ib world studies extended essay

IB World Studies EE examples

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Extended Essay: World Studies EE's

• General Timeline
• Group 1: English Language and Literature
• Group 2: Language Acquisition
• Group 3: Individuals and Societies
• Group 4: Sciences
• Group 5: Mathematics
• Group 6: The Arts
• Interdisciplinary essays
• Brainstorming
• Pre-Writing
• Research Techniques
• The Research Question
• Paraphrasing, Summarising and Quotations
• Writing an EE Introduction
• Writing the main body of your EE
• Writing your EE Conclusion
• Six sub-categories for WSEE
• IB Interdisciplinary EE Assessment Guide
• Sources: Finding, Organising and Evaluating Them
• Conducting Interviews and Surveys
• Citing and Referencing
• Check-in Sessions
• First Formal Reflection
• Second Formal Reflection
• Final Reflection (Viva Voce)
• Researcher's Reflection Space (RRS) Examples
• Information for Supervisors
• How is the EE Graded?
• EE Online Resources
• Stavanger Public Library
• Exemplar Essays
• Extended Essay Presentations
• ISS High School Academic Honesty Policy

Everything you need to know about the WSEE

The chosen topic for the World Studies Extended Essay (WSEE) must address both a local and a global issue of significance, and invite an interdisciplinary approach, meaning that two approved IB subjects should be used as an interdisciplinary critical lens to answer the research question. The most successful topics reveal connections between specific and/or local places, people, phenomena or experiences, and the larger global framework in which they take place (IBO 2010). 

Interdisciplinary research

• Global issues often invite an interdisciplinary approach.
• Different individuals and groups bring different perspectives, areas of expertise, and interests to the same topic. 
• Spending time thinking about an issue and exploring a wide variety of sources will provide a deeper and richer research experience. 
• In a WSEE, crafting a research question does not begin with the subject, but with the issue. 

World Studies Extended Essays MUST fall within one of the following six categories:

• Science, technology and society
• Culture, language and identity
• Conflict, peace and security
• Equality and inequality
• Health and development
• Environmental and/or economic sustainability

Click here to learn more about the WSEE sub-categories. 

From the ib:, introduction to the world studies extended essay (wsee).

The WSEE invites students to conduct an in-depth,  interdisciplinary  investigation into an issue of contemporary global importance (maximum 4,000 words). 

Here are some examples of potential topics include:

Interdisciplinary approach

The perspective of just one subject may not be adequate to address complex issues like those in the list above. The WSEE therefore requires students to bring together aspects of different disciplines to illuminate their chosen topic. 

Students should use two Diploma Programme subjects. It is strongly recommended that students are undertaking a course of study in at least one of the subjects chosen for their essay.

Students are not expected to address the topic in its full complexity, but should aim to generate understandings that are new to them. 

The aims of the WSEE are to enable students to:

• frame and understand complex contemporary world problems for in-depth study
• gather and synthesize insights from two different disciplines to better understand the issue 
• develop global consciousness—a disposition to recognize and understand local and global relationships in dynamic interaction 
• view themselves as interpreters of and actors in an increasingly interconnected world.

Students are encouraged to focus on just  one or two contexts  in some depth, for example: 

• The student examines two geographical case studies to explore whether religious beliefs affect attitudes towards HIV/AIDS in Oslo and Mombasa. 
• The student examines one or two events to evaluate relief efforts after natural disasters, and suggests ways to make these more responsive. 
• The student examines one or two interventions to investigate what determines the success or failure of sanctions imposed by the United Nations. 

Students can refer to other places and events beyond the primary context(s) when relevant to the argument. In fact, the IB encourages this as it displays global consciousness. However, a detailed contextualized study of these additional cases is impossible within the 4,000-word limit.

WSEE Examiners follow special guidelines that are specific to interdisciplinary essays.  Click  here  to view a pdf of the published IB page that outlines these specific guidelines.  

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IB World Study Extended Essay: Global Themes And Topics

by  Antony W

January 14, 2023

This is a complete guide to the IB World Extended Essay.

In this post, you’ll learn what World Study Extended Essay is, the right disciplinary approach to take, example topics, as well as how to write the essay. Our goal in this guide is to equip you with the knowledge necessary to get full marks in your World Study Extended Essay.

What is IB World Study Extended Essay?

The IB World History Extended Essay requires you to conduct a detailed investigation into an issue of global significance. The essay must be 4,000 words long and meet all the IB Extended Essay requirements .

World Study Extended Essay requires you to focus on one or two contexts, and you have to examine with great depth.

Since the interdisciplinary investigation addresses complex issues such as migration, global health crisis, global financial crisis, and infringement on human rights, you need to bring together aspects of a number of disciplines to address your topic.

Instructions given by the IB Program requires that you use two subjects in your WSEE investigation. Given the flexibility of the subject, you don’t have to address the topic in full complexity . Instead, aim to demonstrate knowledge that’s new to you.

A comprehensive World Study Extended Essay should be:

• Integrative: It should bring together forms of communication, concepts, and methods from two or more subjects.
• Purposeful: Your World Study Essay should either connect different disciplines to solve real world problems or help to address more complex issues in a new way.
• Grounded: The Extended Essay should demonstrate a clear rooting in disciplinary knowledge and understanding.

The Right Approach to World Study Extended Essay

Pick a theme from the six global themes in World Study Extended Essay and then find a topic that fits a general research area.

Select two of the most suitable disciplines, such as Biology and Economics. You will need these to explore your research topic.

Develop possible research questions and identify possible sources of relevant data. Your goal here is to determine if there are enough sources that allow you to explore the research your research question.

IB Extended Essay Example Topics

The following are some examples of potential topics that you can cover in your World Study Extended Essay:

• Worldwide financial crisis
• Global health concerns
• Disaster rehabilitation and relief
• Energy migration
• Infringement on human right
• Disadvantaged groups
• Civil unrest and protest

Global Themes in Word Study Extended Essay

There are six global themes in World Study Extended Essay.

• Conflict, peace, and security
• Culture, language, and identity
• Environmental and/or economic sustainability
• Equality and inequality
• Health and development
• Science, technology and society

How to Write a World Study Extended Essay

Before you start writing a World Study Extended Essay, make sure the topic you intend to investigate and the arguments you’ll present are of global significance. Issues such as energy security, cultural exchange, racism, malnutrition, and globalization are some of the most interesting topics linked to the six global themes in WSEE.

Step 1:  Choose a Topic and Develop Your Research Question  

The topic you choose to explore should be an issue you are passionate about in the context of World Study Extended Essay.

It can also be about an interesting subject you’ve read lately or a topic you’re willing to investigate extensively.

Research the topic. Look through a variety of sources to find as many ideas and scope for your research as possible. Share your ideas with your EE supervisor, and don’t hesitate to ask them for advice.

Using the topic you’ve selected, develop a relevant research question for your investigation. Don’t worry if you don’t get the best research question right away. Look at your topic, write as many draft research questions as possible, and then pick one that makes the most sense.

Regardless of how many times you tweak your research question, it must reflect the contexts of what you’ll be investigating. So it helps to make sure your RQ is not only specific but also straight to the point.

Step 2: Choose 2 IB Subjects

Depending on the topic you choose to explore in your interdisciplinary investigation, your supervisor expects you to choose two IB subjects with a close correlation.

Say you choose to explore an issue on maternal malnutrition . In such a case, Biology and Economics would be the most suitable subjects to choose. Biology is a good fit because it’s a subject that allows you to explore nutrition and its impact on the development of the fetus. Economics, on the other hand, allows you to examine whether the lack of enough funding contributes to maternal malnutrition.

Look at the topic and the research question you selected in the first step and use them to select the most appropriate IB subjects. The subject you choose must be in the IB curriculum. Again, you can pick a topic from SL (Standard Level) or HL (Higher Level) in IB.

If you feel confused about what subjects would be suitable for your topic, don’t hesitate to consult your supervisor.

Step 3: Research the Topic

This is an important step in your World Study Extended Essay investigation. Because you’ll use the internet for your research, get information from reliable and trustworthy sources such as government websites, university repositories, research articles, and academic journals.

Look for relevant books from the local libraries for additional information. Many of these books have references in the bibliographies of many college and university papers, so they can be useful for your Extended Essay.

If your school allows, you can ask your supervisor to look into the sources you have selected and advice you whether they would be suitable for your interdisciplinary investigation.

