and panic among the general public.

Here are the main causes of terrorism in India:

India is a land of diverse religions. While people belonging to different religions largely live with peace and harmony in the country there are many religious extremists that aim to create a rift between them. These groups boast about the teachings of their religion and try to prove that it is superior to the others. Several violent movements carried out by these groups in the past have disrupted the peace and harmony of the country. Numerous people have been injured and several others have been killed in such outbreaks.

• Ethno-Nationalism

This type of terrorism is provoked by the extremist groups. It occurs when major part of the population of a state expresses the desire to break away and form their own separate state/ country. The Khalistan Movement in Punjab is one of the examples of this type of terrorism. The beautiful Indian state of Kashmir is also suffering because of this type of terrorism as certain Kashmiri Islamic groups want Kashmir to become a part of Pakistan. Similarly, Nagaland, Tripura, Assam and Tamil Nadu have also suffered due to this type of terrorism.

• Political Scenario

Dissatisfied with the political system of the country, certain terrorist groups are formed to threaten the government. Left wing extremists in India, known as Naxalites, have been invoked because of this. The Naxalites are highly disappointed with the political system in the country. They have carried out several terrorist attacks in the past and aim to overthrow the government with an armed revolution. They intend to bring their own kind of government.

• Socio-Economic Disparity

India is known for its socio-economic disparity. The rich in the country are getting richer and the poor are getting poorer day by day. This creates a sense of disparity among the poor class who join terrorist cells to destroy the upper class people. They mostly carry out terrorist attacks in posh localities and target celebrities and people in power.

Effects of Terrorism in India

  Terrorism has caused a widespread impact on the country. Here is a look at the effects of terrorism in India:

•   Panic among People

Terrorism in India has created panic among the general public. Every now and then there is a blast, firing or some other sort of terrorist activity in the country. Due to this, several people die untimely and many others are left handicapped for the rest of their lives. Each of these attacks causes an atmosphere of stress and anxiety among the general public. People fear to go out of their houses days after such attacks.

• Effect on Tourism Industry

People fear visiting the places that are prone to terrorist attacks. The tourism industry in India has suffered a great deal owing to the terrorist activities carried out by different terrorist groups within the country as well as those outside that threaten the peace of the country. The tourism industry particularly sees a deep for several months after the terrorist attacks.

• Foreign Investment

Foreign investors think twice before investing in India and other nations prone to terrorism. This is because the risk involved is quite high. They look for safer alternatives. Indian businesses have suffered a great deal owing to this.

• Damaged Economy

Terrorism has had an adverse effect on India’s economy. Many Indian cities have been hit by major terrorist attacks that have led to a loss of property and businesses. The resurrection cost involved is quite high in such cases. The country’s wealth that can be used in productive tasks is invested in replenishing the loss caused by terrorist attacks. Besides, the dip in the tourism industry, the reluctance of foreign investors to invest in India and the rise in the rates of international trade that are all a result of terrorism in India, have had a major negative impact on the country’s economy.

• Brain Drain

Many talented youths in India do not want to live in the country anymore owing to the low quality of life and uncertainties caused by terrorism. They relocate to developed nations such as the United States, Canada and United Kingdom that are less prone to terrorist attacks and financially strong. Thus, the terrorist activities have also resulted in brain drain.

Global Terrorism

Terrorism is not just limited to India but is a global problem. The reasons for the formation of terrorist groups in different countries remain more or less the same as that in India. The reasons mainly include socio-economic disparity, discrimination/ alienation, dissatisfaction with the functioning of the ruling party, religious extremism and ethno nationalism.

Almost every country in this world is suffering from one or the other problems mentioned above and this has led to the formation of various terrorist cells within these countries. These terrorist cells carry out terrorist attacks within the country from time to time to create an atmosphere of fear among the general public. Rivalry among different countries gives rise to transnational terrorism. This rivalry or feeling of hatred may be caused due to difference in religious sentiments, economic disparity, lack of aid provided to developing nations and more. Attacks on India by Pakistan and Pakistan’s attack on various other nations are a clear example of transnational terrorism.

Countries such as Pakistan, Syria, India, Russia, Egypt, Iraq, Libya, Nigeria, Israel, Philippines, Colombia, Somalia, Thailand, Turkey, Yemen and Nepal have been hit by numerous terrorist attacks in the past two decades. They have suffered from both domestic as well as transnational attacks. The 9/11 incident that happened in the United States has been one of the most heinous and major terrorist attacks on a first world country.

