india 75 years essay

Essay on 75 Years of Indian Independence

Students are often asked to write an essay on 75 Years of Indian Independence in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on 75 Years of Indian Independence

The journey of independence.

India has completed 75 years of independence, a journey that began on 15th August 1947. This period has been marked by significant growth and development, despite various challenges.

Post-Independence Era

Initially, India faced numerous issues like poverty and illiteracy. The leaders worked hard to uplift the country, focusing on education, infrastructure, and health.

Economic Progress

India has made remarkable economic progress. It’s now one of the fastest-growing economies, with advancements in technology, space research, and various industries.

Cultural Preservation

Despite modernization, India has managed to preserve its rich cultural heritage, showcasing its diversity to the world.

Looking Ahead

As India steps into the next 75 years, the aim is to build an inclusive, prosperous nation, ensuring a better future for all.

250 Words Essay on 75 Years of Indian Independence

Introduction.

India, a nation with a rich history, diverse culture, and a promising future, celebrated 75 years of independence in 2021. This milestone marks a journey of resilience, development, and transformation, which is worthy of reflection and celebration.

Post-Independence Struggles

The initial years following independence were marked by the daunting task of nation-building. The partition of India and Pakistan led to large-scale violence, displacement, and socio-economic challenges. The nascent government had to formulate a constitution, establish institutions, and ensure social justice amidst this chaos.

Progressive Developments

Over the years, India has made significant strides in various fields. The Green Revolution transformed the agricultural landscape, making India self-sufficient in food grains. The IT revolution positioned India as a global hub for technology and services. India’s space program, ISRO, has achieved remarkable feats, including the successful Mars Orbiter Mission.

Challenges and the Way Forward

Despite these accomplishments, India still grapples with issues such as poverty, illiteracy, and corruption. The economic disparity is a pressing concern that needs to be addressed. However, with the advent of digital technology and initiatives like Digital India, there is hope for a more inclusive and equitable future.

The 75 years of Indian independence is a saga of triumph, resilience, and constant evolution. The journey has been challenging, but the progress made is commendable. As we look forward to the future, the lessons from the past will guide India towards a prosperous and inclusive society.

500 Words Essay on 75 Years of Indian Independence

The dawn of independence.

India, a land of rich cultural heritage and diverse traditions, celebrated its 75th year of independence in 2021. This independence, achieved after a prolonged struggle against British rule, marked the beginning of a new era of self-governance, democracy, and socio-economic development. The journey from 1947 to the present day has been a saga of significant transformation and growth.

Post-Independence Challenges

The immediate aftermath of independence was a period of considerable challenges. The partition of the country into India and Pakistan led to widespread communal violence and a massive refugee crisis. The new nation was also faced with the task of integrating hundreds of princely states into the Indian Union. Despite these adversities, India managed to create a democratic system, which was a remarkable achievement considering the socio-economic conditions of the time.

Building a Democratic Republic

The adoption of the Constitution in 1950 laid the foundation for India as a democratic republic. The Constitution, which is the longest written constitution in the world, enshrines the principles of justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity. It established a parliamentary system of government, universal adult franchise, and a commitment to social justice and human rights.

Economic Development and Modernization

In the economic sphere, India embarked on a path of planned development with the establishment of the Planning Commission in 1950. The focus was on self-reliance and the development of key industries and infrastructure. Over the years, India has transitioned from an agrarian economy to a diversified one with substantial growth in sectors such as information technology, telecommunications, and services.

India on the Global Stage

India’s foreign policy, characterized by the principles of non-alignment and peaceful coexistence, has evolved over the years. India has played a significant role in international affairs, be it the fight against apartheid in South Africa or contributing to United Nations peacekeeping missions. Today, India is seen as a major global player with increasing influence in international forums.

The Road Ahead

As India celebrates 75 years of independence, it stands at a crucial juncture. While it has made significant strides in various spheres, challenges remain. Issues such as poverty, illiteracy, corruption, and environmental degradation need to be addressed. The vision for the future should be to build an inclusive, sustainable, and resilient India.

In conclusion, the journey of India since independence has been a story of resilience, transformation, and progress. The 75th year of independence is not just a milestone but a moment of reflection on the past and a vision for a brighter future. The onus is on the current generation to carry forward the legacy of the freedom fighters and work towards realizing the dream of a truly independent, prosperous, and inclusive India.

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India’s achievements after 75 years of Independence

India's achievements after 75 years of Independence: Article talks about the progress India has made in the last 75 years in the field of economic growth, scientific innovations and in other fields.

Table of Contents

India’s achievements after 75 Years of India’s Independence: India’s achivement after August 15th, 1947, has become a prime illustration of a remarkable growth tale. The journey demonstrates India’s development in areas such as agricultural production, nuclear and space technology, world-class educational institutions, Ayurveda, biotechnology, giant steel plants, and becoming a leader in information technology, as well as having the third-largest start-up ecosystem in the world.

India’s achievements after 75 years of Independence: Historic Events, Significant Achievements & Milestones

As India marks its 75th year of independence, let’s examine the historical occurrences, notable accomplishments, and noteworthy milestones that occurred during this time:

15 th August 1947: India’s Independence Day

India became independent from British rule on August 15, 1947. On August 14, 1947, just before the clock struck twelve, our first prime minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, gave the renowned “Tryst with Destiny” speech to the Indian Constituent Assembly in the Parliament. On August 15 in Delhi’s Red Fort, Pandit Nehru raised the Indian National Flag over the Lahori Gate.

26 th January 1950: India became a Republic Country

The Indian Constituent Assembly ratified the Constitution on November 26, 1949. Later, on January 26, 1950, the Indian Constitution went into effect. The Dominion of India became the Republic of India when the Constitution of India took the place of the Government of India Act 1935 as the primary law governing the nation. The Indian Constitution is the country’s highest law. Every year, India celebrates its Republic Day on January 26.