Step 4: Write Your World Study Extended Essay

Writing your World Study Extended Essay shouldn’t be hard if you have done your research well.

Just like other types of Extended Essays , your WSEE should have an introduction, a body section, and a conclusion.

In the introduction, explain you chose to investigate the topic and state why you have a strong conviction that it’s the best topic to explore. State your research question, mention the scope of the essay in relation to the two subjects (picked in step 2), and explain how the subjects will help you answer the research question.

Follow this with an abstract. The word limit is 300, so you don’t have the space to include irrelevant information in the document. The information you include should be clear, concise, and direct to the point.

Write the body section of the essay well. Here, provide as much relevant information as possible to answer your research question. Write a strong conclusion, which should tie everything you have written in the body section.

About the author 

Antony W is a professional writer and coach at Help for Assessment. He spends countless hours every day researching and writing great content filled with expert advice on how to write engaging essays, research papers, and assignments.

IBDP Environmental Systems & Societies

Website by Zoe Badcock & Laura Hamilton

Updated 31 March 2024

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• Sample Extended Essay - World Studies - ESS & DT
• IB Core and Philosophy
• Extended Essay

Sample Extended Essay - World Studies - ESS and Design Technology

This was an interesting first for me. The student is a passionate advocate for sustainable design and wanted to combine her interests in ESS (sustaibability) with an analysis of a new product design from Adidas that used plastic collected from the ocean. She wanted to examine whether this was a good example of circular economy principles or a bit of greenwashing. The essay was submitted for the 2018 session and so follows the latest extended essay criteria and formatting. It scored a B.

How the essay Scored

Creiterion A Focus and Method: 5/6

Criterion B Knowledge and Understanding: 5/6

Criterion C Critical Thinking: 4/12

Criterion D Presentation: 3/4

Criterion E Engagement 4/6 (See Reflections)

Examining Notes

Criterion a.

The examiner wondered how "extent" to which the design and production of a "model example" would be judged. This clearly signals that the examiner does not want a philosophical RQ here but one that can be measured and answered.

The examiner thought the method of investigation was not fully explained but that the essay did make a clear attempt to justify global and local issues.

They liked the fact that the thesis is clearly set out at the start of the essay.

Criterion B

The essay displays good knowledge and understand.

Criterion C

The examiner highlighted areas where there was source analysis and liked the fact that the essay laid out detailed background information that sets the scene for the analysis but they thought that large parts were descriptive rather than analytical. The inclusion of grades of PET did not seem to be relevant to the shoes. Any "sweeping statements" such as "put a stop to ocean pollution" were picked up. They thought that parts were not focused upon the question at all.

They wanted to see the candidate comment upon whether the collaboration had been successful, whether the aims had been met, if the shoes were actually sustainable. They felt the conclusion did not make sense.

Criterion D

The examiner picked up on when there were tiny changes in the font or formatting. They also found a part of the essay which is a small repeated section.

Criterion E

There is no feedback on the reflections but to score in the top mark band candidates need to show what action they took when they made a reflection. How did they move to overcome challenges.

Implementation of recycled ocean plastic in product design involving Adidas

To what extent is the design and production of the adidas x parley ultraboost shoe a model of successful implementation of a new circular economy.

World Studies: Environmental & Visual Arts

Word count: 3997

1.Introduction

Through research into the use of recycled materials in industrial design, I have become aware of the importance towards a new circular economy to tackle the depletion of resources and plastic pollution. The new circular economy represents a circular approach towards resource and solid domestic waste management where materials and fuels are regenerated and recycled (Ellen Macarthur Foundation, 2011). My focus lies with a case study about the use of plastics retrieved from the ocean, by the Parley organization, in sustainably designed Adidas Ultraboosts seen in Figure 1. Parley for the Oceans is a non-profit organization in charge of tackling major threats to the oceans through the application of artistic measures involving  artists, designers or even filmmakers to make use of the problem (Parley, n.d.). Specifically, Parley has collected plastic from the oceans and collaborated with designer Stella McCartney at Adidas to create designs using the recycled material. Thus, exploring the implementation of a new circular economy, and the extent to which it is successful through the design and production of this Ultra boost.

Figure 1 Adidas X Parley Ultraboost From (Mar.Ex, 2016)

This topic is worthy of study as it not only concerns the influence that plastic has on the environment but the relevance of sustainability in design production towards tackling resource depletion. The exploration focuses on a World Studies approach regarding the subject areas of  Environmental Systems and Societies in combination with Design Technology. These two areas are suitable for analyzing the case study at full potential seeing there is space for research about the environmental impacts in combination with design production process. My personal interest lies in product design, as well as the outlook of resource choice and use, therefore I am drawn to investigating solutions that may generate large change in the sustainability of the design industry. Sustainability is defined by the natural replacement and recovery of resources used and managed within production (International Baccalaureate Organization, 2015). It is relevant for the coming generation of designers to introduce new possibilities for textile and considerations aimed at sustainability by foreseeing management of further material use and focus on product life. Looking through this case study I have elected to pose the following question of ‘ To what extent is the design and production of the Adidas X Parley Ultraboost shoe a model of successful implementation of a new circular economy”. Therefore, my research is aimed at unpacking the circular economy along with the design cycle of this collaboration looking at the global issue and implications of the product manufacture. Through analyzing the process of this partnership I hope to provide evidence that the Parley collaboration with Adidas is a model of successful implementation to a new circular economy.

2. Resources in the design industry

In order to explore the roots of a successful new circular economy, it is essential to discuss the efficiency of society’s current trends. The design industry has an abundance of resources and a vast variation in materials in which designers are able to integrate into their products. Within the industrial design industry, designers attempt to find materials which grant advantage to their products in such a competitive market therefore strongly considering consumer taste without considering environmental impact. The resources available, however, are not infinite and there is limitation to the extent in which designers can be dependent of those materials in their designs. Looking at this infographic in Figure 2 we are provided with data to understand the limit on resource use.

Figure 2: Infographic on Remaining World Supplies (Zagami, 2012)

The infographic represents the years left for non-renewable resources, including ecosystems, fossil fuels and minerals, at the current rate of world consumption from 2012. Figure 1 shows that Zagami separates the resources into minerals – materials for production, fossil fuels – those burned for energy in production, and ecosystems – where the materials used for production are grown. By showing us that we are losing the resources it creates a shock factor and a sense of fear. Fear derives from the fact that the depletion of these non-renewable resources is inevitable. Yet, the chart is created emphasizing that the trend comes from a “current trend of consumption” (Zagami, 2012) which grants hope to our generation of a chance at preserving these materials or developing alternatives to consumption trends in the future. In addition, it triggers further reflection on the nature of social and political will to preserve resources for future generations thought of the preservation since there is an inevitability in the decline of these materials in which case considers concepts such as the reuse of these factored into the design process. The reasoning behind the depletion is the concept of a linear economy where humans take the resources, use them and then dispose of them. Since humans take this approach there is huge increase in solid domestic waste of materials which are non biodegradable causing long term negative impacts on the environment (Ellen Macarthur Foundation, 2011). In continuation of the linear economy we will face a tipping point (being minimal change causing to destabilize a current system towards a new equilibrium, thus causing for the positive feedback loops to become more catastrophic (International Baccalaureate Organization, 2015)). By looking at societies linear approach to resource use,  it is essential to understand that changing the behavior of consumers through further sustainable implementation this concept is the basis in achieving a successful new circular economy.

As a result of this, the flow of materials would mimic the system of the living world of regeneration leading to a new circular economy seen in Figure 3.

Figure 3 Circular Economy diagram ("Circular Economy," n.d.).

Figure 3 demonstrates the different principles under a circular economy in order to protect the limited environment. Referring to Figure 3, principle 1 involves controlling the use of resources such as finite materials and stocks as well as including non renewable energy source, together with the idea that these resources undertake cycles to reach highest utility through optimization. This is done through manufactures and consumers recycling, reusing and regeneration of the resources followed by carefully executed plans to tackle the negative externalities in their disposal and cause a minimized effect on the environment.  

All of the principles mentioned occur through alternations in human activity such as education, government regulations and laws as well as organizational work.

The diagram referred to in Figure 3 is located on the Ellen Macarthur Foundation page which is responsible for the introduction to the circular economy. Ellen Macarthur (2015) came to a realization through sailing the world that fuels  and materials were finite and the exponential increase in use due to declines of commodity prices have caused for flaws in the current linear system. While developing the new plastic economy it was clear that reducing consumption was not enough to save the environments resources therefore adapted to an economy where such a complex systems could minimize waste by recovering and remanufacturing materials (D. E. Macarthur, lecture, March, 2015).

