mla format youtube video citation

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MLA Works Cited: Electronic Sources (Web Publications)

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MLA (Modern Language Association) style is most commonly used to write papers and cite sources within the liberal arts and humanities. This resource, updated to reflect the MLA Handbook (9 th ed.), offers examples for the general format of MLA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the Works Cited page.

The MLA Handbook highlights principles over prescriptive practices. Essentially, a writer will need to take note of primary elements in every source, such as author, title, etc. and then assort them in a general format. Thus, by using this methodology, a writer will be able to cite any source regardless of whether it’s included in this list.

However, this guide will highlight a few concerns when citing digital sources in MLA style.

Best Practices for Managing Online Sources

Because online information can change or disappear, it is always a good idea to keep personal copies of important electronic information whenever possible. Downloading or even printing key documents ensures you have a stable backup. You can also use the Bookmark function in your web browser in order to build an easy-to-access reference for all of your project's sources (though this will not help you if the information is changed or deleted).

It is also wise to keep a record of when you first consult with each online source. MLA uses the phrase, “Accessed” to denote which date you accessed the web page when available or necessary. It is not required to do so, but it is encouraged (especially when there is no copyright date listed on a website).

Important Note on the Use of URLs in MLA

Include a URL or web address to help readers locate your sources. Because web addresses are not static (i.e., they change often) and because documents sometimes appear in multiple places on the web (e.g., on multiple databases), MLA encourages the use of citing containers such as Youtube, JSTOR, Spotify, or Netflix in order to easily access and verify sources. However, MLA only requires the www. address, so eliminate all https:// when citing URLs.

Many scholarly journal articles found in databases include a DOI (digital object identifier). If a DOI is available, cite the DOI number instead of the URL.

Online newspapers and magazines sometimes include a “permalink,” which is a shortened, stable version of a URL. Look for a “share” or “cite this” button to see if a source includes a permalink. If you can find a permalink, use that instead of a URL.

Abbreviations Commonly Used with Electronic Sources

If page numbers are not available, use par. or pars. to denote paragraph numbers. Use these in place of the p. or pp. abbreviation. Par. would be used for a single paragraph, while pars. would be used for a span of two or more paragraphs.

Basic Style for Citations of Electronic Sources (Including Online Databases)

Here are some common features you should try to find before citing electronic sources in MLA style. Not every web page will provide all of the following information. However, collect as much of the following information as possible:

• Author and/or editor names (if available); last names first.
• "Article name in quotation marks."
• Title of the website, project, or book in italics.
• Any version numbers available, including editions (ed.), revisions, posting dates, volumes (vol.), or issue numbers (no.).
• Publisher information, including the publisher name and publishing date.
• Take note of any page numbers (p. or pp.) or paragraph numbers (par. or pars.).
• DOI (if available, precede it with "https://doi.org/"), otherwise a URL (without the https://) or permalink.
• Date you accessed the material (Date Accessed). While not required, saving this information it is highly recommended, especially when dealing with pages that change frequently or do not have a visible copyright date.

Use the following format:

Author. "Title." Title of container (self contained if book) , Other contributors (translators or editors), Version (edition), Number (vol. and/or no.), Publisher, Publication Date, Location (pages, paragraphs and/or URL, DOI or permalink). 2 nd container’s title , Other contributors, Version, Number, Publisher, Publication date, Location, Date of Access (if applicable).

Citing an Entire Web Site

When citing an entire website, follow the same format as listed above, but include a compiler name if no single author is available.

Author, or compiler name (if available). Name of Site. Version number (if available), Name of institution/organization affiliated with the site (sponsor or publisher), date of resource creation (if available), DOI (preferred), otherwise include a URL or permalink. Date of access (if applicable).

Editor, author, or compiler name (if available). Name of Site . Version number, Name of institution/organization affiliated with the site (sponsor or publisher), date of resource creation (if available), URL, DOI or permalink. Date of access (if applicable).

The Purdue OWL Family of Sites . The Writing Lab and OWL at Purdue and Purdue U, 2008, owl.english.purdue.edu/owl. Accessed 23 Apr. 2008.

Felluga, Dino. Guide to Literary and Critical Theory . Purdue U, 28 Nov. 2003, www.cla.purdue.edu/english/theory/. Accessed 10 May 2006.

Course or Department Websites

Give the instructor name. Then list the title of the course (or the school catalog designation for the course) in italics. Give appropriate department and school names as well, following the course title.

Felluga, Dino. Survey of the Literature of England . Purdue U, Aug. 2006, web.ics.purdue.edu/~felluga/241/241/Home.html. Accessed 31 May 2007.

English Department . Purdue U, 20 Apr. 2009, www.cla.purdue.edu/english/. Accessed 31 May 2015.

A Page on a Web Site

For an individual page on a Web site, list the author or alias if known, followed by an indication of the specific page or article being referenced. Usually, the title of the page or article appears in a header at the top of the page. Follow this with the information covered above for entire Web sites. If the publisher is the same as the website name, only list it once.

Lundman, Susan. “How to Make Vegetarian Chili.”  eHow , www.ehow.com/how_10727_make-vegetarian-chili.html. Accessed 6 July 2015.

“ Athlete's Foot - Topic Overview. ”   WebMD , 25 Sept. 2014, www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/tc/athletes-foot-topic-overview.

Citations for e-books closely resemble those for physical books. Simply indicate that the book in question is an e-book by putting the term "e-book" in the "version" slot of the MLA template (i.e., after the author, the title of the source, the title of the container, and the names of any other contributors).

Silva, Paul J.  How to Write a Lot: A Practical Guide to Productive Academic Writing. E-book, American Psychological Association, 2007.

If the e-book is formatted for a specific reader device or service, you can indicate this by treating this information the same way you would treat a physical book's edition number. Often, this will mean replacing "e-book" with "[App/Service] ed."

Machiavelli, Niccolo.  The Prince , translated by W. K. Marriott, Kindle ed., Library of Alexandria, 2018.