1951: India’s First Five-year Plan was launched

In 1951, Jawaharlal Nehru, our first prime minister, gave the First Five-Year Plan to the Indian Parliament. The Harrod-Domar model, with a few modifications, served as the foundation for the First Five-Year Plan, which concentrated primarily on the growth of the primary sector. Agricultural growth served as the first five-year plan’s guiding principle. The major goal was to find solutions to the various issues that the nation’s division had created. The objective of this strategy was to rebuild the nation once it gained independence.

1952: India witnessed the first Lok Sabha Election

India held general elections from October 25, 1951, to February 21, 1952. These were the first Lok Sabha elections held following the country’s independence in August 1947. On May 13, 1952, this Lok Sabha’s first session officially opened. There were 489 seats in the Lok Sabha overall, and 17.3 crore people were eligible to vote. 364 seats were won by the Indian National Congress (INC). The first Lok Sabha was dissolved on April 4, 1957, after serving its entire five-year term. Jawaharlal Nehru became India’s first prime minister to be chosen democratically.

1953: Air India was nationalized

Nine airlines—Air India, Air Services of India, Airways (India), Bharat Airways, Deccan Airways, Himalayan Aviation, Indian National Airways, Kalinga Airlines, and Air India International—were nationalised by Nehru under the Air Corporations Act of 1953 and placed under the control of two PSEs, Indian Airlines and Air India International.

1954: India and China signed the Panchsheel

In the Agreement on Trade and Intercourse between the Tibet region of China and India signed on April 29, 1954, the two governments first formally stated the Panchsheel, or Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, stating in its preamble that they “have resolved to enter into the present Agreement based on the following principles: –

Mutual respect for each other’s territorial integrity and sovereignty,
Mutual non-aggression,
Mutual non-interference,
Equality and mutual benefit, and
Peaceful co-existence.”

1955: State Bank of India (SBI) was founded

The State Bank of India was established on July 1st, 1955. In 1955, the Indian government nationalised the Imperial Bank of India, changing the bank’s name to State Bank of India and giving the Reserve Bank of India a 60% ownership interest.

1957: The decimalization of the rupee

On April 1, 1957, ten years after gaining independence from the British, Indian coins became decimal. In September 1955, the Indian Coinage Act was revised to include the decimal system. A circular from the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India stated, “Government accounting with effect from April 1, 1957 is to be maintained in terms of rupees and naye paise instead of rupees, annas, and pies,” in April 1956, after the modified Act became law. Therefore, all challans supporting funds submitted for payment of government dues must be represented in the new coinage. All withdrawal bills must be specified in terms of rupees and naye paise as well.

1960: Green Revolution Began

Norman Borlaug started the Green Revolution movement in the 1960s. He is referred to as the “Father of the Green Revolution” globally. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1970 as a result of his work creating high-yielding wheat varieties (HYVs).

1961: Liberation of Goa

The Republic of India’s process of annexing Estado da India, the former Portuguese Indian territory of Goa, Daman, and Diu, known as the Annexation of Goa, began with an armed intervention by the Indian Armed Forces in December 1961. This event is known as the “Liberation of Goa” in India.

1962: India-China War

In October and November of 1962, China and India fought a war known as the Sino-Indian War. The conflict was mostly sparked by a contested Himalayan border. On November 20, 1962, China announced a cease-fire and its withdrawal to its alleged “Line of Actual Control,” which marked the end of the war”.

1963: India’s first-ever rocket launch

The launch of the first sounding rocket from Thumba near Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala on 21 November 1963, marked the beginning of the Indian Space Programme. Sounding rockets made it possible to probe the atmosphere in situ using rocket-borne instrumentation. This was the first milestone in modern India’s space odyssey. Dr. Vikram Sarabhai and his then accomplice Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam were the brainchild of this achievement.

1965: Indo-Pakistani War

The Second Kashmir War, also known as the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, was the result of clashes between Pakistan and India between April 1965 and September 1965. Operation Gibraltar, a Pakistani operation intended to infiltrate troops into Jammu and Kashmir and spark an uprising against Indian sovereignty, was the direct cause of the conflict and brought it to a head. Indian troops crossed the line of the cease-fire on 15 August. The United Nations Security Council unanimously approved a resolution on September 20 calling for a 48-hour unconditional ceasefire between the two countries. Pakistan accepted the demand on September 23 while India did so right away.

1966: Indira Gandi Became First Female PM of India

Following Shastri’s unexpected passing in January 1966, Indira Gandhi was appointed Congress Party leader and subsequently became prime minister as part of a deal between the party’s right and left wings. However, the right wing of the party, led by the former minister of finance Morarji Desai, consistently opposed her leadership.

1969: Formation of Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)

In order to advance planetary exploration and space science research while advancing national development, ISRO was established in 1969. The Indian space program’s founding fathers, scientist Vikram Sarabhai and India’s first prime minister Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru, who founded INCOSPAR (Indian National Committee for Space Research) in 1962, are credited with creating ISRO, which succeeded INCOSPAR.

1970: White Revolution Began

Operation Flood, the largest dairy development programme ever initiated on January 13th, 1970, was an important undertaking for India’s National Dairy Development Board.

1971: India-Pakistan War

The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 was a military conflict between India and Pakistan that took place in East Pakistan from 3 December 1971 till Dacca (Dhaka) fell on 16 December 1971 as part of the Bangladesh Liberation War.

1975: The Emergency was imposed

India’s “Emergency” was a 21-month period from 1975 to 1977 during which Prime Minister Indira Gandhi imposed a national state of emergency. The Emergency was formally declared by President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed under Article 352 of the Constitution as a result of the ongoing “internal disturbance” and lasted from June 25, 1975, to March 21, 1977, when it was lifted. The majority of Indira Gandhi’s political rivals were put behind bars, elections were annulled, civil freedoms were suspended, and the press was restricted. During that time, many human rights were broken. One of the most contentious eras in independent India’s history is the Emergency.

1982: Colour television began its journey in India

When it began airing national programming in 1982, DD officially became a national broadcaster. Colour TVs were released in Indian markets the same year. The first colour television broadcast was the Independence Day parade on August 15, 1982, which was followed by the Asian Games in Delhi.