Even if designers are not dominant over the government and multinationals who control the resource availability in a county, the movement of designers in the market can highly affect the demand of certain resources in an economy. In theory, once designers begin to think about the bigger issues on a global scale to do with material implementation and use, in time the resources will be protected since there will be less incentive to use these materials. The booming consumption of such materials in design is the major source to their reduction so, by changing current habits beginning on a small scale through human and government action can change the fate of resource management and solid domestic waste. The concept of regeneration is essential to designers to adapt to solution which will support the design industry once further depletion occurs. Thus, referring back towards the potential through changing the use of resources in production to implement a successful model of a new circular economy. 

Plastics have been used continuously in recent history within industrial design in most everyday items. During the Industrial Revolution, the first forms of plastic started in decorative items in the nineteenth century followed by an acceleration in the mass production of the material around the 1940s and its development over time (Freinkel, 2011).  Plastic consists of a wide range of synthetic organic compounds in which result in negative externalities to the environment involving the degrading of chemicals (Thompson, Moore, Vom Saal, & Swan, 2009). A material that was revolutionary towards creating new products, also including infrastructure, automobiles, and tackled the problems that natural materials came with. The implementation of the material was cheap and became an efficient alternative in design due to its malleable structure and durability (Freinkel, 2011).  There are 7 main groupings of plastic consisting of PET, HDPE, PVC, LDPE, PP, PS all of which have various properties for different applications (Eartheasy.com, 2012). Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET)  is most commonly recycled and reuses although regeneration is necessary since the toxins can become harmful to consumers after primary use (Eartheasy.com, 2012). PET is also responsible for the majority of single use packaging – being a large part of plastic use in society (Eartheasy.com, 2012).

Here is a study by Ahmad Shakeradekani and Roselina Karim focusing on pistachio packaging and the efficiency of different plastic while measuring the effects on the moisture and aflatoxin levels of the nuts.

Figure 4: Results measuring effectiveness of different kinds of plastics in packaging (Shakerardekani & Karim, 2012, p.2).

The results in Figure 4 (2012) concluded that PET resulted in the lowest moisture content and aflatoxin levels before reaching the maximum level 10ppb (maximum aflatoxin level) therefore increasing shelf life of the product for over 5 – 6 months, more than any other plastic. This finding is important in understanding the tense and flexible properties of the exponentially used PET in order to understand the efficiency of the product life and various conditions including high humidity that it may survive under (Shakeradekani & Karim, 2012, p.3)

Controversially, Cyrill Gutsch – founder of Parley for the Oceans- claims, “Plastic is a design failure” (Howarth, 2016). Plastic is a non-point source of solid domestic waste that has been consistently used within the industry yet will ultimately be the reasoning behind the downfall of society. Plastic is a material that although appears cost effective and functionally efficient, disrupts the nature of the design cycle as it holds an afterlife of which the chemical composition has damaging effects in the disposal process. According to Mckie (2016), human activities involving plastic are having a major impact on the world since the disposal is causing lasting effects to environment considering its persistent nature disables the process of biodegrading. Parley is an organization created in aim to protect oceans and prevent this chronic pollution through public collaborations by tackling the collection of the pollutants, integration of innovation and the creation of public campaigns to protect the oceans (Parley, n.d.). Yet, plastic is what fuels the need for Parley to remain active as the continuous pollution of these products is what damages our oceans and the lack of innovation for recycling plastic reflects the global issue. Thus, making collaborations such as Adidas X Parley models a new circular economy since the collection of plastic allows for the material to be remade safely to fit our society again (Parley, n.d.).

 4. The Design Cycle

Figure 5 Representing the different stages of the design cycle Retrieved from ("What We Do," n.d.)

The design cycle consists in the reasoning behind intentions of product life. Including, ergonomic and ecological applications towards their audience since products tend to be results of communal needs. The beginning to the design cycle, according to Figure 3, retrieved from Green Heart Global, comes from the product concept followed by the analysis of environmental and material issues. The considerate selection of materials supports the thought process behind the production and the means of which the product will be made. Differently from simply searching for design opportunities, this cycle reflects a new circular economy by considering the environmental impact of production and the nature of the product. Once the product is manufactured, producers then contemplate the method of selling 

including packaging and the availability of the product in the market according to price, load and accessibility. The design cycle does not only regard the making and distribution of the product yet also the afterlife consisting of its disposal or reuse seen in Figure 3. This entire process sums up the thinking behind the creation of a new product, and the ways in which the cycle can manipulate results in how the product will succeed in society depending on its’ social and environmental impacts.

Relating the design cycle to my case study of Adidas collaboration with Parley, the consideration of both environmental and social impacts played a large role in the thought process behind the making of the products (Blaustein, 2015). The collaboration provides a green solution to both factors seeing that the highly recognized fashion brand have used their reach to promote this product which reflects success towards modelling a sustainable circular approach.

5. The Problem: Ocean Pollution

The major concept behind the Adidas x Parley collaboration was to put a stop to ocean pollution. Pollution results in substances from human activity entering the environment at a rate faster than the resilience of the ecosystem therefore rendering harmful to organisms (International Baccalaureate Organization, 2015). Ocean pollution is one of the many problems we face as a society in the world today with mass production and industries. The major causes for ocean pollution consist of the release of toxic chemicals through industries and runoff into the ocean, oil spills and littering ("Various Causes," n.d.). Looking at the  proportion of plastic included in littering, approximately 8 million tons pollute the oceans each year since plastic production and use has increased exponentially over the years due to the flexible properties and cheap implementation of the resource (Plastic Oceans). This yet allows for quick disposable and single use packaging, including plastic bottles and plastic bags, therefore responsible for 40% of the litter in the ocean (Plastic Oceans). This is proven, for instance, with the case study of Capt Charles Moore in the South Pacific discovering large surface area of 965’000 square miles covered with plastic debris, concluding in immense harm to marine food chains in deep oceans as well as coastlines (Brassey, 2017).

Figure 6 Microplastic harmful to marine life (Brassey, 2017)

Thus, the pollution by plastic in the oceans causes harm on our ecosystems, economy and human health. With a physical presence of micro plastic, seen in Figure 6,  in the oceans it is bound to complicate the ecosystem behavior as the life interacts with the plastic it either consumes it or is found entangled in it (Smith, 2017). By consuming the plastic, such as plastic bags or even the chemicals, it not only directly injures the species yet it results in the destruction of food chains since chemicals get passed on to direct as well as small scale collision of the animal and plastic causes for serious damage impacting the food chain furthermore through biomagnification (Smith, 2017). Differently, plastic contaminates the water with organic pollutants such as DDT which affects the surrounding seawater (Smith, 2017)

With contaminated waters inducing problems in our human society through health, the pollution of plastic in the oceans may also affects the economy (Lytle, 2017).  The management of such pollution requires increased expenditure for cleanup as well as the loss of income for citizens in coastal communities and the contaminated waters cause a fall in marine life therefore damaging fish farming results or coastal agriculture in coastal pollution (Lytle, 2017).

The extraction happens involving a variety of solutions to reducing plastics from the ocean with new technology. The Ocean Cleanup, for example, is an organization has created an autonomous and energy neutral polyethylene floater which acts to catch and concentrate the plastic before it gets carried away in the current (“The Ocean,”, n.d.).  However,  Parleys association with Global Clean up Network aims to not only reduce the impact yet to educate, create awareness and carry out research for the future resource use (Parley, n.d.).

To conclude, the pollution of plastic results in damage largely in ecosystems, human health and the economy thus proving the linear economy ineffective. Through a change in behavior in design production towards a circular economy, such as Parley, the collaboration deems a successful example.

While organizations such as The Ocean Cleanup rely on large systems to extract the plastics, they don’t require external sources for energy to run since they depend on renewable energy sources such as ocean currents for movement and solar energy for any minor electronics in use (“The Ocean Cleanup”, n.d.). Furthermore, while Parley is not yet associated with The Ocean Cleanup, they rely on pollution management strategies which don’t require any forms of energy sources rather simply collaborations of worldwide volunteers which make up the Global Clean up Network (Parley, n.d.). Volunteers collect washed up plastic from their coastline, use fishing boats to retrieve forgotten nets, educate themselves all for the implementation of Parleys A.I.R strategy consisting of avoiding, intercepting and redesigning the pollutant.