Terrorist Attacks in India

India has seen several terrorist attacks that have created major fear among the public and have caused mass destruction. Here are some of the major terrorist attacks that hit India in the last few years:

• 1991 Punjab Killings
• 1993 Bombay Bomb Blasts
• 1993 RSS Bombing in Chennai
• 2000 Church Bombing
• 2000 Red Fort Terrorist Attack
• 2001 Indian Parliament Attack
• 2002 Mumbai Bus Bombing
• 2002 Attack on Akshardham Temple
• 2003 Mumbai Bombing
• 2004 Dhemaji School Bombing in Assam
• 2005 Delhi Bombings
• 2005 Indian Institute of Science Shooting
• 2006 Varanasi Bombings
• 2006 Mumbai Train Bombings
• 2006 Malegaon Bombings
• 2007 Samjhauta Express Bombings
• 2007 Mecca Masjid Bombing
• 2007 Hyderabad Bombing
• 2007 Ajmer Dargah Bombing
• 2008 Jaipur Bombings
• 2008 Bangalore Serial Blasts
• 2008 Ahmedabad Bombings
• 2008 Delhi Bombings
• 2008 Mumbai Attacks
• 2010 Pune Bombing
• 2010 Varanasi Bombing
• 2011 Mumbai Bombing
• 2011 Delhi Bombing
• 2012 Pune Bombing
• 2013 Hyderabad Blasts
• 2013 Srinagar Attack
• 2013 Bodh Gaya Bombings
• 2013 Patna Bombings
• 2014 Chhattisgarh Attack
• 2014 Jharkhand Blast
• 2014 Chennai Train Bombing
• 2014 Assam Violence
• 2014 Church Street Bomb Blast, Bangalore
• 2015 Jammu Attack
• 2015 Gurdaspur Attack
• 2015 Pathankot Attack
• 2016 Uri Attack
• 2016 Baramulla Attack
• 2017 Bhopal Ujjain Passenger Train Bombing
• 2017 Amarnath Yatra Attack
• 2018 Sukma Attack

Agencies Fighting Terrorism in India

Many police, intelligence and military organizations in India have formed special agencies to fight terrorism in the country.

• Anti Terrorism Squad (ATS)

Anti Terrorism Squad (ATS) operates in the Indian states of Maharashtra, Gujarat, Kerala, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Rajasthan. It is a special police force that has stopped many terrorist attacks in India. It has adopted various special tactics to bar terrorism.

• Research and Analysis Wing (RAW)

Established in the year 1968, RAW is the foreign intelligence agency of India. It is involved in neutralising terror elements that are a threat to the country, promoting counter proliferation and guarding India’s nuclear programme.

• National Investigation Agency (NIA)

This agency has been set up by the Government of India to fight terrorism in the country. It came into being after the unfortunate 2008 Mumbai terror attacks. It has been given the right to take action against terrorist groups/ activities occurring in any Indian state without seeking any special permission from the states.

India has adversely been affected by terrorism. It is sad to see thousands of innocent lives gone because of terrorist attacks. Despite the formation of anti-terrorist agencies and their high end strategies, the terrorist groups still succeed in carrying out terrorist activities.

The Indian government’s response to terrorist attacks has never been as stern as it should be. It lacks proper strategic response to the terrorist activities and this encourages the terrorist cells to carry out such activities fearlessly.

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Terrorism in India & Successful Counter-Terrorism Strategies

One of the most read articles of 2020 is from the 2017 GTI, in which Lt General VK Ahluwalia writes about the drivers of terrorism in India.

One of the most read articles of 2020 is from the 2017 Global Terrorism Index where Lt General VK Ahluwalia writes about the drivers of terrorism in India.

A Spotlight on Terrorism in India

Easy access to sophisticated weapons and disruptive advances in technology, especially the cyber world masks the identity of the terrorists, facilitates real time secure communications and the flow of funds and provides access to an infinite resource of DIY kits on issues ranging from making bombs to executing beheadings.

These elements have collectively made terrorism the most preferred means of waging war. Despite the grave threat, the international community is far from reaching a consensus on how to fight this menace collectively.

So deep are the fissures that even adopting a common definition of terrorism and violent extremism has met stiff resistance.