Note:  The MLA considers the term "e-book" to refer to publications formatted specifically for reading with an e-book reader device (e.g., a Kindle) or a corresponding web application. These e-books will not have URLs or DOIs. If you are citing book content from an ordinary webpage with a URL, use the "A Page on a Web Site" format above.

An Image (Including a Painting, Sculpture, or Photograph)

Provide the artist's name, the work of art italicized, the date of creation, the institution and city where the work is housed. Follow this initial entry with the name of the Website in italics, and the date of access.

Goya, Francisco. The Family of Charles IV . 1800. Museo Nacional del Prado, Madrid. Museo Nacional del Prado , www.museodelprado.es/en/the-collection/art-work/the-family-of-carlos-iv/f47898fc-aa1c-48f6-a779-71759e417e74. Accessed 22 May 2006.

Klee, Paul. Twittering Machine . 1922. Museum of Modern Art, New York. The Artchive , www.artchive.com/artchive/K/klee/twittering_machine.jpg.html. Accessed May 2006.

If the work cited is available on the web only, then provide the name of the artist, the title of the work, and then follow the citation format for a website. If the work is posted via a username, use that username for the author.

Adams, Clifton R. “People Relax Beside a Swimming Pool at a Country Estate Near Phoenix, Arizona, 1928.” Found, National Geographic Creative, 2 June 2016, natgeofound.tumblr.com/.

An Article in a Web Magazine

Provide the author name, article name in quotation marks, title of the web magazine in italics, publisher name, publication date, URL, and the date of access.

Bernstein, Mark. “ 10 Tips on Writing the Living Web. ”   A List Apart: For People Who Make Websites , 16 Aug. 2002, alistapart.com/article/writeliving. Accessed 4 May 2009.

An Article in an Online Scholarly Journal

For all online scholarly journals, provide the author(s) name(s), the name of the article in quotation marks, the title of the publication in italics, all volume and issue numbers, and the year of publication. Include a DOI if available, otherwise provide a URL or permalink to help readers locate the source.

Article in an Online-only Scholarly Journal

MLA requires a page range for articles that appear in Scholarly Journals. If the journal you are citing appears exclusively in an online format (i.e. there is no corresponding print publication) that does not make use of page numbers, indicate the URL or other location information.

Dolby, Nadine. “Research in Youth Culture and Policy: Current Conditions and Future Directions.” Social Work and Society: The International Online-Only Journal, vol. 6, no. 2, 2008, www.socwork.net/sws/article/view/60/362. Accessed 20 May 2009.

Article in an Online Scholarly Journal That Also Appears in Print

Cite articles in online scholarly journals that also appear in print as you would a scholarly journal in print, including the page range of the article . Provide the URL and the date of access.

Wheelis, Mark. “ Investigating Disease Outbreaks Under a Protocol to the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention. ”   Emerging Infectious Diseases , vol. 6, no. 6, 2000, pp. 595-600, wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/6/6/00-0607_article. Accessed 8 Feb. 2009.

An Article from an Online Database (or Other Electronic Subscription Service)

Cite online databases (e.g. LexisNexis, ProQuest, JSTOR, ScienceDirect) and other subscription services as containers. Thus, provide the title of the database italicized before the DOI or URL. If a DOI is not provided, use the URL instead. Provide the date of access if you wish.

Alonso, Alvaro, and Julio A. Camargo. “ Toxicity of Nitrite to Three Species of Freshwater Invertebrates. ”   Environmental Toxicology, vol. 21, no. 1, 3 Feb. 2006, pp. 90-94. Wiley Online Library , https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.20155. Accessed 26 May 2009.

Langhamer, Claire. “Love and Courtship in Mid-Twentieth-Century England.” Historical Journal, vol. 50, no. 1, 2007, pp. 173-96. ProQuest , https://doi.org/10.1017/S0018246X06005966. Accessed 27 May 2009.

E-mail (including E-mail Interviews)

Give the author of the message, followed by the subject line in quotation marks. State to whom the message was sent with the phrase, “Received by” and the recipient’s name. Include the date the message was sent. Use standard capitalization.

Kunka, Andrew. “ Re: Modernist Literature. ”  Received by John Watts, 15 Nov. 2000.

Neyhart, David. “ Re: Online Tutoring. ” Received by Joe Barbato, 1 Dec. 2016.

A Listserv, Discussion Group, or Blog Posting

Cite web postings as you would a standard web entry. Provide the author of the work, the title of the posting in quotation marks, the web site name in italics, the publisher, and the posting date. Follow with the date of access. Include screen names as author names when author name is not known. If both names are known, place the author’s name in brackets.

Author or compiler name (if available). “Posting Title.” Name of Site , Version number (if available), Name of institution/organization affiliated with the site (sponsor or publisher), URL. Date of access.

Salmar1515 [Sal Hernandez]. “Re: Best Strategy: Fenced Pastures vs. Max Number of Rooms?” BoardGameGeek , 29 Sept. 2008, boardgamegeek.com/thread/343929/best-strategy-fenced-pastures-vs-max-number-rooms. Accessed 5 Apr. 2009.

Begin with the user's Twitter handle in place of the author’s name. Next, place the tweet in its entirety in quotations, inserting a period after the tweet within the quotations. Include the date and time of posting, using the reader's time zone; separate the date and time with a comma and end with a period. Include the date accessed if you deem necessary.

@tombrokaw. “ SC demonstrated why all the debates are the engines of this campaign. ”   Twitter, 22 Jan. 2012, 3:06 a.m., twitter.com/tombrokaw/status/160996868971704320.

@PurdueWLab. “ Spring break is around the corner, and all our locations will be open next week. ”   Twitter , 5 Mar. 2012, 12:58 p.m., twitter.com/PurdueWLab/status/176728308736737282.

A YouTube Video

Video and audio sources need to be documented using the same basic guidelines for citing print sources in MLA style. Include as much descriptive information as necessary to help readers understand the type and nature of the source you are citing. If the author’s name is the same as the uploader, only cite the author once. If the author is different from the uploader, cite the author’s name before the title.