When it comes to energy based in remanufacturing the plastics into safer materials through green chemistry, Dow chemicals was able to regenerate energy through the incineration of these plastics which minimizes the need for natural gases and fossil fuels (Hepler, 2016).

Hence, striving towards an efficacious circular economy using renewable approaches in the design production.  Parley believes in the creation of a safer material from the ocean plastic by making them less toxic to the environment. This is where the organization introduces green chemistry in their opportunity for growth in a sustainable future (Hepler, 2016). Green chemistry includes the aim of making materials more environmentally friendly than their existing alternatives while tackles the cost as it is more economically viable and functionally equivalent than the original material (Hepler, 2016). The goal is towards pollution prevention through the design of less hazardous synthesis of safer chemicals and a harmless catalysis thus reflecting on the concept of efficient reuse of materials.

7. Collaboration

The newly developed plastic was to be integrated into the fashion industry at the world known brand of Adidas . The German brand founded in 1949 has expanded becoming highly acknowledged worldwide, therefore aim to continue innovation throughout the years to suit their wide audience and their desires (“History”, 2014). The collaboration consists of Parley providing Adidas with an environmentally friendly alternative design proposal to their existing products. Eric Liedtke (2016) the Group Executive Board member Of Adidas describes the values of the company as “Through sport we have the power to change lives” which justifies the approach towards a collaboration with an organization like Parley. The partnerships involves a design mandate being introduced so the footprint is reduced. “Sustainability is good business” Liedtke (2016) says as the collaboration takes place. By aligning Adidas’s core beliefs of sustainable innovation the brand is able to engage with clients about the effects of a new circular approach to resource use in design which spreads word of this implementation.

8. The Product

The focus began ultimately in the Adidas shoe department when Parley X Ultra boost was released. Before the collaboration, Adidas approached a younger generation of clients through the fashion trend of Ultra boost sneakers. The sneakers are the new elastic fit and mimics individual forms since the Primeknit elasticity provides breathability offering energy return with each movement (“Adidas Unveils,”n.d.).

In order to successfully start a movement, the newfound plastics merged into a Stella McCartney design (Morby, 2017) such as of the previous Ultra boost and the controlled release. The trainers release happened on World Oceans Day in 2016 where 50 shoes were released to those who won a competition on their Instagram page. The participation required a video to be submitted online proving the user’s involvement in protecting the environment with determination to end plastic use in products by discussing their appreciation of the oceans and pledge to fight ocean pollution. On this release there was a limited selection of sales and quantity of product yet the brand planned to make more and in 2017 one million pairs of shoes were released where they currently sell for $200 a pair (MarEx, 2016). The cost of the shoe is solely based of the expensive buildup of the design keeps profit to the organization for further use in their projects with regenerated plastic reflecting a circular approach. 

9. The Impact

The collaboration mirrors the new circular in aim to hold environmental goals for their future in Adidas by reducing harmful production in limiting to energy efficient material in 3D design. This makes even the disposal of their products have a better effect on our environment reflecting the circular approach. Hence, the integration of such a plastic holds a message in its publicity that will model the sustainable movement towards a circular economy. Through educating consumers, it indirectly benefits the environment affecting society’s behavior towards consumption.

The new philosophy introduced to consumption provides higher incentive to increasing awareness of the problems concerning our environment and make careful considerations of the way society manages products to adapt to a circular economy. As for designers, this collaboration holds large potential for future partnerships involving the new plastic textile given the chance to integrate this material into a larger variation of products as well as continue research for other functional opportunities of recycled plastic.

However, one can argue that the large publicity of the collaboration has generated debate about opportunities for public relations stunts as Adidas is not part of the Ellen Macarthur Foundation partnership. Similarly, the Ultraboost shoe continues to be largely expensive while the other ocean plastic products are more affordable shows as if the shoe is only available to those who can afford them at this cost. The availability doesn’t comply with the philosophy that the company preaches to integrate the recycled material fully within their products thus proving limitations to how successful this collaboration is for a new circular economy.

10 Conclusion

To conclude, Parleys collaboration with Adidas moves towards a successful model seeing that it has created a clear innovative path for the future for designers as well as the consumers. By critiquing the viability of regenerated plastic and renewable energy sources in production, it is a feasible approach to entering a new circular economy. Consumers are compelled to follow the sustainable movement started with the publicity from Parley X Adidas having decided to tackle ocean pollution and deemed opportunity to change the way consumers thought about their purchases. While publicity was arguable, it was essential in bringing awareness to the failing nature of plastic in design leading both consumers and designers to avoid virgin plastic. Since the research on the collaboration was indefinite and through the lack of research of pollution costs in the process, it is difficult to know whether the collaboration truly proves successful. Yet by researching the involvement of largely influential companies it brings potential approach to modelling a new circular economy in the long term. A future for Parley collaborations include Corona X Parley which is set to generate profit to carry out a clean up of 100 islands by 2020 (Luciana, 2017 and the creation of football jerseys which will be worn by Real Madrid in LaLiga and Bayern Munich in Bundesliga as marketing strategies for this new circular economy (Arrowsmith, 2016). A few unresolved question are held in whether there has any difference in using virgin plastic against recycled plastic during the design process of the shoe.  Overall, the success of the collaboration as a model to a circular economy depends on the outlook of plastic use and the movement to be triggered towards the end of virgin plastic as a whole. 

Adidas unveils ultra boost with highest energy return yet. (n.d.). Adidas News Stream . Retrieved from http://news.adidas.com/us/Latest-News/adidas-Unveils-Ultra-BOOST-with-Highest-Energy-Return-Yet/s/8c8dac9b-42e8-4be3-ba8c-d75aedb1cbdb

Arrowsmith, R. (2016, November 4). Real madrid and bayern munich to wear specially designed one-off kits made from recycled ocean plastic [Newsgroup post]. Retrieved from Daily Mail website: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/football/article-3904666/Real-Madrid-Bayern-Munich-wear-kits-Parley-recycled-ocean-plastic-one-games.html

Blaustein, L. (2015, July 24). How adidas is pioneering open-source sustainability for sports [Newsgroup post]. Retrieved from GreenBiz website: https://www.greenbiz.com/article/how-adidas-pioneering-open-source-sustainability-sports

Brassey, C., Dr. (2017, July 16). A mission to the pacific plastic patch. BBC . Retrieved from http://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-40584629

Circular economy system diagram. (n.d.). Retrieved October 22, 2017, from https://www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/circular-economy/interactive-diagram

Eartheasy.com. (2012, May 2). Plastic by the numbers [Blog post]. Retrieved from Eartheasy website: http://learn.eartheasy.com/2012/05/plastics-by-the-numbers/

Ellen Macarthur Foundation. (2011, August 28). Re-thinking progress: The circular economy [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=51&v=zCRKvDyyHmI

Freinkel, S. (2011, May 29). A brief history of plastic's conquest of the world [Newsgroup post]. Retrieved from Scientific American website: https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/a-brief-history-of-plastic-world-conquest/

Hepler, L. (2016, February 9). The real key to remaking manufacturing: Chemistry [Newsgroup post]. Retrieved from GreenBiz website: https://www.greenbiz.com/article/real-key-remaking-manufacturing-chemistry

History. (2014, May 7). Retrieved October 4, 2017, from https://www.adidas-group.com/en/group/history/

Howarth, D. (2016, June 8). "Plastic is a design failure" says parley for the oceans founder [Newsgroup post]. Retrieved from Dezeen website: https://www.dezeen.com/2016/06/08/cyrill-gutsch-interview-parley-for-the-oceans-founder-ocean-plastic/

International Baccalaureate Organization. (2015). Environmental systems and societies guide: IB diploma programme . Interantional Baccalaureate Organization.

Lefort, C. (2016, May 30). A way to save the worlds oceans [Newsgroup post]. Retrieved from Billionaire website: http://www.billionaire.com/philanthropy/environment/2463/a-way-to-save-the-worlds-oceans

Liedtke, E., & Gutsch, C. (Presenters). (2016). Strategic sustainability . Speech presented at New York Times | International Luxury Conference, .