The history of terrorism in India

India’s tryst with terrorism and violent extremism can be traced back partly to the religion based partition in 1947, which ripped the sub-continent into two nations: India and Pakistan.

The sub-continent remained witness to the most horrifying ethnic riots in modern history, which were marked by extreme violence and acts of terrorism.

Following the partition, after a brief period of neutrality, the then Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K), Hari Singh formally acceded to India; however, this act of accession has not, and continues not to be recognised by Pakistan which lays claims to the Muslim majority region.

This territorial dispute lies at the core of the long standing conflict between the two nations with both nations each vehemently rejecting the other’s claims.

Further, India views Pakistan as perpetuating the on-going cross border conflict and for sponsoring militant activity in a bid to destabilise the state of J&K and other parts of the country.

In addition, considering the number of ongoing insurgencies in India, terrorism and violent extremism is also a manifestation of:

• politico-religious violence
• ethnic-sub regional nationalism
• socio-economic conditions
• politics of identity

The relationship between terrorism and insurgency

What were the causes that led to the genesis of terrorism and its drivers in India? While seeking answers to this question, we will also dwell upon the terrorist initiated incidents and terrorists groups operating in India.

We will explore the complementary relationship between terrorism and insurgency, analyse various forms in which terrorism morphs and finally, establish the contours of successful counterterrorism strategies.

The primary causes of terrorism and insurgency in India are based on political, religious, ethnic, ideological, identity driven, linguistic or socio-economic grievances.

Terrorism in India, can be broadly categorised in three distinct parts:

• Cross border terrorism in J&K.
• Terrorism in the hinterland.
• Extreme violence and terrorism as an integral part of the ongoing insurgencies.

India’s richly diverse society provides a fertile ground for terrorism to thrive in many areas:

• politics of communalism and criminalisation
• fanatic religious movements and irresponsible statements by political and religious leaders
• human rights excesses
• marginalised minority communities
• high levels of youth unemployment
• poor governance
• prolonged delays in criminal justice

Quite often, incidents relating to a particular religious or ethnic group act as a catalyst. They also act as an initiator to indoctrinate/ radicalise youth (and not necessarily only the poor and marginalised) to indulge in extreme forms of violence and terrorism.

Considering the fact that intensity of violence due to religious terrorism has always been very severe, strict law should be framed expeditiously against those delivering ‘hate speeches’ that incite a religious/ ethnic community’s passions.

India also remains highly vulnerable to terrorism by foreign terrorists, due to porous borders with all its neighbours and a long coast line. Resultantly, the terrorists and the insurgents continue to receive material support and funds from many sources.

India has experienced almost all forms of terrorist attacks:

• hijacking and blowing up of aircrafts
• sabotaging railway tracks
• kidnapping hostages for meeting political demands
• suicide attacks
• the assassination of two of its Prime Ministers
• attacks on places of worship, transportation systems, security forces and financial hubs
• communal riots followed by extreme violence
• attacks both by religious and non-religious terrorist groups.

The modus operandi of terrorism has remained dynamic to achieve its goals and objectives.

This is an edited extract from an essay that appeared in the Global Terrorism Index 2017.

Lt General VK Ahluwalia

Expert contributor.

Lt General VK Ahluwalia, Indian Army’s Central Command

Vision of Humanity

Vision of Humanity is brought to you by the Institute for Economics and Peace (IEP), by staff in our global offices in Sydney, New York, The Hague, Harare and Mexico. Alongside maps and global indices, we present fresh perspectives on current affairs reflecting our editorial philosophy.

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Recently, India’s External Affairs Minister has addressed the High-Level Segment of the 46th Session of Human Rights Council (HRC) and highlighted India’s commitment to human rights and its fight against terrorism .

• India’s approach to the UN Human Rights Council is guided by the spirit of engagement, dialogue and consultation .
• It believes that equal emphasis should be placed on both the promotion and protection of human rights as both are best pursued through dialogue, consultation and cooperation among States as well as technical assistance and capacity building .
• Death or serious bodily injury to any person.
• Serious damage to public or private property, including a place of public use, a State or government facility, a public transportation system, an infrastructure facility or the environment.
• Damage to property, places, facilities, or systems resulting in or likely to result in a major economic loss.
• It encompasses a range of complex threats like organized terrorism in conflict zones, foreign terrorist fighters, radicalised ‘lone wolves’, etc.
• State-sponsorship and safe havens .
• State-of-the-art communication systems .
• Access to advanced technology .
• Networking of terrorist groups with the criminal underworld .
• It poses a major threat to international peace and security and undermines the core values of humanity, peace and growth.
• In addition to the devastating human cost of terrorism, in terms of lives lost or permanently altered, terrorist acts destabilise governments and undermine economic and social development .
• Terrorist acts often defy national borders .
• Terrorist attacks using CBRNE materials (Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear and Explosives) have catastrophic consequences on communities and infrastructure .