McGonigal, Jane. “Gaming and Productivity.” YouTube , uploaded by Big Think, 3 July 2012, www.youtube.com/watch?v=mkdzy9bWW3E.

“8 Hot Dog Gadgets put to the Test.” YouTube, uploaded by Crazy Russian Hacker, 6 June 2016, www.youtube.com/watch?v=WBlpjSEtELs.

A Comment on a Website or Article

List the username as the author. Use the phrase, Comment on, before the title. Use quotation marks around the article title. Name the publisher, date, time (listed on near the comment), and the URL.

Not Omniscient Enough. Comment on “ Flight Attendant Tells Passenger to ‘Shut Up’ After Argument Over Pasta. ”  ABC News, 9 Jun 2016, 4:00 p.m., abcnews.go.com/US/flight-attendant-tells-passenger-shut-argument-pasta/story?id=39704050.

How do I cite an online video?

Note: This post relates to content in the eighth edition of the MLA Handbook . For up-to-date guidance, see the ninth edition of the MLA Handbook .

Begin the entry as you would any other: consult the MLA format template . List the title of the video in the “Title of source” slot and the title of the website where you watched the video in the “Title of container” slot.

Rubier, Jeremy, director. Gui Martinez: A Short Film and Photo Essay . Vimeo , uploaded by Poweredby.tokyo, May 2017, vimeo.com/channels/staffpicks/216976160.

Keep in mind that some information may not be available, and other information may be included. In the example below, the video has no author, director, or producer, so work with what you have:

Slip Slip Knit (SSK) . YouTube , uploaded by TheKnitWitch, 14 Feb. 2007, www.youtube.com/watch?v=RGwcYW3GG3M.

If it’s not clear that the work you’re citing is a video—for example, if a song by the same title appears on the site—include the medium of publication in the optional-element slot at the end of the entry:

Beyoncé. “Pretty Hurts.”  Beyoncé , www.beyonce.com/video/. Video.

Citation guides

All you need to know about citations

How to cite a YouTube video in MLA

To cite a YouTube video in a reference entry in MLA style 9th edition include the following elements:

• Author(s) or screen name: Give the last name and name as presented in the source (e. g. Watson, John). For two authors, reverse only the first name, followed by ‘and’ and the second name in normal order (e. g. Watson, John, and John Watson). For three or more authors, list the first name followed by et al. (e. g. Watson, John, et al.)
• Video title: Titles are italicized when independent. If part of a larger source add quotation marks and do not italize.
• Date of publication: Give the day, month and year of publication. All months, excluding June and July, are abbreviated as three letters (e.g. 9 Aug. 2019.)
• URL: Copy URL in full from your browser, include http:// or https:// and do not list URLs created by shortening services.

Here is the basic format for a reference list entry of a YouTube video in MLA style 9th edition:

Author(s) or screen name . " Video title ." YouTube, Date of publication , URL .

Take a look at our works cited examples that demonstrate the MLA style guidelines in action:

A YouTube video where the creator's real name is not provided

AsapSCIENCE . " How to learn faster ." YouTube , 28 Sep. 2017 , youtube.com/watch?v=B9SptdjpJBQ .

Note: The creator's real name is not available, the user name is used instead.

A YouTube video where the creator's real name is available

Bialik, Mayim . " The Life Changing Magic of Detective Pikachu ." YouTube , 13 June 2019 , youtube.com/watch?v=97KJhK-9yvc .

A YouTube video uploaded by a user

" Modern Family Funny Moments ." YouTube , uploaded by MIke Arasa , 26 Jan. 2019 , youtube.com/watch?v=b9LsHST4E78 .

Note: Video uploaded by a user, not by the creator of the video.

MLA in-text citation of a YouToube video

Audio-visual material uses the specific time of the audio/video for in-text citations.

(Last name time) or (Short form of title time) .

The following scene exemplifies the performers intellectual abilities (Bialik 00:15:43-00:20:07) .

A YouTube video without an author

The video clip found on YouTube seems to be one of the most popular throughout the internet (Modern 00:03:40) .

This citation style guide is based on the MLA Handbook (9 th edition).

More useful guides

• MLA 8 Citation Guide: Youtube video
• MLA Works Cited: Electronic Sources
• How do I cite a Youtube video in MLA format 8th edition?

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How to Cite YouTube Videos in MLA

Hannah berry (ph.d.).

• Published on 10/30/2023
• Updated on 01/13/2024

Citing YouTube videos is becoming increasingly common in academic and professional writing. To maintain the integrity and credibility of your work, it’s essential to follow citation guidelines, such as the Modern Language Association (MLA) style . In this article, we will guide you through the process of creating consistent and accurate citations for YouTube videos.

STEP 1: DETERMINE THE BASIC INFORMATION

Start by collecting the following information about the YouTube video, including the author’s name, video title, website name, username of the person or entity who uploaded the video, publication date, and the video’s URL. These details serve as the foundation for creating a well structured MLA citation.

STEP 2: FORMAT THE CITATION

In this step, we focus on structuring the citation for the YouTube video. The MLA citation format for YouTube videos should be uniform and easy to follow. Here is a more detailed explanation of each component of the citation:

• Author’s Last Name, First Name (or Channel Name): This is the name of the individual or entity responsible for creating the video. In MLA format, the author’s name is typically listed in the following format: Last Name, First Name. If the video is uploaded by a channel or organization, use the channel name (e.g., National Geographic).
• The title of the YouTube video is enclosed in double quotation marks. Ensure you accurately reproduce the title as it appears on the YouTube video page, including any capitalization, punctuation, and spacing. For example: “The Importance of Renewable Energy.”
• The title of the website is italicized e.g., YouTub e.
• Provide the username of the person or entity who uploaded the video. This can usually be found on the video’s page or in the video’s description.
• This component indicates the date the video was published or uploaded. It’s crucial for keeping your sources current and relevant. The upload date should be in the format of day, abbreviated month, year (e.g., 15 July 2022). You can usually find this information on the YouTube video’s page. Months with five or more letters are abbreviated by using the first three letters, followed by a period. For instance, Feb., Mar., and Apr., but you should not abbreviate June or July.
• The URL is the webpage address of the specific YouTube video you are citing. It’s included to enable readers to access the source directly. You can also generate MLA webpage citations and explore additional resources in our comprehensive guides on this subject.