Luciana. (2017, May 18). Corona x parley: 100 islands protected by 2020 [Blog post]. Retrieved from WordPress website: http://diegoluna.net/corona-x-parley-100-islands-protected-by-2020/

Lytle, C. L. G. (2017, January). When the mermaids cry: The great plastic tide [Online forum post]. Retrieved from http://plastic-pollution.org/

Macarthur, D. E. (Presenter). (2015, March). The surprising thing I learned sailing solo around the world . Lecture presented at TED2015, .

MarEx. (n.d.). Adidas releases first mass-produced ocean plastic shoe [Newsgroup post]. Retrieved from The Maritime Executive website: http://www.maritime-executive.com/article/adidas-releases-first-mass-produced-ocean-plastic-shoe

McKie, R. (2016, January 24). Plastic now pollutes every corner of the earth. The Guardian . Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/jan/24/plastic-new-epoch-human-damage

Morby, A. (2017, March 17). Stella McCartney and Adidas unveil Parley Ultra Boost X trainers made from ocean plastic [Newsgroup post]. Retrieved from Dezeen website: https://www.dezeen.com/2017/03/17/stella-mccartney-adidas-parley-ultra-boost-x-ocean-plastic-trainers-design-fashion/

The ocean cleanup. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.theoceancleanup.com/technology/

Parley. (n.d.). Parley for the oceans. Retrieved October 6, 2017, from http://www.parley.tv/#fortheoceans

Plastic oceans. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.plasticoceans.org/the-facts/

Shakerardekani, A., & Karim, R. (2012). Effect of different types of plastic packaging films on the moisture and aflatoxin contents of pistachio nuts during storage .

Smith, B. (2017, April 25). How is plastic trash affecting the ocean food chain? [Online forum post]. Retrieved from https://sciencing.com/plastic-trash-affecting-ocean-food-chain-12143.html

Thompson, R. C., Moore, C. J., Vom Saal, F. S., & Swan, S. H. (2009). Plastics, the environment and human health: Current consensus and future trends. PubMed Central® . Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2873021/

Various causes of ocean pollution. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.eartheclipse.com/pollution/various-causes-of-ocean-pollution.html

Vincent, J. (2016, November 4). This Adidas sneaker made from recycled ocean waste is going on sale this month [Newsgroup post]. Retrieved from The verge website: https://www.theverge.com/2016/11/4/13518784/this-adidas-sneaker-made-from-recycled-ocean-waste-is-going-on-sale-this-month

What we do. (n.d.). Retrieved October 6, 2017, from http://www.greenheartglobal.com/what-we-do/

Zagami, P. (Cartographer). (2012, July 8). Stock check [Infographic]. Retrieved from https://infrascapedesign.wordpress.com/2012/07/08/stock-check/

First Reflection

Having undertaken a pre college course in the summer of 2016 at Pratt Institute in Industrial Design I was faced with a number of unanswered questions about the nature of design that I wanted to explore further. In consultation with my supervisor, I realised that I needed to narrow the scope of my study in design and so I specified to my interest in furniture to reflect the relationship between functionality and taste. Whilst attempting to isolate the question, I became aware of the extensive use and scarcity of materials. Connecting with my concern for environmental issues I began to look at how recycling materials are introduced in high quality furniture design. Now, I am looking for specific case studies that will help narrow the research question.

Second Reflection

Being halfway through the extended essay process, I've researched about resource sustainability and the correlation to Parleys collaboration to Adidas. My topic is resource based, finding information has been a challenge due to a lack of depth in the sources and I also had come to underestimate the difficulty of contacting the Parley organisation or Cyrill Gutsch, the designer. I hadn't considered the depth needed in the background information and why the process of innovating new materials happens. Writing this part made me realise that I was able to get a lot more information that I thought and by purely writing about the causes and extraction of the pollution summed up enough words. Considering organisation, I have written already a quarter of my first draft. The process of my writing consists of writing smaller topics on each heading and then combining them once they are all completed.

Final Reflection - Viva Voce

I enjoyed the research of my EE, yet it was extremely limited upon the collaboration. I looked at a variety of NGOs who analysed the reasons of the collaboration as well as academic research on the true impacts of the environment. I learned a lot about the importance of extended research as well as the limitations it may provide. I definitely feel comfortable discussing my topic however the research often relied on non academic sources. If I were to redo this process I would have picked a case study that had more information attached to it which could allow me to look further into consumer reactions or the actual design in order to evaluate my conclusion further. A problem I faced consisted of deciding my scope in the essay, and once this was determined it allowed me to be argumentative and reach structure in my essay. Through evaluating the collaboration, a high point of the process was definitely suitable for benefiting me in my future work as I now have carried out extensive research which makes me stand out as an upcoming designer. A low point was figuring out what was necessary to be included in my essay and once proof reading at the end and matching my text to my RQ the structure cleared up thus I would advise future EE students to establish a plan early on. 

DP World Studies Extended Essay: Introduction

• Introduction
• Getting Started
• Global Themes
• Interdisciplinary Research
• What Makes Up a "Discipline"?
• Evaluating the Insights of Academic Disciplines
• Multiple Forms of Integration
• Evaluating Your Essay
• Common Stumbling Blocks
• Examples of Globally Conscious Students
• World Studies Exemplars
• List of IB Subjects
• Examiner Reports

World Studies EE Overview

The world studies extended essay (wsee).

The World Studies Extended Essay (WSEE) has to meet all the presentation requirements of the IB Extended Essay , including having a maximum length of 4,000 words.  

See the Extended Essay guide for more details.  WSEE documents are in the box to the right.

Examples of potential topics include:

Interdisciplinary Approach

The IB recommends that you use two IB Diploma Programme subjects, one of which you must be studying. 

You're not expected to address the topic in its full complexity, but you should aim to generate understandings that are new to you.

It would be very easy for you to rely on common-sense understanding of a global issue or more informal insights. However, the academic nature of the EE requires you to understand a global issue through disciplinary lenses.

• An examination of two geographical case studies exploring whether religious beliefs affect attitudes towards HIV/AIDS in Oslo and Mombasa. 
• An examination of one or two events evaluating relief efforts after natural disasters, with suggestions of ways to make these more responsive. 
• An examination of one or two interventions investigating what determines the success or failure of sanctions imposed by the United Nations. 

You can refer to other places and events beyond the primary context(s) when relevant to the argument.  This can demonstrate global consciousness in your writing. However, a really detailed study of these additional cases would not be possible given the 4,000-word limit.

WSEE Documents

• IB EE Subject Guide - World Studies, 2018
• Making Meaningful Connections Use this worksheet to help you think about your research plans: the concepts or methods your will be using, the global topic you're focusing on, and the academic disciplines you will be using.
• Sample Prompts for the WSEE RRS What should you write in your RRS? Use these questions and prompts to help you think through the various stages of the research for your WSEE: your initial ideas, your thoughts and reflections during the process, and your conclusions.
• RRS Example B - World Studies

RPPF (Researcher's Planning and Progress Form) examples:

• RPPF Example 5 - World Studies
• RPPF Example 7 - World Studies

IB Extended Essay Guide

Check the Extended Essay guide for specific guidance on completing the various steps in the research and writing process of the EE, and  these documents:

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• Last Updated: Nov 22, 2023 11:14 AM
• URL: https://aism-mz.libguides.com/worldstudies

Gr. 11-12 Extended Essay

• Reflections
• Choose a Subject
• Choose a Topic
• Draft a Research Question
• Develop Your Search Strategy
• Computer Science
• Visual Arts
• World Studies

World Studies EE Overview

Recommended databases, website sources.

• Introduction
• Academic Integrity
• Common Questions
• For Supervisors
• EE Examples
• Introduction to the World Studies EE
• World Studies Extended Essays Guidance
• World Studies EE: Workflow and Expectations
• Intro to World Studies EE

World Studies EE examples

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IB Extended Essay: Past Essays

• Research Questions
• Past Essays
• Notes & Outlines
• Works Cited Page
• In-Text Citations
• Assessment Criteria
• Reflections
• Supervisor Info
• Net Valley Library This link opens in a new window

Check these CAREFULLY to be sure your topic fits with IB expectations!

• Language & literature (language A)
• Language acquisition (language B)
• Mathematics
• Visual Arts
• World Studies

Business Management

English a & b ee examples.