1983: India won the cricket World Cup for the first time

The Indian Cricket Team made history on June 25, 1983, when it defeated the two-time defending champion West Indies to win the World Cup. The turning point in cricket history is widely regarded as being India’s victory in 1983. The 1983 World Cup was held in England’s Lord’s Stadium. India reached the World Cup Final for the first time, and the West Indies were competing in their third straight World Cup final.

1987: Goa became one of the States of India

Goa became a state on May 30, 1987, and was divided into North Goa and South Goa as a result (Daman and Diu got their own union territory). The first Chief Minister of Goa, Daman, and Diu is Dayanand Bandodkar. On May 30, 1987, Goa became the 25th state of India.

1988: The SEBI was established

The Government established the Securities and Exchange Board of India on April 12, 1988, as a non-statutory body to handle all issues pertaining to the growth and regulation of the securities market, investor protection, and to provide guidance to the Government on all of these issues.

1989: Agni Missile was successfully launched

Liberalisation, Privatisation, and Globalisation were the three pillars of the new economic strategy of 1991. A severe balance of payments crisis that occurred in the same year served as the immediate catalyst for India’s economic reforms in 1991. India’s balance of payments issue first showed signals in late 1990 when its foreign exchange reserves started to decline.

1995: Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Limited was founded

On May 3, 1995, the Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC) was established in partnership by the governments of Delhi and India under the leadership of Prime Minister H.D. Deve Gowda[19].

1998: India conducted Pokhran-II tests

Twenty-four years after Pokhran-I, on May 11 and 13, 1998, the Indian Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) carried out five more nuclear tests at the Pokhran range, called “Pokhran-II.” Dr. R. Chidambaram, the Director of the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), and Dr. Abdul Kalam, the Chief Scientific Advisor and Director of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), served as the principal coordinators for this test planning.

1999: Kargil War

The Kargil War, commonly referred to as the Kargil conflict, was an armed battle that took place between India and Pakistan in the Kargil district of Jammu and Kashmir as well as other locations along the Line of Control from May to July 1999. By proclaiming victory over Pakistan in the Kargil war on July 26, 1999, India celebrated the successful conclusion of “Operation Vijay” and put an end to the three-month conflict along the Line of Control. Since then, the day has been recognised as “Kargil Vijay Diwas.”.

2000: Jharkhand became India’s 26th state

On November 15, 2000, Jharkhand was separated from Bihar’s 18 districts to form its own state. Later, six additional districts were created by rearranging the existing ones.

2007: First Woman President of India

Pratibha Patil, an Indian politician and attorney, presided over India as its first female president from 2007 until 2012.

2008: Chandrayaan-1 launched

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) launched Chandrayaan-1 on October 22, 2008, the nation’s first lunar probe under the Chandrayaan programme. India’s space programme received a big boost from the expedition as our nation created its own technologies to study the Moon.

2010: Education became a fundamental right of children

On August 4, 2009, the Indian Parliament passed the Right to Education Act (RTE), also known as the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act. In accordance with Article 21A of the Indian Constitution, it outlines the specifics of the significance of free and mandatory education for children in India between the ages of 6 and 14. India became one of the nations in the world to declare education to be a fundamental right when the Act went into effect on April 1, 2010.

2015: NITI Aayog was formed

The NITI Aayog, the country’s top public policy think tank and the nodal organisation charged with fostering cooperative federalism and accelerating economic development by involving state governments in the formulation of economic policy, was established on January 1, 2015.

2017: GST was launched by the Indian government

The GST, or Goods and Services Tax, was introduced by the Indian government and President of India at midnight on July 1, 2017. It was commemorated by a historic midnight session of both Houses of Parliament (June 30-July 1), which met in the Central Hall and was attended by prominent figures from the business and entertainment industries.

2020: COVID-19 Pandemic and India’s lockdown

India experienced the COVID-19 epidemic in 2020, and as a result of the ensuing lockdown, residents were confined to their houses. The story of lockdown started on the evening of March 24, 2020, when the Indian government imposed a 21-day statewide lockdown, restricting the movement of the whole populace in an effort to stop the pandemic from spreading. It came following a 14-hour voluntary public curfew on March 22 and the implementation of a number of rules in the areas of the nation affected by COVID-19.

2022: India gets its first tribal President

On July 25, 2022, Draupadi Murmu took the oath of office as India’s fifteenth president. She ran against Yashwant Sinha, the candidate for the top constitutional position put up by the unified opposition. Tribal leader Draupadi Murmu hails from Rairangpur in the Odisha district of Mayurbhanj.

Important Facts on India’s Achievement after Independence

Below is a brief list of some of India’s notable post-independence accomplishments:

The Indian Railways were founded in the year 1951.
With over 7000 stations, India’s rail system is the largest and busiest in the world.
India had its first general election in 1951.
The Apsara nuclear reactor, which was created in 1956, was Asia’s first nuclear reactor.
On the moon, Chandrayaan 1 was established in 2008.
Sir M Visvesvaraya, the pioneer of Indian economic planning, contributed to the development of the most effective form of the Indian economy.

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India's achievements after 75 years of Independence FAQs

What did india achieved after 75 years of independence.

In 1974, India conducted “Smiling Buddha”, its first nuclear test, making its place on the list of five nuclear-powered nations. This is one of the biggest achievements of India since 1947. Today, India has the 2nd largest military force and largest voluntary army in the world.

What we achieved in 75 years?

In the last seven-and-a-half decades, India achieved remarkable development in agriculture, heavy industry, irrigation, energy production, nuclear power capability, space technology, biotechnology, telecommunication, oceanography and science education and research.

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Essay on Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav in English: India’s 75 Years of Freedom

Updated on
Oct 26, 2023

As the clock struck midnight on August 15, 1947, India’s first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru delivered his historic speech, Tryst with Destiny. His words marked the beginning of a new era for India which finally broke the shackles of colonial rule. Fast forwarding to the 21st century, those revolutionary words are still remembered as India commences its Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav. Ever since its commencement, this topic has become popular in essay writing competitions. So, if you also need help in writing an essay, then continue reading to find samples.