In summary, the format for your YouTube video citation in the MLA style should look like this:

STEP 3: EXAMPLES OF YOUTUBE VIDEO CITATIONS 

Step 3 illustrates how to apply the MLA citation format to different types of YouTube videos. 

INDIVIDUAL AUTHOR

Group or corporate as the author, multiple individual authors , step 4: in-text citations.

In-text citations ensure that readers can easily identify and locate the sources you are referencing.

If the YouTube video has an individual author listed, use their last name in your in-text citation.

If the video doesn’t specify an individual creator, you can use the video’s title in your in-text citation. Enclose the title in quotation marks. For example, if you are citing a video titled “Introduction to Quantum Mechanics,” you would include it in your text with quotation marks.

For example, if you’re citing a YouTube video by Lee Watson titled “The Importance of Renewable Energy” in your paper, your in-text citation would look like this:

Or, if you’re referencing a video titled “Introduction to Quantum Mechanics” with no individual author mentioned, your in-text citation would appear as:

(“Introduction to Quantum Mechanics”)

In-text citations should appear within the body of your text, typically in parentheses. These citations can be placed after the information you are referencing or at the end of the relevant sentence or paragraph. It’s essential to ensure that the in-text citation corresponds to the full citation entry in your works cited page.

STEP 5: WORKS CITED PAGE

The works cited page should be located at the end of your document and list all the sources you cited in your paper.

The works cited page should be organized alphabetically by the first element (usually the author’s last name or the channel name). Create a hanging indent, indent the second and subsequent lines of citations by 0.5 inches.

Explore a range of features offered by TypeCite’s citation generator, including MLA citation for books , webpages and journals , as well as APA citation for books .

GIVE YOUR CITATIONS A BOOST TODAY

Start your TypeCite Boost 3 day free trial today. Then just $4.99 per month to save your citations, organize in projects, and much more.

Hannah Berry has lectured at several colleges and teaches at the WEA. Besides publishing extensively, she has taught citation skills and written multiple style guides.

Learn how to cite in MLA

• Journal Article in Another Language in MLA
• How to Format Quotation Marks in MLA
• How to Cite Chapter in Edited Book in MLA
• How to Format Italics in MLA
• Introduction, Preface or Foreword in MLA
• How to Format Numbers in MLA
• How to Format Lists in MLA
• How to Cite Multivolume Works in MLA
• How to Format Works Cited List in MLA
• How to Format DOIs and URLs in MLA
• How to Cite Republished Book in MLA
• How to Cite Reddit in MLA
• MLA Capitalization in Foreign Languages
• Cite Book in Another Language in MLA
• How to Format Headers in MLA
• How to Cite Instagram in MLA
• How to Format Abbreviations in MLA
• How to Cite Translated Book in MLA
• How to Format Fonts in MLA
• How to Cite E-Book in MLA
• How to Format Headings in MLA
• How to Use Line Spacing & Margins in MLA
• How to Cite a Book With Editor in MLA
• How to Cite an Online Journal in MLA
• How to Cite a Journal Article in MLA
• How to Cite Facebook in MLA
• How to Cite ChatGPT in MLA
• MLA In-Text Citation Examples
• How to Cite a Book in MLA
• How to Cite X in MLA
• How to Format Dates in the MLA Style
• How to use Titles in the MLA Style
• How to Cite a Website in the MLA Format
• How to Format Various MLA Contributors
• How to Cite a Webpage in the MLA Format
• How to Cite MLA Social Media Citations

Thursday, February 23: The Clark Library is closed today.

MLA Style (9th Edition) Citation Guide: Videos/DVDs/TV Shows

• Introduction to MLA Style
• Journal Articles
• Magazine/Newspaper Articles
• Books & Ebooks
• Government & Legal Documents
• Biblical Sources
• Secondary Sources
• Videos/DVDs/TV Shows
• How to Cite: Other
• 9th Edition Updates
• Additional Help

Table of Contents

Movie/Film: On DVD or Viewed in Theater

Streaming Video From a Website (YouTube, Vimeo, etc.)

Streaming Video From a Subscription Media Website (Netflix, Amazon Prime, Hulu, etc.)

Streaming video from a library database, television series episode.

Note: For your Works Cited list, all citations should be double spaced and have a hanging indent.

A "hanging indent" means that each subsequent line after the first line of your citation should be indented by 0.5 inches.

Who to Credit?

DVD or Film

Many people can be involved in the production of a video and not all need to be listed in the citation. Typically the director, producer and/or writer are the names that are used. To clarify what role the person has in the production, their job title such as Director is put after their name in round brackets if the job title is known.

Streaming Video from a Website

For videos from websites such as YouTube or Vimeo, credit the person who posted the content. If a real name is provided, use that followed by the person's user name in square brackets. If the real name of the person who posted the content is not known, just use their user name without brackets.

Expressing Timestamps

Format the start and end times of relevant sections as

Two-digit hour:Two-digit minutes:Two-digit seconds

For example:

01:15:15-01:20:03

00:03:30-00:04:16

Movie/Film: DVD or Viewed in Theater

Title of Movie . Contributor(s). Publisher/Production Company, Year of Release. 

Works Cited List Example:

The Usual Suspects.  Directed by Bryan Singer, performances by Kevin Spacey, Gabriel Byrne, Chazz Palminteri, Stephen Baldwin, and Benicio Del Toro. Polygram, 1995. 

In-Text Citation Example:

( Title of Movie  Start Time of Relevant Section-End Time of Section)

( The Usual Suspects  01:15:15-01:20:03)

 No te : Cite the relevant hour, minute and seconds as displayed in your media player.