• English A EE Example
• English A EE Example 1
• English A EE Example 2
• English A EE Example 3
• English B EE Example
• English B EE Example 1
• English B EE Example 2
• English B EE Example 3
• English B EE Example 4
• English B EE Example 5
• English B EE Example 6

Philosophy EE Examples

• Philosophy Example 1
• Philosophy Example 2
• Philosophy Example 3
• Philosophy Example 4

Economics EE Examples

• Econ Example 1
• Econ Example 2
• Econ Example 3
• Econ Example 4
• Econ Example 5
• Econ Example 6
• Econ Example 7
• Econ Example 8

Review Past Papers

• From the IB:  papers from other students and how they scored
• Renaissance Library Past Essays :  Links to all subject area examples

Music EE Examples

• Music EE Example 1
• Music EE Example 2
• Music EE Example 3
• Music EE Example 4

Psychology EE Examples

• Psych EE Example 1
• Psych EE Example 2
• Psych EE Example 3

Chinese EE Examples

• Chinese EE Example 1
• Chinese EE Example 2
• Chinese EE Example 3
• Chinese A EE Cat 1
• Chinese A EE Cat 2
• Chinese A EE Cat 3
• Chinese B EE Example 1
• Chinese B EE Example 2
• Chinese B Example 3
• Business EE Example 1
• Business EE Example 2
• Business EE Example 3

Visual Arts EE Examples

• Visual Arts EE Example 1
• Visual Arts EE Example 2
• Visual Arts EE Example 3
• Visual Arts EE Example 4

Film EE Examples

• Film Example 1
• Film Example 2

Chemistry EE Examples

• Chemistry EE Example

Biology EE Examples

• Biology EE Example
• Biology EE Example 1
• Biology EE Example 2
• Biology EE Example 3

Physics EE Examples

• Physics EE Example
• Physics EE Example 1
• Physics EE Example 2
• Physics EE Example 3
• Physics EE Example 4
• Physics EE Example 5

Math EE Examples

• Math EE Example 1
• Math EE Example 2
• Math EE Example 3
• Math EE Example 4
• Math EE Example 5
• Math EE Example 6

World Studies EE Examples

• World Studies Example 1
• World Studies Example 2
• World Studies Example 3
• World Studies Example 4
• World Studies Example 5
• World Studies Example 6
• World Studies Example 7
• World Studies Example 8
• World Studies Example 9
• World Studies Example 10
• World Studies Example 11
• World Studies Example 12
• World Studies Example 13
• World Studies Example 14
• World Studies Example 15
• World Studies Example 16
• World Studies Example 17
• World Studies Example 18
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IB English A Extended Essay Topics

Hello IB scholars! As someone deeply immersed in the International Baccalaureate (IB) curriculum for years, I’ve mastered the challenging IB DP English A course . Today, I’m excited to share my insights into writing an outstanding English A extended essay. This assignment, a cornerstone of the IB diploma, requires creativity, critical thinking, and a strategic approach. Today, I will give you some ideas for English A extended essay topics.

Understanding the English A Extended Essay

First, it’s important to understand what makes the English A Extended Essay different. This 4,000-word research project offers you a unique opportunity to investigate a literary topic of personal interest. In line with general IB criteria, your essay should demonstrate a comprehensive analysis, deep understanding, and critical approach to your chosen literary works. Remember, your passion for the topic will be the light that guides your research.

The English A extended essay stands as a formidable component of the IB Diploma Programme, offering students an unmatched opportunity to dig into literary topics that ignite their intellectual curiosity. According to the general IB criteria, this assignment requires a comprehensive analysis, a deep understanding, and a critical approach to your selected literary works. It’s a unique platform where your passion fuels your research and enlightens your pathway with insights. Now, let’s highlight a few important points:

• Choose a topic that resonates with you. Your engagement with the subject matter can significantly influence your essay’s depth of inquiry and the quality of analysis.
• It’s imperative not just to describe or summarize the literary works but to engage with them critically. Analyze themes, characters, narrative techniques, and the socio-cultural context to offer insightful perspectives.
• The IB values original thought and novel analysis. Approach your topic from unique angles that reflect your creativity and intellectual independence.
• A high-quality extended essay is underpinned by thorough and effective research. Demonstrate your ability to source relevant information, evaluate its credibility, and integrate it coherently into your argument.
• A well-organized essay with a clear introduction, body, and conclusion enhances readability and demonstrates your ability to present complex ideas logically.

Moreover, the reflection sessions, part of the extended essay process, are invaluable. They offer you a chance to pause, assess your progress, and refine your thoughts with your supervisor’s guidance.

English A Extended Essay Topics and Research Questions

Here are topic ideas, along with research questions, that can spark the curiosity of any IB student passionate about English literature. Each topic is written to inspire and provoke deep analytical thought, drawing on various texts and literary forms:

• The Evolution of the Tragic Hero in Shakespearean Drama . How has the tragic hero’s character evolved across Shakespeare’s works from “Hamlet” to “Macbeth”?
• The Role of Setting in Creating Atmospheric Tension in Gothic Novels . How does the setting contribute to the development of atmospheric tension in Mary Shelley’s “Frankenstein” and Bram Stoker’s “Dracula”?
• Feminism in Early 20th Century Literature . In what ways do the novels of Virginia Woolf and D.H. Lawrence reflect feminist ideas of their time?
• The Depiction of War in Postmodern Literature . How do postmodern novels depict the concept and consequences of war differently than modernist literature?
• The Influence of Culture on Magical Realism in Latin American Literature . How is magical realism influenced by Latin American cultural elements in the works of Gabriel García Márquez and Isabel Allende?
• Comparative Analysis of Heroism in Classic vs. Modern Epic Tales . How does the portrayal of heroism in Homer’s “Odyssey” compare to that in J.R.R. Tolkien’s “The Lord of the Rings”?
• Narrative Techniques in Stream of Consciousness Writing . What narrative techniques are employed in the stream-of-consciousness writing of James Joyce’s “Ulysses” and Virginia Woolf’s “Mrs. Dalloway,” and how do they affect the reader’s understanding of the characters?
• The Role of Nature in Romantic Poetry . How do William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge use nature as a motif in their poetry, and what does it signify about their perspective on the human experience?
• Dystopian Visions: A Reflection of Societal Fears . How do Aldous Huxley’s “Brave New World” and George Orwell’s “1984” reflect societal fears of their respective times?
• The Intersection of Race and Gender in African American Literature . How do Toni Morrison’s “Beloved” and Maya Angelou’s “I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings” research the intersection of race and gender?
• The Literary Research of Mental Illness . How is mental illness depicted and researched in Sylvia Plath’s “The Bell Jar” and Ken Kesey’s “One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest”?
• Satire and Social Critique in the Novels of Charles Dickens . How does Charles Dickens employ satire as a tool for social critique in “Hard Times” and “Oliver Twist”?
• The Concept of the Anti-hero in Modern Literature . How is the anti-hero character archetype developed in the works of Bret Easton Ellis and Chuck Palahniuk?
• Mythology in Modern Fantasy Literature . In what ways do Rick Riordan’s “Percy Jackson” series and J.K. Rowling’s “Harry Potter” series draw upon classical mythology to develop their respective narratives?
• Identity and Exile in Post-Colonial Literature . How do themes of identity and exile manifest in the post-colonial literature of Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s “Americanah” and Jhumpa Lahiri’s “The Namesake”?
• The Intersection of Technology and Humanity in Science Fiction . How do Philip K. Dick’s “Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?” and Isaac Asimov’s “I, Robot” depict the relationship between technology and humanity?
• The Psychological Depth of Characters in Russian Novels . How do Fyodor Dostoevsky’s “Crime and Punishment” and Leo Tolstoy’s “Anna Karenina” show the psychological depth of their characters?
• The Bildungsroman and Its Evolution in English Literature . How has the bildungsroman genre evolved from Charles Dickens’s “Great Expectations” to J.D. Salinger’s “The Catcher in the Rye”?
• Portrayals of Colonialism and Its Aftermath in African Literature . How do Chinua Achebe’s “Things Fall Apart” and Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o’s “A Grain of Wheat” portray the effects of colonialism on African societies?
• The Literary Representation of LGBTQ+ Identities . How do contemporary novels represent LGBTQ+ identities, particularly in the works of Jeanette Winterson and David Levithan?
• Existentialism in the Works of Albert Camus and Franz Kafka . How do Albert Camus’ “The Stranger” and Franz Kafka’s “The Trial” reflect existentialist themes?
• The Influence of Historical Events on American Literature . How have significant historical events, such as the Great Depression and the Civil Rights Movement, influenced American literature, particularly in the works of John Steinbeck and James Baldwin?
• Magic and Myth in Indigenous Storytelling . How is magic used to convey cultural myths and values in the storytelling traditions of Indigenous peoples, as seen in the works of Leslie Marmon Silko and Thomas King?
• Eco-criticism in Contemporary Poetry . How do contemporary poets like Mary Oliver and Wendell Berry use their work to address environmental issues through an eco-critical lens?
• The Role of Women in Renaissance Literature . How do the roles and depictions of women in Renaissance literature, particularly in the works of William Shakespeare and Christopher Marlowe, reflect the societal attitudes of the time?
• Narratives of Displacement and Migration in Modern Novels . How do novels like Mohsin Hamid’s “Exit West” and Valeria Luiselli’s “Lost Children Archive” depict the experiences of displacement and migration?
• The Revival of Fairy Tales in Modern Literature . How do authors like Angela Carter and Neil Gaiman reinterpret classic fairy tales for modern audiences?
• Post-Apartheid South African Literature . How do post-apartheid South African authors like J.M. Coetzee and Nadine Gordimer discuss themes of identity, reconciliation, and memory in their works?
• The Tragicomedy Genre in Playwriting . How do modern plays like Samuel Beckett’s “Waiting for Godot” and Tom Stoppard’s “Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead” exemplify the tragicomedy genre?
• Literary Depictions of Utopias and Dystopias . How do utopian and dystopian themes manifest in literature, particularly in Thomas More’s “Utopia” and Suzanne Collins’ “The Hunger Games”?
• Duality of Human Nature in Gothic Literature . How is the duality of human nature researched through Gothic elements in Robert Louis Stevenson’s “Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde” and Oscar Wilde’s “The Picture of Dorian Gray”?
• The Portrayal of Social Inequality in Dickensian London . How does Charles Dickens critique social inequality and class struggles in Victorian London through “Bleak House” and “Oliver Twist”?
• The Impact of Cultural Hybridity on Identity in Diaspora Literature . How do authors like Zadie Smith in “White Teeth” and Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie in “Americanah” depict the impact of cultural hybridity on the identity of diaspora individuals?
• Narrative Innovation in Post-Colonial African Novels . In what ways do post-colonial African novels, such as Ben Okri’s “The Famished Road” and Yvonne Vera’s “Butterfly Burning,” innovate traditional narrative structures to convey themes of memory, history, and identity?
• The Evolution of the Female Protagonist in British Novels . How have female protagonists evolved in British literature from Jane Austen’s “Pride and Prejudice” to Hilary Mantel’s “Wolf Hall”, particularly in their agency and complexity?