Also Read: Essay On Subhash Chandra Bose for Students

This Blog Includes:

Essay on azadi ka amrit mahotsav (in 100 words), essay on azadi ka amrit mahotsav (in 200 words), essay on azadi ka amrit mahotsav (in 500 words).

Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav is a phrase in Hindi that symbolizes the great initiative taken by the Government of India. Inaugurated on 12 March 2021 in Ahmedabad, it celebrates the auspicious completion of 75 years of Independence. It includes five different themes such as Freedom Struggle (commemorating unsung heroes), Achievements@75 (Inda’s evolution and progress), Actions@75 (implementing policies), Ideas@75 (events that shaped the nation), and Resolve@75 (collective determination to shape the future). To reflect on the nation’s rich history, this festival will also consist of different events with the final event taking place on 15 August 2023.

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75 Years of Independence Celebration: Know India’s Journey of Science & Technology Development

75 years of independence celebration: let’s look at india’s 75 years of science & technological development journey post-independence from 15th august 1947 till now including significant achievements and major milestones..

75 Years of Independence Celebration: Modern India is an epitome of Scientific and Technological Development and is one of the key elements for economic growth . Post 15 th August 1947, India’s journey has become a great example of an impressive growth story. As claimed by the Indian Brand Equity Foundation, India is among the topmost countries in the world in the field of scientific research and has been positioned as one of the top five nations in the field of space exploration. India has continuously undertaken space missions, including missions to the moon and the famed Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV). India also ranks third among the most attractive investment destinations for technology transactions in the world.

75 Years of India’s Independence: Major Scientific & Technological Developments

Our First Prime Minister, Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru said “ Science is not merely an individual’s search for truth; it is something infinitely more than that if it works for the community ”. He made efforts to convert India’s economy into that of a modern state and to fit her into the nuclear age and do it quickly. As India is celebrating the 75 th anniversary of its independence, let’s look what were the major Scientific & Technological developments during this period:

Development of Agricultural Technology

Development of Defence Technology

Development of Space Technology

The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), also called Mangalyaan, is a space probe orbiting Mars since 24 September 2014. It was launched on 5 November 2013 by the Indian Space Research Organisation.

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Arts & Culture

Celebrating 75 years of independent India

05 Aug, 2022

[[read-time]] min read

August 15th, 1947 is etched deep into history and people’s collective memory as the day that India achieved independence. Over the last 75 years, India has channeled her civilizational strengths and cultural diversity into a brand new shared future, and opportunities for achievement, progress, and prosperity for its billion-plus citizens, making our country an inspiration for the rest of the world.

In our journey in India over the past 15+ years, we have had the privilege of solving for India’s unique needs, inspiring innovations that have not just benefited hundreds of millions of people here but those all around the world.

As India ushers in its vision for the next 25 years, we’re excited to join in the country’s 75th Independence Day celebrations by launching a series of special initiatives over the course of the anniversary year across our products and services. These initiatives will enable the many millions of Digital Indians today to participate in this momentous occasion, be inspired by the milestones the country has marked in the past, and moreover, celebrate the steady progress it continues to make on so many fronts.

We are pleased to join the Ministry of Culture to offer people informative online content on the contributions of Indians and the evolution of India’s progress throughout the Government’s own year-long ‘ Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav ’ program.

Mr. G Kishan Reddy, Minister of Tourism, Culture and Development of North Eastern Region of India: “Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav is an initiative of the Government of India to celebrate and commemorate 75 years of independence and the glorious history of its people, culture, and achievements. This Mahotsav is dedicated to the people of India who have not only been instrumental in bringing India thus far in its evolutionary journey but also hold within them the power and potential to enable Prime Minister Narendra Modi's vision of activating India 2.0, fuelled by the spirit of Aatmanirbhar Bharat. Having made tremendous progress on empowering citizens through digital, I am hopeful that the partnership with Google shall strengthen the Ministry’s goal of preserving, promoting and disseminating all forms of Indian art and culture. I am pleased to note that Google is launching a broad-based effort to leverage its products and services and pay tribute to the occasion. This is an important expansion of our collaborations with Google Arts & Culture in digitising India’s rich history and heritage.”

The centerpiece of the celebrations is the launch of a new collection on Google Arts & Culture named ‘ India ki Udaan ’. This collection will celebrate India’s unwavering spirit and its 75 years of independence. This special collection, whose literal translation means “India takes flight”, allows anyone to explore more than 120 illustrations and 21 stories created by 10 talented artists, alongside exhibitions from various institutions across India — including the Ministry of Tourism, Museum of Art & Photography, Heritage Directorate of the Indian Railways, the Indian Academy of Sciences and the Dastkari Haat Samiti. This initiative offers a unique view of some of India's remarkable moments and lets people discover India’s history, its iconic personalities, its proudest scientific and sporting achievements, and how women in India continue to inspire the world. As we go forward, we’ll continue to work with partners and artists to enrich the collection.

Click to check out Google Arts & Culture’s new India ki Udaan collection

Amit Sood, Director, Google Arts & Culture: “We’re thrilled to join the celebration with a brand new collection called ‘India ki Udaan’. Our Google Arts & Culture journey began in India ten years ago. Over the past decade, our mission of making world culture more accessible to everyone through technology has evolved. And thanks to more than 100 partners in India, we bring the cultural treasures, stories, and artists from India to the global audience. To our partners, a huge thank you. And by partners we mean everyone: the curator spending time to create a stunning online exhibition, the art handlers who help digitise thousands of spaces and archives, the preservation expert sharing fragile treasures, the directors who believe in participating in an online platform, and everyone behind the scenes. Together with our partners, we look forward to enriching our India ki Udaan collections by bringing to it the unique blend of archives and artistry for people in India and across the globe.”

Starting today, you can explore the ‘India ki Udaan ’ collection in English and Hindi on Google Arts & Culture. Read more here .