Global Efforts

• Across the globe, the United Nations Office of Counter-Terrorism (UNOCT) leads and coordinates an all-of-UN approach to prevent and counter-terrorism and violent extremism.
• UN Counter-Terrorism Centre (UNCCT) under UNOCT, promotes international cooperation in the fight against terrorism and supports the Member States in implementing the Global Counter-Terrorism Strategy .
• It works to assist the Member States, upon request, with the ratification , legislative incorporation and implementation of the universal legal framework against terrorism.
• The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) which is a global money laundering and terrorist financing watchdog , sets international standards that aim to prevent these illegal activities and the harm they cause to society.

Steps Taken by India

• India, which has been a victim of cross-border terrorism , took cognizance of the threat long before the major world powers .
• It is a crime against humanity and violates the most Fundamental Human Right, namely the Right to Life ( Article 21 ).
• India has taken steps for setting up Joint Working Groups (JWGs) on counter-terrorism/security matters with countries. Bilateral treaties on Mutual Legal Assistance (MLATs) in Criminal matters to facilitate the investigation, collection of evidence, transfer of witnesses, location and action against proceeds of crime, etc. have been signed with other countries.
• In 1996 , with the objective of providing a comprehensible legal framework to counter-terrorism, India proposed to the UNGA the adoption of CCIT.
• To have a universal definition of terrorism that all members would adopt into their own criminal laws.
• To ban all terror groups and shut down terror camps.
• To prosecute all terrorists under special laws.
• To make cross-border terrorism an extraditable offence worldwide.
• Addressing the UN High-Level Conference on Heads of Counter-Terrorism (2018), India extended a five-point formula .
• Summoning the political will to unhesitatingly combat terrorism.
• Decrying double standards in the fight against terrorism.
• Reform of the working methods of the Committees dealing with Sanctions and Counter-Terrorism.
• Firmly discouraging exclusivist thinking that divides the world and harms social fabric.
• Enlisting and delisting individuals and entities under the UN sanctions regimes objectively not for political or religious considerations.
• Fully recognising and addressing the link between terrorism and transnational organized crime.
• Combating terrorist financing.
• Immediate attention to adequate funding to UN Counter-Terrorism bodies from the UN regular budget.
• Comprehensive Integrated Border Management System: It vastly improves the capability of Border Security Force (BSF) in detecting and controlling the cross border crimes like illegal infiltration, smuggling of contraband goods, human trafficking and cross border terrorism, etc.
• Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967: It enables more effective prevention of certain unlawful activities of individuals and associations and for dealing with terrorist activities, and other related matters.
• National Investigation Agency: It is India’s counter-terrorist task force and is empowered to deal with terror related crimes across states without special permission from the states.
• Policy of Zero-Tolerance Against Terrorism: India calls for zero-tolerance agianst terrorism and focuses on developing a common strategy to curb it.
• Operation Rakshak: Counter-insurgency and counter-terrorism operation in Jammu and Kashmir in 1990.
• Operation Sarp Vinash: Undertaken by Indian army to flush out terrorists in the areas of the Pir Panjal range in Jammu and Kashmir in 2003.
• Operation All Out: Joint offensive launched by Indian security forces to flush out militants and terrorists in Kashmir in 2017.

Suggestions and Way Forward

• Strong and Reformed Institutions: Multilateral institutions and mechanisms need to be strengthened and reformed to be able to deal with these emerging challenges effectively.
• Concerted Efforts: There should be a concerted effort from the countries affected by the scourge of terrorism to pressurise countries that engage in state-sponsored terrorism.
• Intelligence agencies have to be empowered both monetarily and through modern infrastructure to be able to respond in time.
• Filling and Addressing Gaps: Violation of and gaps in the implementation of human rights should be addressed in a fair and just manner, with objectivity, non-selectivity, transparency and with due respect to the principles of non-interference in internal affairs and national sovereignty.
• United Approach and Efforts: The Covid-19 pandemic has complicated the situation in many geographies so there is a need for all to come together to overcome these challenges.