Streaming Video From a Website (YouTube, etc.)

"Title of Video."  Title of the Hosting Website , uploaded by First Name Last Name of video creator or Username of Creator, Day Month Year of Publication, URL of video. Accessed Day Month Year video was viewed.

Include as much descriptive information as necessary to help readers understand the type and nature of the source you are citing. If the author’s name is the same as the uploader, only cite the author once. If the author is different from the uploader, cite the author’s name before the title.

“8 Hot Dog Gadgets put to the Test.”  YouTube,  uploaded by Crazy Russian Hacker, 6 June 2016, www.youtube.com/watch?v=WBlpjSEtELs.

("Shortened Version of Title" Start Time of Relevant Section-End Time of Section)

("8 Hot Dog Gadgets" 00:03:30-00:04:16)

Movie Title . Contributor(s), Production Company, Year of Release. Streaming Service , URL.

Note: It isn’t always necessary to include the director and performer’s name(s). Include the names of any individuals who the research focuses on or names of individuals to help the reader locate the exact source themselves. It is acceptable to include producers, writers, creators, narrators, and other positions.

Coraline. Directed by Henry Selick, screenplay by Henry Selick and Neil Gaiman, Laika, 2009. Netflix , https://www.netflix.com/title/70105599.

( Title of Movie Start Time of Relevant Section-End Time of Section)

( Coraline 00:24:00-00:26:10) 

Looking for Infinity: El Camino . Directed by Aaron Leaman. ACL Creative Studio, 2017.  Kanopy , up.kanopy.com/video/looking-infinity-el-camino-0.

In-Text Quote:

( Shortened Title of Movie Start Time of Relevant Section-End Time of Section)

( Looking for Infinity 00:29:01-00:29:45)

"Title of Episode."  Title of TV Series,  Contributors Name(s), season, episode, Production Company, Year of Release.

"The One Where Chandler Can't Cry." Friends: The Complete Sixth Season , written by Andrew Reich and Ted Cohen, directed by Kevin Bright, Warner Brothers, 2004.

 ("Title of Episode"   Start Time of Relevant Section-End Time of Sectionr)

Example: ("The One Where Chandler Can't Cry" 00:15:00-00:17:22)

Television Series Episode Viewed on a Subscription Media Website 

"Title of Episode."  Title of TV Series,  Contributors Name(s), season, episode, Production Company, Year of Release. Name of Streaming Service , URL.

Note: Typically films, television episodes, and other performances have many contributors. After the movie title, list the contributors most relevant to your project after the move title. Most common contributors listed include directors, creators, and performers.  

Note: Seasons of a television series are usually numbered in sequence, as are the episodes. Both numbers should be included in the works cited list if available.

"The Gathering."  Outlander,  developed by Ronald D. Moore, performances by Caitriona Balfe and Sam Heughan, season 1, episode 4, Left Bank Picture/Sony Pictures Television Production, 2014.  Netflix , www.netflix.com/watch/80103586?trackId=13752289.

("Title of Episode"   Start Time of Relevant Section-End Time of Section)

("The Gathering" 00:05:34-00:05:56)

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MLA Citation Style, 9th Edition

• MLA Style, 9th Edition
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The MLA Handbook does not specify how to cite a YouTube or Vimeo video explicitly, and you will see some discrepancies online-- even among reputable citation sites. The MLA Style Center recommends starting with the title of the video since it is often hard to tell if the user who uploaded the video was responsible for its creation.

Sometimes, you may be able to find out who created the video, and in that case, you would list that person as the author.

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MLA Format: Citing a YouTube Video (Example)

Last Updated: January 21, 2024

This article was co-authored by Cara Barker, MA . Cara Barker is an Assistant Professor and Research and Instruction Librarian at Hunter Library at Western Carolina University. She received her Masters in Library and Information Sciences from the University of Washington in 2014. She has over 16 years of experience working with libraries across the United States. This article has been viewed 304,331 times.

As more information is introduced via the Web, students and instructors must come to expect an increase in the number of online citations included in research papers. YouTube videos are among the content one should learn to handle. Continue reading for specific instructions and examples concerning how to cite a YouTube video in MLA format.

Things You Should Know

• You can use a shortened version of the video's title in your in-text citations.
• If you know the real name of the creator, use it on your Works Cited page.
• You'll need to specify the username of the person who uploaded the video on your Works Cited page.

In-Text Citation

• Maru is a famous cat known for a variety of antics (“Maru Greatest Hits”).

• As seen in “Maru Greatest Hits,” Maru is a famous cat known for a variety of antics.

• The man responsible for holding the three Cleveland women captive has been arrested along with two other suspects (Associated Press, "3 Women").
• As stated in "3 Women," the man responsible for holding the three Cleveland women captive has been arrested along with two other suspects (Associated Press).
• According to the Associated Press, the man responsible for holding the three Cleveland women captive has been arrested along with two other suspects ("3 Women").
• In "3 Women," the Associated Press explains that the man responsible for holding the three Cleveland women captive has been arrested along with two other suspects.

Works Cited Page

• McGonigal, Jane.

• McGonigal, Jane. “Gaming and Productivity.”
• “8 Hot Dog Gadgets put to the Test.”

• McGonigal, Jane. “Gaming and Productivity.” YouTube ,
• “8 Hot Dog Gadgets put to the Test.” YouTube ,

• McGonigal, Jane. “Gaming and Productivity.” YouTube , uploaded by Big Think,
• “8 Hot Dog Gadgets put to the Test.” YouTube , uploaded by Crazy Russian Hacker,

• McGonigal, Jane. “Gaming and Productivity.” YouTube , uploaded by Big Think, 3 July 2012,
• “8 Hot Dog Gadgets put to the Test.” YouTube , uploaded by Crazy Russian Hacker, 6 June 2016,

• McGonigal, Jane. “Gaming and Productivity.” YouTube , uploaded by Big Think, 3 July 2012, www.youtube.com/watch?v=mkdzy9bWW3E.
• “8 Hot Dog Gadgets put to the Test.” YouTube , uploaded by Crazy Russian Hacker, 6 June 2016, www.youtube.com/watch?v=WBlpjSEtELs.