These topics can be a foundation for your extended essay and invite you to investigate literature through various perspectives, encouraging a deeper understanding of themes, techniques, and cultural contexts. Remember, a well-chosen topic is the first step to a rewarding research experience.

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Ib world studies extended essay ideas.

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In conclusion, working on your English A extended essay is a path of intellectual growth. In my experience, embracing this challenge with enthusiasm and strategic planning will lead to academic success and a deeper appreciation for the power of literature. So grab your pen (or laptop) and let your literary research begin! And if you need help writing an extended essay , just contact our IB experts.

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• Nora Spinster https://ibwritingservice.com/blog/author/noraspinster/ IB Extended Essay Topics: Global Politics
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World Studies Extended Essay: Interdisciplinary Study

• Introduction
• Getting Started
• Global Themes
• Interdisciplinary Research
• What Makes Up a "Discipline"?
• Evaluating the Insights of Academic Disciplines
• Multiple Forms of Integration
• Evaluating Your Essay
• Common Stumbling Blocks
• Examples of Globally Conscious Students

What is interdisciplinary study?

In interdisciplinary study, students incorporate knowledge and modes of thinking from two or more disciplines to gain a deeper understanding of an issue. Most importantly, they would not have been able to gain this understanding if they only looked at the issue from the perspective of one of the disciplines.

The interdisciplinary essay

A strong interdisciplinary essay exhibits the following characteristics:

Clear purpose  -  The writer seeks to describe, explain, compare or offer solutions to a problem that is best examined in an interdisciplinary way. The writer has a sense of the significance of the research.

Disciplinary grounding  - The writer draws on knowledge, theories, concepts, perspectives, methods, tools and forms of communication from two or more disciplines.

Productive integration  - The writer incorporates disciplinary perspectives in ways that advance understanding. The writer understands the illuminating connections among/between disciplines.

Thoughtfulness  - The writer reflects on the significance, power and limitations of his or her findings.

See the other pages in this section for information on:

Interdisciplinary research Examples of interdisciplinary research

WSEE Documents

WSEE Subject Guide and worksheets

• IB EE Subject Guide - World Studies, 2018
• Making Meaningful Connections Use this worksheet to help you think about your research plans: the concepts or methods your will be using, the global topic you're focusing on, and the academic disciplines you will be using.

RRS (Researcher's Reflection Space)

• Sample Prompts for the WSEE RRS What should you write in your RRS? Use these questions and prompts to help you think through the various stages of the research for your WSEE: your initial ideas, your thoughts and reflections during the process, and your conclusions.
• RRS Example B - World Studies

RPPF (Researcher's Planning and Progress Form) examples:

• RPPF Example 5 - World Studies
• RPPF Example 7 - World Studies

IB Extended Essay Guide & Timeline

Check the Extended Essay guide for specific guidance on completing the various steps in the research and writing process of the EE, and  these documents:

• << Previous: Global Themes
• Next: Interdisciplinary Research >>
• Last Updated: Sep 19, 2022 9:16 AM
• URL: https://libguides.westsoundacademy.org/wsee

IB Geography Extended Essay Topics

Table of contents

• Writing Metier

Welcome to our comprehensive guide on “Geography Extended Essay Topics” for all you aspiring geographers out there. My team of IB experts from Writing Metier has collected this list for all the IB students who are currently searching for inspiration or exact ideas. Hence, if you’re passionate about exploring the complexities of our world, you’re in the right place. 

In this article, we’ll delve into a variety of intriguing topics that span across transportation, rural landscapes, health, politics, tourism, disaster management, and water resources.  

Below, you will find a more detailed explanation of each category of Geography extended essay topics we will cover in this read.

Transportation Geography

• Urban Transportation Networks : Examining the development and impacts of transportation networks in urban areas.
• Sustainable Transportation : Investigating strategies for promoting sustainable transportation modes.
• Transportation and Economic Development : Analyzing the relationship between transportation infrastructure and economic development.

Rural Geography

• Rural Depopulation : Exploring the causes and consequences of depopulation in rural areas.
• Agricultural Diversification : Investigating the impact of agricultural diversification on rural economies.
• Rural Tourism : Examining the effects of tourism on rural communities and landscapes.

Health Geography

• Spatial Patterns of Disease : Analyzing the spatial distribution of diseases and their determinants.
• Access to Healthcare : Investigating disparities in access to healthcare services.
• Health Impacts of Environmental Factors : Examining the relationship between environmental factors and health outcomes.

Political Geography

• Geopolitical Conflicts : Investigating the geographical dimensions of international conflicts.
• Electoral Geography : Analyzing the spatial patterns of voting behavior and political representation.
• Borderlands and Identity : Exploring the impact of borders on cultural and political identities.

Tourism Geography

• Sustainable Tourism : Evaluating the principles and practices of sustainable tourism.
• Tourism and Cultural Exchange : Investigating the impacts of tourism on cultural exchange and understanding.
• Ecotourism : Examining the benefits and challenges of ecotourism in conservation areas.

Disaster Management and Resilience

• Natural Disasters and Vulnerability : Analyzing the factors that contribute to vulnerability to natural disasters.
• Disaster Risk Reduction : Investigating strategies for reducing the risk and impact of disasters.
• Community Resilience : Examining the factors that contribute to community resilience in the face of disasters.

Water Resources

• Water Scarcity : Investigating the causes and impacts of water scarcity in a specific region.
• Integrated Water Resource Management : Evaluating the effectiveness of integrated water resource management approaches.
• Transboundary Water Conflicts : Analyzing the geopolitical dimensions of transboundary water conflicts and cooperation.

Don’t be stuck in a rut ! Whether you’re fascinated by the dynamics of urban transportation networks, curious about the effects of rural depopulation, or eager to understand the geopolitical dimensions of international conflicts, we’ve got you covered. 

Our goal is to ignite your curiosity and provide you with a wealth of ideas to kickstart your research . So, grab your map, and let’s start this exciting adventure through the diverse and captivating world of geography!