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Reseach Article

Causes and effects of terrorism in india: an overview.

Shivaji Khemnar . Causes and Effects of Terrorism in India: An Overview. International Journal of Applied Information Systems. 12, 15 ( September 2018), 29-32. DOI=10.5120/ijais2018451772

The The roots of terrorism were found in the 1st century AD. In the world, various developed, developing and under developed region facing this problem. In India, in the year of 1980 a first terrorist incident was observed in NE part. From this period to still that various incidents, attacks and activities were happening in various parts of the country. The silence in the India gets disturbed from the last few decades because of terrorism activities from terror. According to the Home Ministry, terrorism in India poses a major hazard to the community of India. Terrorism found in India includes ethno-nationalist terrorism, religious terrorism, left wing terrorism and narco terrorism. The regions with long term terrorist activities have been Jammu and Kashmir, east-central and south-central India (Naxalism) and the Seven Sister States. In these regions observed various types of terrorist groups which operate the small and large scale activities. South Asian Terror Portal (SATP) has listed 180 terrorist groups that have operated within India over the last 20 years, many of them co-listed as transnational terror networks operating in or from neighboring South Asian countries such as Bangladesh, Nepal and Pakistan. The main aim of this article is to identify the terrorism in India with its nature, causes and effects from various types of past database. Changing in the terrorist approach and radicalism is somewhat solutions to control this massive problem in India.

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• Juergensmeyer, M. (2000). Terror in the mind of God: The global rise of religious violence. Berkeley: University of California Press.
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• Flint, C. & Radil, S. (2009). Terrorism and counter-terrorism: Situating al-Qaeda and the Global War on Terror within geopolitical trends and structures. Eurasian Geography and Economics 50 (2), 150-171.
• Massey, D. (2005). For space. London and Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
• Terrorism Fatalities in India (2014), SATP & Institute for Conflict Management Report
• Braithwaite, 2005; William Alex Pridemore and Joshua D. Freilich. 2007. "The Impact of State Laws Protecting Abortion Clinics and Reproductive Rights on Crimes against Abortion Providers: Deterrence, Backlash or Neither?" Law and Human Behavior 31:611-627.
• Brian M. Jenkins. (1975). "International Terrorism: A New Model of Conflict." In International Terrorism and World Security, edited byDavid Carlton and Carla Schaerf. London: Croom Helm.
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• The Geography of Terror (2003) Susan L. Cutter, Directions Magazine.

Index Terms

Computer Science Information Sciences

Terrorism India Radicalism Causes and Effects

Essay on Terrorism in India for Children and Students

Table of Contents

Below we have provided long essay on Terrorism in India in English. This Terrorism in India Essay has been written in simple English language for you to make it easy to remember and presented. After going through this terrorism in India essay you will know when and how this problem originated, what steps did the governments took to counter it; who is the main source of terrorism; how the world community has united globally to fight terrorism etc. This essay will be useful to you in your school assignments and events wherein you need to write, give a speech or take part in a debate.

Long Essay on Terrorism in India in English

Terrorist groups aim to create panic amid people. They intend to see people living in constant fear and for this purpose they carry out various big and small terrorist activities from time to time. There are around 100 terrorist cells operating in India and they have succeeded in creating an atmosphere of tension in the country. Numerous terrorist activities have been carried out by these terrorist groups. India has also been hit by terrorist acts done by its neighbouring countries mainly Pakistan.

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Chief Terrorist Groups Operating in India

Here are some of the chief terrorist groups operating in India:

• Jaish–e-Muhammad: This is a Pakistan based terrorist group operating in Jammu and Kashmir. It aims to occupy Jammu and Kashmir and has instigated several terrorist attacks in the valley to further their aim.
• Lashkar-e-Taiba (Let): This is an Islamist militant group which is operating in Pakistan and even in India’s Jammu and Kashmir region. It is said to be funded by Pakistan and is responsible for carrying out many massive terrorist attacks in India.
• Maoist: This terrorist group was created by merger of Naxalite groups after talks between leftist militants and Indian government broke in the year 2004.
• United Liberation Front of Assam (ULFA): This terrorist group is responsible for carrying out various terrorist activities in the Indian state of Assam.