Community Q&A

• Ask your instructor if they have a preference regarding the way that YouTube videos are cited. Some instructors prefer students to include the URL of online sources, while others do not. Thanks Helpful 0 Not Helpful 0
• Check the MLA citation guidelines to verify that the above information is accurate and complete. These guidelines change periodically. Thanks Helpful 0 Not Helpful 0

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• ↑ https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/mla_style/mla_formatting_and_style_guide/mla_works_cited_electronic_sources.html

About This Article

To cite a YouTube video in an in-text citation, put the title or a shortened version of it in parentheses after the relevant information, like ("Maru's Greatest Hits"). If you know the name of the video's creator, such as Associated Press, cite it in the parentheses prior to the title. When you move on to your Works Cited page, start with the name of the person responsible for the video or their YouTube username, and include the full title in quotation marks. Finally, include the website and sponsor, which in this case are both YouTube, the video's creation date, the publishing medium, "Web," and the date you accessed the video. For tips on how to cite a YouTube video when you don't know the creator's name, keep reading! Did this summary help you? Yes No

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How to Cite a YouTube Video

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Website Book Journal Video

While you might first think of books, newspapers, and journal articles as go-to sources for academic assignments, YouTube provides a wealth of informative, easily accessible videos. Yes, there is questionable content, but the site is also filled with educational channels, snippets from evening news programs, and even full-length documentaries on a range of interesting and scholarly subjects.

Since YouTube has a ton of information, citing a video retrieved from YouTube might seem more difficult than citing a book. But the process is fairly simple—and we’ve put together this helpful guide on how to cite a YouTube video using MLA format , APA format, and Chicago style.

If you’ve previously cited a video from another website, you’re in luck: The process for citing a video from YouTube is basically the same. To provide an example, we’ve cited a video from the CrashCourse YouTube channel—run by “Fault in Our Stars” author John Green—that offers educational videos on a slew of topics, including history, chemistry, and psychology. This particular video is about the US Constitution, the Articles, and Federalism. We’ve laid out how to cite the video in MLA format, APA format, and Chicago style.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bO7FQsCcbD8

To properly cite a video from YouTube, you must consider the following pieces of information:

• Full name, username, or name of the company that posted the content
• Title of the video
• Title of the website (YouTube)
• Publisher of the video
• Date the video was posted
• Length or duration of the video
• URL or of the video

Use the following structure to cite a YouTube video in MLA 9:

Last name, First name (of the individual who posted the content) OR the name of the company OR the username. “Title of the Video.” Title of the Website , Name of the Publisher that uploaded the video (only include if it differs from the author or title), Date it was uploaded, URL.

Here’s how the above example would be cited in MLA 9 :

CrashCourse. “The Constitution, the Articles, and Federalism: Crash Course US History #8.” YouTube , 21 Mar. 2013, youtu.be/bO7FQsCcbD8.

If you need help with in-text and parenthetical citations, CitationMachine.net can help. Our MLA citation generator is simple and easy to use!

Use the following structure to create an APA citation for a YouTube video :

Name of the Account OR Last Name, First initial of uploader [YouTube Account Name]. (Year, Month Day it was posted). Title of the video [Video]. YouTube. URL

Here’s how the above example would be cited in APA:

CrashCourse. (2013, March 21). The Constitution, the Articles, and Federalism: Crash course in US History #8 [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/bO7FQsCcbD8

Use the following structure to cite a YouTube video in Chicago :

Last name, First name of the individual or the company who posted the content. “Title of Video.” YouTube video, length. Date published. URL.

Here’s how the above example would be cited in Chicago :

CrashCourse. “The Constitution, the Articles, and Federalism: Crash Course in US History #8.” YouTube video, 13:03. March 21, 2013. https://youtu.be/bO7FQsCcbD8

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Including the name(s) of the video poster is discussed in reference examples 88 and 90 of the APA Publication Manual , 7 th edition. If the video is posted on the organization’s official website, then the speaker or presenter’s name would be listed in the author field. However, if the video is posted on YouTube or any other video sharing site, the name of the account that uploaded the video is listed as the author instead, to aid retrieval.

APA reference list template and examples:

Presenter’s Last Name, F. M. or Uploader’s Last Name, F. M. [Username*]. (Date posted). Title of the video [Video]. Publisher. URL

Cutts, S. (2016, October 18). Are you lost in the world like me? [Video]. Vimeo. https://vimeo.com/209248444

Fogarty, M. [Grammar Girl]. (2016, September 30). How to diagram a sentence (absolute basics) [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zznr-e6A4mQ

Iimjobs. (2020, March 2). Chegg – Life at Chegg | Showcase | iimjobs.com [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=44Nb3Ebtj9M

*Note: The username should be included if the account holder’s name and account name are both known and if including the username will help in retrieval.

Per the MLA Handbook , 9 th ed., the performer or creator is omitted if they are not mentioned in the source. Instead, the name of the uploader is included in the contributor field.

MLA works cited list template and example:

“Video Name.” Name of the Website , uploaded by Account Name, date video was posted, URL.

“Top 10 Unforgettable Buffy The Vampire Slayer Moments.” YouTube , uploaded by MsMojo, 1 Oct. 2016, www.youtube.com/watch?v=uKq4SjCPzII.

As per the APA Publication Manual , 7 th edition, the in-text citation for a direct quote from a YouTube video should include the last name of the person who uploaded the video, the year the video was published, and a timestamp of the quote you are citing.

APA in-text citation template and example:

(Uploader Surname, year, HH:MM:SS)

(Cutts, 2016, 1:12:37)

How to Cite a YouTube Video in APA and MLA Style

Using a YouTube video in your research paper? Here's how to properly cite it using MLA and APA.