A celebration such as this would remain incomplete without the participation of children whose hopes and dreams will help shape the future. We’re thrilled to open up entries to the 2022 Doodle for Google contest on the theme of “In the next 25 years, my India will…” to students from Grade 1-10 based in India through September 30, 2022. For details on how to enter the contest, resources for educators and parents, as well the contest rules, head to our website . The National Winner will see their artwork on the Google homepage in India on November 14th, and win a INR 500,000 college scholarship, a INR 200,000 technology package for their school/non-profit organisation, a recognition of achievement, Google hardware, and fun Google collectibles. 4 Group winners and 15 finalists will also win exciting prizes. We can’t wait to see what students create.

Starting August 15th, we will be launching many delightful experiences across our other products and services for people to participate in the celebrations.

Happy Diwali from Google Arts & Culture!

Celebrate holi virtually with stories from across india.

Google Arts & Culture partners with Incredible India, Ministry of Tourism and 15 cultural institutions globally to create Holi @ Home, a virtual destination for everyone…

Dive into Diwali at home with Google Arts & Culture

Google Arts & Culture has created a virtual Diwali experience that everyone can be a part of, wherever you are in the world.

India’s mini-masterpieces brought to life with AI and AR

Stay "connected to culture" on International Museum Day

Story: Raka Mukherjee

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Current Affairs for UPSC IAS

Category Polity & Governance
Published 19th Aug, 2022

Introduction

“India is the cradle of human race, the birthplace of human speech, the mother of history, the grandmother of tradition."

- Mark Twain

Seventy-five years ago, India gained Independence from British rule and went on to become one of the largest democracies in the world. In January 1950, India became a republic. While this was much to celebrate, but India has inherited then was an economy battered by colonial exploitation and the horrors of partition. For a country that started its space program with rocket parts being transported to the launch site on a bicycle and ox carts, it now plans to send humans to space.

With the end of Mughal rule, India broke into hundreds of princely states. The British – which was instrumental in the fall of the Mughal Empire – held control over the princely states and created the British Indian Empire.
However, most Indians were extremely dissatisfied with the exploitative foreign rule.
The educated Indians realised that the British always gave priority to their colonial interests and treated India only as a market.
They advocated for the political independence of India.
Initially, its aim was to create a platform for civic and political dialogue between Indians and the British Raj and thus obtain a greater share in government for educated Indians.

About the Indian Freedom struggle

India has went through many hurdles and showcase their opposition to British Raj by several movements in every section of the society like;
Kheda Satyagraha
Champaran Movement
Civil Disobedience movement and Dandi March
Individual Satyagraha and many more;

These movements had led the Britishers to view India’s demands which lead to several agreements and pacts; which later become foundation for India’s Independence:

Gandhi-Irwin Pact
Government of India act, 1935
The communal Award
Cripps mission
August offer etc.

Though India got Independence in 15 th August 1947, the major challenges started thereafter as the wounds of partition, a country with Poverty and malnourishment with loss of all resources left us in a grim situation. Though our leaders pledged to overcome from these issues and worked in the path of progress. India has achieved many milestones since then. Let us look at some;

India’s Achievements

Political Achievements:
Right to vote: From the very first day after Independence, India gave every adult the right to vote. In the US, the right to vote for every individual was given about 150 years after their independence.
First general elections : India took a democratic leap by conducting its first general elections in 1951, with Congress registering a thumping victory by winning 364 of the 489 seats. Jawaharlal Nehru became India’s first prime minister.
First Asian Games : India hosted the first-ever Asian Games in the year 1951 in New Delhi.
Simla Agreement: India and Pakistan signed the pact in 1972 “to settle their differences by peaceful means through bilateral negotiations”.
Economic achievements: After independence, the Planning Commission propelled the vision of the Planning Committee to overcome the British legacy, the double burden of poverty and inequality.
The national movement saw planning and the public sector as necessities, not just to regenerate industry and agriculture but redistribute the benefits of development to all sections.
White Revolution: In 1970, India saw the White Revolution (Operation Flood) — the world’s biggest dairy development program, pioneered by Verghese Kurien. It transformed India from a milk deficient nation into the world’s largest milk producer .
Few other developments in its path includes; 1991 economic reforms, Green revolution, Demonetisation and implementation of Banking reforms.
Globally India has become an initiator and an achiever in the field of environmental conservation now.
Since, world is in quest of exploiting its natural resources and now in a way to exhaust them completely, all pledged to shift to renewable energy, which India is abundant to all its forms.
This has opened path for India to become a global leader in this field. Few initiatives include; one Sun one world, one grid and nationally determined Contributions (NDCs).
With the strategy to connect to the world maintaining cooperation was India’s International Relations targets.
The US and India also celebrate the 75th anniversary of diplomatic relationship and remained to maintain its rules based order and Open Indo-pacific strategy.
India has now friendly relations with Japan, South Korea, USA, UK, Russia and France which accounts for world’s 40% of the economy.
Science and Development: It built the Central Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) laboratories, the five Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs), the Indian Statistical Institute (ISI) and numerous scientific institutions.
Space research is one such field in which India became sixth largest global power.
Pokhran 1: India conducted its first nuclear test, codenamed “Smiling Buddha”, in the year 1974. With this, India broke into the list of five nuclear-powered nations.

India’s struggle: Downfalls and challenges

Although in its journey to achieve the above achievements, India has to face several challenges and downfalls which can be enlisted as below;