The irony is that even though these terrorist groups take onus of the bomb blasts and other terrorist activities carried out by them, most of the times the government is not able to reach them and take the required action against them.

Also Check: Article on Terrorism

Causes of Terrorism in India

There are a number of causes of the wide spread terrorism in India. There are mainly four types of terrorism in India. This includes Religious Terrorism, Narco Terrorism, Left Wing Terrorism and Ethno-Nationalist Terrorism. While terrorists belonging to different terrorist cells may have come together for different causes, the main aim of all the terrorist cells running under them are same and that is to ensure widespread fear and panic among the general public.

Here are the main causes of terrorism in India:

India is a land of diverse religions. While people belonging to different religions largely live with peace and harmony in the country there are many religious extremists that aim to create a rift between them. These groups boast about the teachings of their religion and try to prove that it is superior to the others. Several violent movements carried out by these groups in the past have disrupted the peace and harmony of the country. Numerous people have been injured and several others have been killed in such outbreaks.

• Ethno-Nationalism

This type of terrorism is provoked by the extremist groups. It occurs when major part of the population of a state expresses the desire to break away and form their own separate state/ country. The Khalistan Movement in Punjab is one of the examples of this type of terrorism. The beautiful Indian state of Kashmir is also suffering because of this type of terrorism as certain Kashmiri Islamic groups want Kashmir to become a part of Pakistan. Similarly, Nagaland, Tripura, Assam and Tamil Nadu have also suffered due to this type of terrorism.

Also Check: Slogans on Terrorism

• Political Scenario

Dissatisfied with the political system of the country, certain terrorist groups are formed to threaten the government. Left wing extremists in India, known as Naxalites, have been invoked because of this. The Naxalites are highly disappointed with the political system in the country. They have carried out several terrorist attacks in the past and aim to overthrow the government with an armed revolution. They intend to bring their own kind of government.

• Socio-Economic Disparity

India is known for its socio-economic disparity. The rich in the country are getting richer and the poor are getting poorer day by day. This creates a sense of disparity among the poor class who join terrorist cells to destroy the upper class people. They mostly carry out terrorist attacks in posh localities and target celebrities and people in power.

Effects of Terrorism in India

Terrorism has caused a widespread impact on the country. Here is a look at the effects of terrorism in India:

• Panic among People

Terrorism in India has created panic among the general public. Every now and then there is a blast, firing or some other sort of terrorist activity in the country. Due to this, several people die untimely and many others are left handicapped for the rest of their lives. Each of these attacks causes an atmosphere of stress and anxiety among the general public. People fear to go out of their houses days after such attacks.

• Effect on Tourism Industry

People fear visiting the places that are prone to terrorist attacks. The tourism industry in India has suffered a great deal owing to the terrorist activities carried out by different terrorist groups within the country as well as those outside that threaten the peace of the country. The tourism industry particularly sees a deep for several months after the terrorist attacks.

Also Check: Speech on Terrorism

• Foreign Investment

Foreign investors think twice before investing in India and other nations prone to terrorism. This is because the risk involved is quite high. They look for safer alternatives. Indian businesses have suffered a great deal owing to this.

• Damaged Economy

Terrorism has had an adverse effect on India’s economy. Many Indian cities have been hit by major terrorist attacks that have led to a loss of property and businesses. The resurrection cost involved is quite high in such cases. The country’s wealth that can be used in productive tasks is invested in replenishing the loss caused by terrorist attacks. Besides, the dip in the tourism industry, the reluctance of foreign investors to invest in India and the rise in the rates of international trade that are all a result of terrorism in India, have had a major negative impact on the country’s economy.

• Brain Drain

Many talented youths in India do not want to live in the country anymore owing to the low quality of life and uncertainties caused by terrorism. They relocate to developed nations such as the United States, Canada and United Kingdom that are less prone to terrorist attacks and financially strong. Thus, the terrorist activities have also resulted in brain drain.

Global Terrorism

Terrorism is not just limited to India but is a global problem. The reasons for the formation of terrorist groups in different countries remain more or less the same as that in India. The reasons mainly include socio-economic disparity, discrimination/ alienation, dissatisfaction with the functioning of the ruling party, religious extremism and ethno nationalism.