With more and more information being provided on platforms like YouTube, citing sources for your research projects can be tricky. Whether you're using MLA or APA, the entire format can change if the uploader is different from the author, or if you are citing an interview on Youtube versus a regular video.

Here's how to cite a YouTube video in APA and MLA formats, so you never have to worry about improper bibliographies again.

MLA and APA Citation Basics

Before we get started, it's important to understand the contents of MLA and APA citations for online videos. Fortunately, these types of MLA and APA citations both largely contain the same information.

Here's a breakdown of the information included in both MLA and APA citations for YouTube videos:

• Name:  The full name refers to the actual person who uploaded the video—this is not necessarily the same as the person who is depicted in the video. If you were watching a Lady Gaga video, but it was uploaded by GagaFanatic20, you would want to use the screen name for GagaFanatic20, or their real name (if available).
• Date: The year, month, and day the video was published. Keep in mind that this is not the date you found the video or the date you are writing your article.
• Title :  Use the title of the video.
• URL : The site where you found the video—YouTube, in this case—and the URL of the video. Don't include any tracking parameters in your URL if you found it through another site, like Facebook.

How to Cite a YouTube Video in APA

Citing a YouTube video isn't much different than citing other sources like PowerPoint presentations . You need to include as much information as possible, so the reader can find the video at a later time.

Your citation will include the full name and/or channel name of the uploader, the publication date, the title of the video, the hosting website (YouTube in this case), and the URL for the video.

Follow the format below for APA citations:

If you're quoting or referring to a specific part of a video, you will need to include a timestamp in your in-text citation, pointing to the exact moment of the video you are referencing. For example, "(GagaFanatic20, 2016)" or "(GagaFanatic, 2016, 0:45)"

Citing a YouTube Channel in APA

If you want to cite a YouTube channel instead of an individual video, you will follow a slightly different format:

As you can see, you don't need to include the date that the channel was actually published. Instead, you'll just write n.d. (no date).

"Home" refers to the channel's homepage. And instead of including "video" to let people know about the media type, just write "YouTube channel" in its place. You'll also want to add the date that you found the channel, followed by the URL of the channel's homepage.

How to Cite a YouTube Video in MLA

Even though MLA citations will follow a slightly different format, the information will mostly remain the same. In your citation, include the title of the video, the website you found the video on, the screen name of the uploader, the publish date, and URL:

You'll also follow this format if the uploader was the same person as the author of the video. If the person who authored the video is not the same as the person who uploaded it, you will need to put their full name before the title of the video, as shown below:

Unlike APA style, which requires you to italicize the name of the video, you will have to italicize "YouTube" in MLA format. The date still refers to the publish date and not the date you wrote the article or found the video.

When writing your in-text citations, write the author's last name followed by the timestamp of the video. If the author is the same as the uploader, or if you don't have the author's last name, just use the title of the video:

• (Last name, 00:01:15 - 00:02:00)
• ("Title of video," 00:01:15 - 00:02:00)

Citing a YouTube Interview in MLA

If you are citing an interview on YouTube, use the interviewee's name as the author, while also including the YouTube channel's name.

If you're citing a whole movie or TV show that was uploaded to YouTube, use the MLA movie citation format instead. If you're still a little confused, Google Docs has add-ons that make your citations and bibliographies easier to write.

Where You Can Find YouTube Citation Information

All the information that you need for your YouTube citations can be found directly below the video you are citing.

The title, publish date, and author name will be on the left side, directly under the video. Write the name of the channel exactly as it appears on screen, but make sure the YouTube title follows APA and MLA capitalization rules.

To find the URL, click on the Share  button under the video on the right side. Click on the Copy button to copy the URL directly to your clipboard. Then, paste the URL directly into the citation. This will keep you from copying improper URLs that contain extra tracking parameters.

Easily Write YouTube Citations in MLA and APA Format

YouTube citations need to include relevant information to help your readers find the video you referenced. Citations can be a lot of work, and if you're tired of doing everything by hand, just use an automatic citation app instead.

• Free Tools for Students
• MLA Citation Generator

Free MLA Citation Generator

Generate accurate citations in MLA format automatically, with MyBib!

😕 What is an MLA Citation Generator?

An MLA citation generator is a software tool designed to automatically create academic citations in the Modern Language Association (MLA) citation format. The generator will take information such as document titles, author, and URLs as in input, and output fully formatted citations that can be inserted into the Works Cited page of an MLA-compliant academic paper.

The citations on a Works Cited page show the external sources that were used to write the main body of the academic paper, either directly as references and quotes, or indirectly as ideas.

👩‍🎓 Who uses an MLA Citation Generator?

MLA style is most often used by middle school and high school students in preparation for transition to college and further education. Ironically, MLA style is not actually used all that often beyond middle and high school, with APA (American Psychological Association) style being the favored style at colleges across the country.

It is also important at this level to learn why it's critical to cite sources, not just how to cite them.

🙌 Why should I use a Citation Generator?

Writing citations manually is time consuming and error prone. Automating this process with a citation generator is easy, straightforward, and gives accurate results. It's also easier to keep citations organized and in the correct order.

The Works Cited page contributes to the overall grade of a paper, so it is important to produce accurately formatted citations that follow the guidelines in the official MLA Handbook .

⚙️ How do I use MyBib's MLA Citation Generator?

It's super easy to create MLA style citations with our MLA Citation Generator. Scroll back up to the generator at the top of the page and select the type of source you're citing. Books, journal articles, and webpages are all examples of the types of sources our generator can cite automatically. Then either search for the source, or enter the details manually in the citation form.

The generator will produce a formatted MLA citation that can be copied and pasted directly into your document, or saved to MyBib as part of your overall Works Cited page (which can be downloaded fully later!).

MyBib supports the following for MLA style:

Daniel is a qualified librarian, former teacher, and citation expert. He has been contributing to MyBib since 2018.