1962 Sino-India war: The trigger for the war between India and China was a border issue, with the Chinese side refusing to accept the McMohan Line and Line of Actual Control. The war ended with China declaring a ceasefire in a month.
Chipko Movement: The Chipko Andolan was a forest conservation movement in India. It began in 1973 in Reni village of Chamoli district, Uttarakhand.
Emergency: Due to prevailing “internal tensions”, then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi declared a state of Emergency that lasted from 1975 to 1977 . It resulted in the suspension of elections and curbing of civil liberties.
1976 mass sterilisation: The campaign was initiated by Sanjay Gandhi and saw about 6.2 million men sterilised in a year, with about 2000 dead owing to botched-up surgeries.
Operation Blue Star: It was the codename for military action to remove militant leader Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale and his followers from the Golden Temple complex in Amritsar.
Bhopal gas tragedy: The Bhopal disaster was a gas leak incident on the night of December 3, 1984 at the Union Carbide India Limited pesticide plant in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh that killed more than 3000 people and left thousands with disabilities.
Babri Masjid demolition: On December 6, 1992, the disputed Babri Masjid at Ayodhya was demolished by Hindu nationalist groups leading to riots across India, Over 2,000 people were killed in the riots.
1999 Kargil war: India launched ‘ Operation Vijay’ after Pakistani forces infiltrated inside LoC. The war ended in July, with India successfully recapturing Tiger Hill.
2002 Gujarat riots: The burning of a train in Godhra on February 27, 2002, triggered one of the worst communal riots in the history of India, leaving 1,044 dead, 223 missing and 2,500 injured.
2004 tsunami: A huge tsunami triggered by a massive undersea earthquake in the Indian Ocean killed an estimated 10,000 people in India, affecting the states of Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Andaman.
J&K bifurcation and end of special status: On August 6, 2019, the Parliament passed a bill dividing Jammu and Kashmir into two union territories of J&K and Ladakh and also adopted a resolution scrapping special status of the state under Article 370.

Way forward for India

Focus of India @100 years of Independence in the Prime Minister’s speech

Under the banner of Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav , 75 th year's Independence Day is truly special in a number of ways.
This Mahotsav (or the grand celebration) is dedicated to the people of India who have not only been instrumental in bringing India thus far in its evolutionary journey but also hold within them the power and potential to enable Prime Minister Narendra Modi's vision of activating India 2.0, fuelled by the spirit of Aatmanirbhar Bharat.
National pride and self-esteem were dominant themes as the Prime ministers urged the country to rid itself of the need to look for approval from abroad.
India is now aspiring to complete all its targets and become enriched politically, economically, sustainable environmental growth and in its Technological advancements till its 100th year of independence in

Despite of India’s achievements and rich cultural history, it needs to achieve its full potential and must also hold it and sail with the rest of the world in meeting the benchmarks of democratic rights, equitable distribution of wealth and access to health and education. India might not need approval from other countries, but it needs to do better on rights and freedoms, welfare and justice, growth and development, and in building a more egalitarian society.

‘Effectiveness’ of Carbon Credits (SPECIALS)

Sustainable Construction

India's Climate Goals: Net-Zero and Black Carbon Reduction

Slowdown in Foreign Direct Investment

India to replace minimum wage with ‘living wage’

India Employment Report 2024

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AP PHOTOS: The story of India, 75 years in the making

FILE - Muslim refugees sit on the roof of an overcrowded coach railway train in trying to flee India near New Delhi on Sept. 19, 1947. About 5 million Muslims migrated from India to Pakistan after India gained its independence on Aug. 15. (AP Photo/File)

FILE - The body of assassinated Indian leader Mahatma Gandhi, covered with rose petals, is carried to the site of his cremation in New Delhi, Jan. 31, 1948. (AP Photo/Max Desfor, File)

FILE - Voters receive ballots from polling station officials for India’s first General Election in a rural Delhi state village in India around Dec. 14, 1951. (AP Photo/File)

FILE - Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, left, visits the Dalai Lama, spiritual and temporal head of Tibet, at Birla House in the hill station of Mussoorie, India on April 24, 1959. The Dalai Lama fled Communist Chinese-controlled Tibet and is living in exile at Birla House. (AP Photo/File)

FILE - Two Tibetans haul long sticks of wood along a mountain road in the North East Frontier Area as they aid the Indians in battling the Chinese Red invaders, Nov. 15, 1962. The Tibetans, refugees from the fighting front, had settled in the area after being driven from their home. (AP Photo/Dennis Lee Royle, File)

FILE - Armed East Pakistan fighters head for the battle front by pedicab, in Jessore, East Pakistan on April 2, 1971. The town, near the border with India, was the scene of fierce fighting between East Pakistan followers of Bengali nationalist leader Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and Pakistan Army forces. (AP Photo/File)

FILE - Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, right, and President of Pakistan Zulfikar Ali Bhutto shake hands after signing and agreement in the Governor’s Mansion, in Simla, India, June 28, 1972. After several days of talks, the agreement calls for the withdrawal of forces from their borders and renunciation of the use of force. (AP Photo/File)

FILE - Indian cricket team captain Kapil Dev, second from left, hugs Indian bowler Madan Lal while the rest of the Indian team celebrate at Lord’s after Gavaskar had caught West Indian, Larry Gomes, for five of the bowling of Madan Lal during the Prudential World Cup Final in London, June 25, 1983. India won the World Cup for the first time in 1983. (AP Photo/Peter Kemp, File)

FILE - A Sikh militant holds field glasses to look at government troops from his perch on the Golden Temple in Amritsar as the Indian Army moved men into positions near the temple complex, June 5, 1984. On June 6, 1984, Indian troops attacked to flush out occupying militants. About 1,200 people died in the fighting. The storming of the temple followed weeks of growing tension between the government of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi and Sikhs in the northern state of Punjab. Gandhi was killed in reprisal by her Sikh bodyguards four months later. (AP Photo/Sondeep Shankar, File)

FILE - Firemen use a hose to wet canvas screens at factory boundaries to prevent the spread of dangerous fumes at the Union Carbide plant in Bhopal, India, December, 1984. On Dec. 3, 1984, the pesticide plant run by Union Carbide leaked about 40 tons of deadly methyl isocyanate gas into the air, killing an estimated 15,000 people and affecting at least 500,000 more. Michigan-based Dow Chemical Co. took over Union Carbide in 2001. (AP Photo/Peter Kemp, File)

FILE - Young Muslim separatists come into the streets with guns, defying an army curfew and demanding independence in Kashmir, Monday, Jan. 23, 1990. Kashmir is divided between India and Pakistan and claimed by both in its entirety. The region’s fury at Indian rule has been long seething and most Muslim Kashmiris support the rebel goal of uniting the territory, either under Pakistani rule or as an independent country. An armed rebellion against Indian rule began in 1990’s. (AP Photo/Ajit Kumar, File)