Almost every country in this world is suffering from one or the other problems mentioned above and this has led to the formation of various terrorist cells within these countries. These terrorist cells carry out terrorist attacks within the country from time to time to create an atmosphere of fear among the general public. Rivalry among different countries gives rise to transnational terrorism. This rivalry or feeling of hatred may be caused due to difference in religious sentiments, economic disparity, lack of aid provided to developing nations and more. Attacks on India by Pakistan and Pakistan’s attack on various other nations are a clear example of transnational terrorism.

Countries such as Pakistan, Syria, India, Russia, Egypt, Iraq, Libya, Nigeria, Israel, Philippines, Colombia, Somalia, Thailand, Turkey, Yemen and Nepal have been hit by numerous terrorist attacks in the past two decades. They have suffered from both domestic as well as transnational attacks. The 9/11 incident that happened in the United States has been one of the most heinous and major terrorist attacks on a first world country.

Also Check: Speech on Global Terrorism

Terrorist Attacks in India

India has seen several terrorist attacks that have created major fear among the public and have caused mass destruction. Here are some of the major terrorist attacks that hit India in the last few years:

• 1991 Punjab Killings
• 1993 Bombay Bomb Blasts
• 1993 RSS Bombing in Chennai
• 2000 Church Bombing
• 2000 Red Fort Terrorist Attack
• 2001 Indian Parliament Attack
• 2002 Mumbai Bus Bombing
• 2002 Attack on Akshardham Temple
• 2003 Mumbai Bombing
• 2004 Dhemaji School Bombing in Assam
• 2005 Delhi Bombings
• 2005 Indian Institute of Science Shooting
• 2006 Varanasi Bombings
• 2006 Mumbai Train Bombings
• 2006 Malegaon Bombings
• 2007 Samjhauta Express Bombings
• 2007 Mecca Masjid Bombing
• 2007 Hyderabad Bombing
• 2007 Ajmer Dargah Bombing
• 2008 Jaipur Bombings
• 2008 Bangalore Serial Blasts
• 2008 Ahmedabad Bombings
• 2008 Delhi Bombings
• 2008 Mumbai Attacks
• 2010 Pune Bombing
• 2010 Varanasi Bombing
• 2011 Mumbai Bombing
• 2011 Delhi Bombing
• 2012 Pune Bombing
• 2013 Hyderabad Blasts
• 2013 Srinagar Attack
• 2013 Bodh Gaya Bombings
• 2013 Patna Bombings
• 2014 Chhattisgarh Attack
• 2014 Jharkhand Blast
• 2014 Chennai Train Bombing
• 2014 Assam Violence
• 2014 Church Street Bomb Blast, Bangalore
• 2015 Jammu Attack
• 2015 Gurdaspur Attack
• 2015 Pathankot Attack
• 2016 Uri Attack
• 2016 Baramulla Attack
• 2017 Bhopal Ujjain Passenger Train Bombing
• 2017 Amarnath Yatra Attack
• 2018 Sukma Attack

Also Check: Essay on Global Terrorism

Agencies Fighting Terrorism in India

Many police, intelligence and military organizations in India have formed special agencies to fight terrorism in the country.

• Anti Terrorism Squad (ATS)

Anti Terrorism Squad (ATS) operates in the Indian states of Maharashtra, Gujarat, Kerala, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Rajasthan. It is a special police force that has stopped many terrorist attacks in India. It has adopted various special tactics to bar terrorism.

• Research and Analysis Wing (RAW)

Established in the year 1968, RAW is the foreign intelligence agency of India. It is involved in neutralising terror elements that are a threat to the country, promoting counter proliferation and guarding India’s nuclear programme.

• National Investigation Agency (NIA)

This agency has been set up by the Government of India to fight terrorism in the country. It came into being after the unfortunate 2008 Mumbai terror attacks. It has been given the right to take action against terrorist groups/ activities occurring in any Indian state without seeking any special permission from the states.

India has adversely been affected by terrorism. It is sad to see thousands of innocent lives gone because of terrorist attacks. Despite the formation of anti-terrorist agencies and their high end strategies, the terrorist groups still succeed in carrying out terrorist activities.

The Indian government’s response to terrorist attacks has never been as stern as it should be. It lacks proper strategic response to the terrorist activities and this encourages the terrorist cells to carry out such activities fearlessly.