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MLA YouTube Video Citation – Format & Examples

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YouTube videos, like any other digital videos, are legitimate sources. To cite a YouTube video, you just treat it like any other type of video reference. This guide explores the MLA YouTube video citation, providing clear instructions for accurate and proper citation. We will also include where to find the needed information for the citation. Mastering the art of citing YouTube videos ensures academic integrity and the effective integration of multimedia sources into scholarly work.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

• 1 In a nutshell: MLA YouTube video citation
• 2 Definition: MLA YouTube video citation
• 3 MLA YouTube video citation: Finding information
• 4 MLA YouTube video citation: Creator
• 5 MLA YouTube video citation: Timestamps

In a nutshell: MLA YouTube video citation

• A YouTube video is a convenient resource that can be cited as with any other source.
• As we’ve seen, a YouTube video must be treated like any other online video source when cited in the MLA style.
• Include an in-text MLA YouTube video citation, followed up by an in-depth bibliographic entry in the Works Cited section.
• All the available information required for the MLA YouTube video citation will be available underneath the video’s online content.
• These include mandatory video upload dates, uploader names, and video titles.
• Lastly, include the complete title as it’s written on the YouTube listing, but capitalized using the MLA style.

Definition: MLA YouTube video citation

The MLA Handbook is now in its 9th edition with updates on online content. When making an MLA YouTube video citation, you must first create an in-text citation with the author’s last name and a timestamp of the relevant passage, if necessary.

(Cox: 9:32).

This in-text MLA YouTube video citation is followed up with a Works Cited entry.

Cox, Brian. “Our Place in the Universe.” YouTube , uploaded by Cambridge University Cosmology, 12 Jan. 2021, www.youtube.com/watch?v=6eAMGN69B5k.

To reference an entire movie or television episode from YouTube as a source, treat it as a standard movie entry.

MLA YouTube video citation: Finding information

All the information required for an MLA YouTube video citation is found below the video itself. This includes:

• Name of the channel
• Video title
• Date of publication

You may have to click “show more” to discover extra information, but the basics are all clearly available.

MLA YouTube video citation: Creator

As you might expect, the uploader of a YouTube video is often the same person or group that created it. In this case, you needn’t repeat the name in the citation. Instead, begin your citation with the title (in quotation marks), followed by the uploader.

This is often the case with organizations and news networks, like the following MLA YouTube video citation entry from The Guardian:

An interview video works somewhat differently, with the interviewee’s name appearing as the author instead of the creator. For instance, the following interview from The Guardian would appear as an MLA YouTube video citation like this:

Dawkins, Richard. “Richard Dawkins – The Guardian Interview.” Interview by John Harris. YouTube , uploaded by The Guardian, 10 May 2013, www.youtube.com/watch?v=7iFvMn2vylM.

MLA YouTube video citation: Timestamps

Timestamps are used when you are taking a direct quote from a video or referring to a specific section. In this case, the YouTube video’s timestamp works just like a page number in textual work. Here, page numbers are included within the in-text citation and not in the Works Cited entry.

What has to be included in an in-text MLA YouTube video citation?

Just as with a standard MLA in-text citation, you need to include the first element as it appears in the Works Cited entry. In this case, the creator or a short version of the video title.

What should I do if I’m citing a video conference or presentation, like a TED Talk?

Follow the standard MLA YouTube citation format when citing a recorded conference or symposium. Cite the speaker as the author.

Are titles capitalized in the MLA style?

Yes. MLA entries should be capitalized, even if the video title originally isn’t. Be sure to capitalize all nouns, pronouns , verbs, adjectives , and adverbs.

When should I include a timestamp?

A timestamp is then included if you’re referencing/quoting a specific element of the video. It is listed only in the in-text citation and not in the Works Cited entry.

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YouTube Video Citation (MLA Format)

Cite a youtube video in mla, example youtube video citation.

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Introduction:

Citing sources is an important practice in academic writing, ensuring that proper credit is given to those whose ideas and information have been included in your work. When it comes to citing interviews in Modern Language Association (MLA) format, there are three common ways this can be done. In this article, we will explore each of these methods and provide step-by-step instructions on how to properly cite an interview in MLA.

1. Personal interviews:

When you have conducted an interview yourself, it is considered a personal interview or communication. To cite a personal interview in MLA format, follow these steps:

– Begin with the interviewee’s name in last name, first name format.

– Add the descriptor “Personal interview” (without quotes).

– Include the date of the interview.

Works Cited entry example:

Doe, John. Personal interview. 20 June 2021.

In-text citation example:

(John Doe, pers. comm., June 20, 2021)

2. Published or broadcast interviews:

If you are citing a published or broadcast interview from a printed source, radio, television or online platform such as podcast or YouTube video, follow these guidelines for proper MLA formatting:

– Begin by listing the interviewer’s name in last name, first name format.

– Add the phrase “Interview with” followed by the interviewee’s name.

– Include the title of the publication or program where the interview was found (italicized) and any other relevant information such as volume/issue numbers for print sources or publisher names for online sources.

– Specify the publication/broadcast date.

– For online sources, include the URL.

Smith, Jane. Interview with John Doe. The Weekly Podcast, episode 10, XYZ Media Inc., 15 June 2021, www.example.com/podcast/weekly_episode10.

(Jane Smith, The Weekly Podcast)

3. Citing an interview cited within another source:

Occasionally, you may come across an interview within another source, such as a book or article. In these cases, MLA style requires you to cite the original interviewee and the source where you found the interview. To do this:

– Begin by citing the original interviewee in last name, first name format.

– Add the phrase “qtd. in” (for “quoted in”).

– Follow with the citation information for the source where you found the interview.

Doe, John. Qtd. in Jane Smith’s “An Insightful Conversation with John Doe.” The Academic Journal, vol. 5, no. 2, 2021, pp. 123-130.

(John Doe, qtd. in Smith 126)

Conclusion:

Using one of these three methods will allow you to properly cite an interview in MLA format, whether it’s a personal communication or taken from another source. By following these guidelines meticulously, you will ensure that your academic work gives proper credit to those whose ideas and contributions have shaped your own understanding and writing.

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