FILE- Supporters of the anti-reservation movement hoist a colleague in the air during a massive rally near parliament house in New Delhi on Tuesday, Oct. 2, 1990. The affirmative action plan for lower castes have sparked a series of protests by upper caste students who say it will deprive them employment opportunities. (AP Photo/Ajit Kumar, File)

FILE - Rajiv Gandhi’s wife Sonia, center, and her two children, Rahul and Priyanka, look back from the burning pyre after the body of the former Indian Prime Minister was set on fire during his funeral in New Delhi, Friday, May 24, 1991. Gandhi was killed by a Sri Lankan suicide bomber at an election rally in Sriperumbudur in Southern India. (AP Photo/Denis Paquin, File)

FILE - Hindu fundamentalists walk along the perimeter wall of the disputed site of a Ram temple to be built where the Babri mosque, at rear behind trees, still stood when this picture was taken in Ayodhya, Dec. 6, 1992. Later on militant Hindus stormed the 430-year old Muslim mosque and destroyed it. In 2019, India’s Supreme Court ruled in favor of building a Hindu temple on the disputed site. Hindus believe their god Ram was born there and say the Muslim Emperor Babur built a mosque on top of a temple at the site. (AP Photo/Udo Weitz, File)

FILE - The skeletal remains of a transport bus are seen alongside burning vehicles and damaged buildings outside Bombay’s Passport Office after a massive explosion, March 12, 1993. Twelve bombs exploded in less than 20 minutes at various locations, killing hundreds in India’s financial capital. According to the Bombay Police, the prime culprit Dawood Ibrahim, who masterminded the attacks, is still at large and lives as a “free man” in Karachi, Pakistan. (AP Photo/Sherwin Crasto, File)

FILE - Indian Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee, second left, Defense Minister George Fernandes, center, founder of the Indian nuclear program A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, center right, and Atomic Energy Chief R. Chidambaram display the victory symbol during a visit to the Shakti 1 test site, where India tested nuclear devices a week earlier, in Pokhran, India, May 20, 1998. (AP Photo/Ajit Kumar, File)

FILE - Indian artillery guns are engulfed in smoke in Dras, some 155 kilometers (96 miles) in north of Srinagar, India, on Saturday, July 10, 1999. The conflict with Pakistan that raged for three months across the disputed Kashmir region had nearly brought the nuclear neighbors to a war. (AP Photo/Aijaz Rahi, File)

FILE - Pakistani Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif, left, and his Indian counterpart Atal Bihari Vajpayee wave upon Vajpayee’s arrival in Wagha border, 28 kilometers (17 miles) from Lahore, Pakistan, Saturday, Feb. 20, 1999. Vajpayee arrived for talks with Sharif to pave a way to mend the deteriorated bi-lateral relationship between the two nations for the first time since the both countries conducted nuclear testing last year. (AP Photo/B.K.Bangash, File)

FILE - Commuters travel on an overloaded truck outside Calcutta, India, Wednesday, May 10, 2000. India’s population officially hit 1 billion a day later on May 11, 2000, an event marked with fanfare and concern over the nation’s too-rapid growth. (AP Photo/Bikas Das, File)

FILE - An aerial view shows the destruction in the town of Anjar, India, some 50 kilometers (30 miles) east of Bhuj, Tuesday, Jan. 30, 2001. The 7.9 magnitude quake in Gujarat state killed more than 20,000 people. (AP Photo/Enric Marti, File)

FILE - Razia, a Muslim woman, cries while praying by her destroyed home near Ahmedabad, India, March 2, 2002. Vengeful Hindu mobs torched Muslim homes, killing scores, as rioting spread through western Gujarat state leading to the death of at least 1,000 in one of India’s worst religious strife. (AP Photo/Aman Sharma, File)

FILE - Paliyamma grieves on returning to her damaged house at a fishermen’s colony hit by the tsunami, in Nagappattinam, in the southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu, Dec. 31, 2004. The huge tsunami triggered by a massive undersea earthquake in the Indian Ocean killed more than 10,000 Indians. Paliyamma lost seven members of her family. (AP Photo/Gurinder Osan, File)

FILE- An Indian soldier takes cover as the Taj Mahal hotel burns during a gun battle between Indian military and militants inside the hotel in Mumbai, India, Nov. 29, 2008. The three days of terror in Mumbai carried out by the Pakistan-based militant group Lashkar-e-Taiba left 166 people dead. (AP Photo/David Guttenfelder, File)

FILE - Competitors from various nations ride in a pack on the promenade at Rajpath in front of the landmark India Gate monument in the men’s 168 km cycling road race during the Commonwealth Games in New Delhi, India, Sunday, Oct. 10, 2010. India hosted the Games for the first time in 2010. (AP Photo/Kevin Frayer, File)

FILE - India’s most famous prisoner of conscience Irom Sharmila, who has been on a hunger strike since November 2000 to protest against the Armed Forces Special (Powers) Act, cries by her bed at the Jawaharlal Nehru Hospital in Imphal, in the northeastern Indian state of Manipur, Nov. 3, 2014. The act gives the military sweeping powers to search, arrest and even shoot suspects with little fear of prosecution. Human rights groups have long accused security forces of abusing the law. Sharmila ended her 16-year hunger strike on Aug. 9, 2016. (AP Photo/Anupam Nath, File)

FILE- Indian cricketers celebrate their win with the trophy in the Cricket World Cup final match against Sri Lanka in Mumbai, India April 2 , 2011. India won the Cup for the second time, after almost three decades. (AP Photo/Aijaz Rahi, File)

FILE - Bahujan Samaj Party Chief Mayawati, center, is presented with a gold crown by her supporters at a public rally, in Mumbai, India Nov. 25, 2007. In 2007, Indian politics saw a major shift when the country’s most prominent Dalit leader, Mayawati, pulled off a surprise election victory in the country’s most populous state. Dalits form the lowest rung of India’s Hindu caste hierarchy. (AP Photo/Rajesh Nirgude, File)

FILE - Protesters shield themselves as police beat them with sticks during a violent demonstration near the India Gate against a gang rape and brutal beating of a 23-year-old student on a bus last week, in New Delhi, India Dec. 23, 2012. The attack sparked widespread protests across the country, leading to tougher laws against rape. (AP Photo/Kevin Frayer, File)