Essay on Terrorism in India FAQs

What is the problem of terrorism in india.

Terrorism in India involves violent acts targeting civilians or property, causing fear and instability.

What is the rank of India in terrorism?

India has faced various terrorist incidents but ranking varies based on different assessments.

Which agency is against terrorism in India?

Several agencies like National Security Guard (NSG), National Investigation Agency (NIA), and state police forces work against terrorism in India.

What is a short note on terrorism?

Terrorism involves using violence or threats to create fear for political or ideological aims.

What is terrorism in India essay?

Terrorism in India refers to acts of violence causing harm, fear, and disruption to achieve certain goals or ideologies.

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Nontraditional Security Concerns in India pp 53–73 Cite as

Cyber Terrorism: A Growing Threat to India’s Cyber Security

• Shalini Prasad 3 &
• Abhay Kumar 4  
• First Online: 02 April 2022

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The chapter draws attention to cyber threats, which endanger the safety of modern states, organisations and international relations. It explains the concept of cyber terrorism and what are the various dangers and challenges posed by cyber terrorism specifically for India’s national security? It further examines the various initiatives commenced by the Indian government to counter cyber terrorism both at the state and global level? The first part of the research aims to understand the concepts and meaning of cyber terrorism and delineate it from other terms like cybercrime, cyber-attacks, etc. Further, it will identify the people involved in these types of activities and what are the motives and intentions to carry out cyber terrorist’s attacks. The study also investigates the adverse impact of cyber terrorism on the national security of India. It describes various types of threats and challenges that India’s cybersecurity has been facing or is likely to be in the future. It tried to dig out the options about how cyber terrorism might become a bigger menace in the future which could threaten India’s security. And in the last part, it will evaluate several measures, initiatives adopted by the Indian government to counter cyber terrorism at national and as well as at the international level. It will underline the evolution of the cybersecurity policy in India. The study proceeds by critically analysing various policies that the Indian government has devised over the years as a response to counter these threats and challenges. At the national level, what are the several policies and acts that have been initiated and to what extent these initiatives have been able to counter cyber terrorism? It will identify its inadequacies as well as its prospects. At the international level, India is actively cooperating with other states like the United States, and international organisation like United Nations to tackle cyber terrorism. Lastly, the research will try to identify cyber threats and assess various policies, initiatives and international cooperation.

• Cyber terrorism
• Cyber crime
• Cyber Security
• Information technology

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Prasad, S., Kumar, A. (2022). Cyber Terrorism: A Growing Threat to India’s Cyber Security. In: Singh, S.K., Singh, S.P. (eds) Nontraditional Security Concerns in India. Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3735-3_4

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The Sunday Read: ‘What Deathbed Visions Teach Us About Living’

Researchers are documenting a phenomenon that seems to help the dying, as well as those they leave behind..

By Phoebe Zerwick

Read by Samantha Desz

Produced by Jack D’Isidoro and Aaron Esposito

Narration produced by Anna Diamond and Emma Kehlbeck

Original music by Aaron Esposito

Engineered by Sophia Lanman and Sharon Kearney

Listen and follow The Daily Apple Podcasts | Spotify

Chris Kerr was 12 when he first observed a deathbed vision. His memory of that summer in 1974 is blurred, but not the sense of mystery he felt at the bedside of his dying father. Throughout Kerr’s childhood in Toronto, his father, a surgeon, was too busy to spend much time with his son, except for an annual fishing trip they took, just the two of them, to the Canadian wilderness. Gaunt and weakened by cancer at 42, his father reached for the buttons on Kerr’s shirt, fiddled with them and said something about getting ready to catch the plane to their cabin in the woods. “I knew intuitively, I knew wherever he was, must be a good place because we were going fishing,” Kerr told me.

Kerr now calls what he witnessed an end-of-life vision. His father wasn’t delusional, he believes. His mind was taking him to a time and place where he and his son could be together, in the wilds of northern Canada.

Kerr followed his father into medicine, and in the last 10 years he has hired a permanent research team that expanded studies on deathbed visions to include interviews with patients receiving hospice care at home and with their families, deepening researchers’ understanding of the variety and profundity of these visions.

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Additional production for The Sunday Read was contributed by Isabella Anderson, Anna Diamond, Sarah Diamond, Elena Hecht, Emma Kehlbeck, Tanya Pérez and Krish Seenivasan.

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