List of IB Geography EE Topics and RQs

Let’s start with a list of working Geography extended essay topics and research questions.

Let’s start with Transportation Geography, where we’ll explore how transportation networks shape our cities and impact our lives. From urban planning to economic growth , we’ll dive into the fascinating world of movement and connectivity.

Urban Transportation Networks

• Research Question: How have bike-sharing programs influenced commuting patterns and urban mobility in major cities?
• Research Question: To what extent has the expansion of public transportation systems reduced traffic congestion in metropolitan areas?
• Research Question: How has the introduction of light rail transit systems affected urban development and land use patterns in cities?

Sustainable Transportation

• Research Question: How effective are carpooling initiatives in reducing carbon emissions and promoting sustainable transportation?
• Research Question: To what extent can the adoption of electric vehicles contribute to sustainable transportation in urban areas?
• Research Question: How does the pedestrianization of city centers affect urban sustainability and the quality of life for residents?

Transportation and Economic Development

• Research Question: What are the economic impacts of high-speed rail on regional development and connectivity?
• Research Question: How does port infrastructure development contribute to economic growth and trade in coastal regions?
• Research Question: How does the development of transportation infrastructure influence tourism growth in remote destinations?

Here, we’ll delve into the unique challenges and opportunities of rural areas. From depopulation to agricultural diversification , we’ll uncover the dynamics of rural life and landscapes.

Rural Depopulation

• Research Question: What are the main causes of rural depopulation in mountainous regions, and what are its socio-economic consequences?
• Research Question: What strategies have been successful in counteracting rural depopulation in agricultural communities?
• Research Question: How does rural depopulation affect the preservation of cultural heritage in traditional villages?

Agricultural Diversification

• Research Question: How does the adoption of organic farming practices contribute to agricultural diversification and sustainability in rural areas?
• Research Question: To what extent does agrotourism contribute to economic diversification and resilience in rural communities?
• Research Question: How does crop diversification affect soil health and agricultural productivity in smallholder farms?

Rural Tourism

• Research Question: How does rural tourism contribute to the preservation of traditional lifestyles and cultural heritage in rural areas?
• Research Question: What are the economic and environmental impacts of rural tourism development in ecologically sensitive areas?
• Research Question: How does community involvement in rural tourism planning and management influence the success and sustainability of tourism initiatives?

In Health Geography, we’re going to examine how health and well-being are influenced by where we live.

We’ll look at spatial patterns of diseases, access to healthcare, and the environmental factors affecting our health.

Spatial Patterns of Disease

• Research Question: What are the spatial patterns of malaria incidence in Sub-Saharan Africa, and what factors contribute to these patterns?
• Research Question: How does urbanization influence the spread of infectious diseases in developing countries?
• Research Question: How is climate change affecting the geographical distribution of vector-borne diseases, such as dengue fever and Zika virus?

Access to Healthcare

• Research Question: How does access to healthcare services impact maternal health outcomes in rural regions?
• Research Question: To what extent does telemedicine improve healthcare access and outcomes in remote and underserved areas?
• Research Question: What are the spatial disparities in access to mental health services, and what are the implications for public health policy?

This section is all about understanding the geographical dimensions of power and politics . From geopolitical conflicts to electoral geography, we’ll explore how space and politics intersect.

Geopolitical Conflicts

• Research Question: How do natural resources influence geopolitical conflicts and power dynamics in the Middle East?
• Research Question: How do geopolitical conflicts affect refugee migration patterns and the spatial distribution of refugee populations?
• Research Question: What are the geopolitical implications of the South China Sea dispute for regional stability and international relations?

Electoral Geography

• Research Question: What are the spatial patterns of voting behavior in recent presidential elections, and what factors contribute to these patterns?
• Research Question: How does gerrymandering affect electoral outcomes and political representation in legislative districts?
• Research Question: How does urbanization influence electoral geography and voting behavior in urban vs. rural areas?

Borderlands and Identity

• Research Question: How do borders and borderlands contribute to the formation and expression of national identity?
• Research Question: How does cross-border migration affect cultural identity and social integration in border regions?
• Research Question: How have border disputes and ethnic divisions contributed to conflict and political instability in the Balkans?

In Tourism Geography, we’ll dive into the world of travel and its impacts on places and cultures. We’ll explore sustainable tourism , cultural exchange, and the challenges and opportunities of ecotourism.

Sustainable Tourism

• Research Question: How effective are eco-labels in encouraging sustainable tourism practices among hotels and resorts?
• Research Question: How does community-based sustainable tourism contribute to economic development and environmental conservation in rural areas?
• Research Question: How does sustainable tourism contribute to biodiversity conservation in protected areas?

Tourism and Cultural Exchange

• Research Question: How do cultural festivals promote tourism and cultural exchange, and what are their impacts on local communities?
• Research Question: How does social media influence tourism and cultural perceptions among international travelers?
• Research Question: How does heritage tourism contribute to the preservation and promotion of cultural heritage sites?
• Research Question: How does ecotourism support conservation efforts and sustainable development in protected areas?
• Research Question: What are the social and environmental impacts of ecotourism on local communities and ecosystems?
• Research Question: What are the opportunities and challenges of ecotourism for indigenous peoples and their traditional lands?

Here, we’ll tackle the critical issues of natural disasters, risk reduction, and community resilience.

We’ll explore strategies to prepare for and recover from disasters, ensuring safer and more resilient communities .

Natural Disasters and Vulnerability

• Research Question: What factors contribute to the vulnerability of coastal communities to tsunamis, and how can they be mitigated?
• Research Question: How does climate change affect the frequency and severity of natural disasters, such as hurricanes and floods?
• Research Question: How can earthquake vulnerability be assessed and reduced in densely populated urban areas?

Disaster Risk Reduction

• Research Question: How effective are early warning systems in reducing disaster risk and enhancing community preparedness?
• Research Question: How does land use planning contribute to disaster risk reduction and resilience in hazard-prone areas?
• Research Question: How does disaster risk reduction education impact community resilience and preparedness for natural disasters?

Community Resilience

• Research Question: What strategies can be implemented to build community resilience to flooding in urban areas?
• Topic:The Role of Social Capital in Enhancing Community Resilience to Disasters
• Research Question: How does social capital contribute to community resilience in the aftermath of natural disasters?
• Research Question: How do community-based approaches contribute to enhancing resilience to climate change impacts, such as droughts and heatwaves?

In Water Resources, we’re going to investigate the vital topic of water in our world. From water scarcity to integrated management and transboundary conflicts, we’ll explore the challenges and solutions for sustainable water use.

Water Scarcity

• Research Question: How do agricultural practices contribute to water scarcity in arid regions, and what sustainable solutions can be implemented?
• Research Question: What urban water management strategies are effective in addressing water scarcity in rapidly growing cities?
• Research Question: How effective is desalination as a solution to water scarcity in coastal areas, and what are its environmental impacts?

Integrated Water Resource Management

• Research Question: How effective is integrated water resource management in achieving sustainable water use in river basins?
• Research Question: How does stakeholder participation influence the success of integrated water resource management initiatives?
• Research Question: How can integrated water resource management contribute to climate change adaptation in water-scarce regions?

Transboundary Water Conflicts

• Research Question: What are the geopolitical factors driving transboundary water conflicts in the Nile River Basin, and how can they be resolved?
• Research Question: How effective is international water law in resolving transboundary water disputes and promoting cooperation?
• Research Question: How does transboundary water management promote cooperation and sustainable development in the Mekong River Basin?

And there you have it, folks! A diverse array of Geography Extended Essay topics to fuel your passion for exploration and discovery. As you dive into your research , remember that geography is not just about maps and landscapes; it’s a lens through which we can understand the intricate relationships between people, places, and the environment. 

Choose an extended essay topic that resonates with you, and don’t be afraid to venture into uncharted territories. With dedication, creativity, and a keen eye for detail, you’re well on your way to crafting an insightful and impactful extended essay.

AND ALWAYS remember – Writing Metier is here to help you out with topic suggestions or with writing your Geography EE from scratch and plagiarism-free.

Free topic suggestions

Vasy kafidoff.

Vasyl Kafidoff is a co-founder and CEO at WritingMetier. He is interested in education and how modern technology makes it more accessible. He wants to bring awareness about new learning possibilities as an educational specialist. When Vasy is not working, he’s found behind a drum kit.

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