FILE - Opposition Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) leader and India’s next prime minister Narendra Modi greets the gathering at the home of his 90-year-old mother in Gandhinagar, in the western Indian state of Gujarat, Friday, May 16, 2014. Modi won the most decisive election victory the country has seen in more than a quarter century and swept the long-dominant Congress party from power. (AP Photo/Saurabh Das, File)

FILE - A gay rights activist celebrates after the country’s top court struck down a colonial-era law that made homosexual acts punishable by up to 10 years in prison, in New Delhi, India Sept. 6, 2018, a landmark victory for gay rights that one judge said would “pave the way for a better future.” (AP Photo/Altaf Qadri, File)

FILE - An Indian national flag, left, flies next to a Jammu and Kashmir state flag on the Civil Secretariat building, in Srinagar, Indian controlled Kashmir Aug. 9, 2019. On Aug. 5, 2019, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s government passed legislation in Parliament that stripped Jammu and Kashmir’s statehood, scrapped its separate constitution and removed inherited protections on land and jobs. While deeply unpopular in Muslim-majority Kashmir, Modi was cheered by supporters for fulfilling a long-held Hindu nationalist pledge to scrap the restive region’s special privileges and assimilate Kashmir into the rest of the country. (AP Photo/ Dar Yasin, File)

FILE - Indians wave national flags and shout slogans behind a police barricade during a protest against the Citizenship Amendment Act in New Delhi, India, Friday, Dec. 20, 2019. The new law provides a fast track to naturalization for some migrants who entered the country illegally while fleeing religious persecution. But it excludes Muslims, which critics say is discriminatory and a violation of India’s Constitution. (AP Photo/Altaf Qadri, File)

FILE - Indian farmers wait for the outcome of a meeting with the government at the protest site against new agricultural laws, on a highway at the Delhi-Haryana state border, India, Thursday, Dec. 3, 2020. Indian prime minister Narendra Modi’s government had insisted that the laws were necessary reforms to modernize Indian farming and would lead to a deregulated market with more private-sector control of agriculture. The farmers said the laws would drastically shrink their incomes and leave them at the mercy of big corporations. After a year, Modi made a surprise announcement to withdraw them. (AP Photo/Manish Swarup, File)

FILE - A man runs to escape heat from multiple funeral pyres of COVID-19 victims at a crematorium on the outskirts of New Delhi, India, Thursday, April 29, 2021. India’s excess deaths during the pandemic could be a staggering 10 times the official COVID-19 toll, likely making it modern India’s worst human tragedy, according to the most comprehensive research yet on the ravages of the virus in the South Asian country. Most experts believe India’s official toll of more than 414,000 dead is a vast undercount, but the government has dismissed those concerns as exaggerated and misleading. (AP Photo/Amit Sharma, File)

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NEW DELHI (AP) — “At the stroke of the midnight hour,” India’s first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru said, “when the world sleeps, India will awake to life and freedom.”

The historic speech just before midnight on Aug. 15, 1947 turned the hopes of millions into reality. India was a free, independent country. Its British colonial history was in the past. A new future beckoned.

Seventy-five years on, India is a vastly changed country. Its story is told through its throbs of tumult, daunting hurdles, spirited triumphs and terrible tragedies.

This is the story of India.

Before leaving the Indian subcontinent, British colonialists drew an imaginary line that led to the creation of India and Pakistan, a process that triggered massive migration and religious riots. Hundreds of thousands died in the violence. Some 12 million people fled their homes.

That same year, India and Pakistan fought their first war over disputed Kashmir, leading to the region being divided between the rival countries.

The wounds of partition were still fresh when independence leader Mahatma Gandhi was assassinated in 1948.

India emerged quickly from the tumult and in 1951 took a democratic leap by holding its first general elections.

But soon India met with a crisis on its borders. In 1959, the Dalai Lama fled to India after a failed Tibetan uprising. Three years later, in 1962, India and China were at war.

In 1971, India fought another war with Pakistan, this time over New Delhi’s involvement in the independence of Bangladesh (formerly East Pakistan) under Prime Minister Indira Gandhi.

India’s democracy went through a major test in 1975 when Gandhi declared a formal emergency. It lasted nearly two years and culminated with her ouster from office.

A 1983 victory in the Cricket World Cup fulfilled a million dreams, but a year later India was shaken by two cataclysmic events.

Gandhi, who had returned to power in 1980 elections, ordered an army siege on the Golden Temple in Punjab in 1984 to crush Sikh extremism. That same year she was assassinated by her Sikh bodyguards, leading to massive anti-Sikh riots.

Dramatic progress came with historic reforms in the 1990s that spurred growth. But it coincided with major upheaval, including an armed insurgency in disputed Kashmir.

In 1991, former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi was assassinated by an ethnic Tamil suicide bomber. In 1992, Hindu mobs demolished a historic mosque in Ayodhya city, sparking countrywide riots. And in 1993, a series of explosions shook Mumbai city and killed more than 250 people.

India chose to show its military might in 1998 by conducting a series of five nuclear tests; Pakistan followed with its own tests. In 1999, the two countries fought a limited war in Kargil.

2000-Present

The new millennium started on a grim note: A massive earthquake in Gujarat state killed more than 20,000 people.

A year later, in 2002, the state erupted in anti-Muslim riots, leading to the death of at least 1,000 people. In 2004, a huge tsunami triggered by a massive undersea earthquake in the Indian Ocean killed more than 10,000 Indians.

India signed a nuclear accord with the U.S. in 2008. The same year, the Pakistan-based militant group Lashkar-e-Taiba carried out a series of attacks in Mumbai, leaving 166 people dead.

The 2010s marked a significant change in India’s politics and public discourse.

In 2012, the country saw widespread protests after the gang rape and murder of a 22-year-old woman on a bus in New Delhi. The protests led to tougher laws against rape.

Two years later, Prime Minister Narendra Modi won a landslide victory in general elections. Modi repeated the feat in 2019, and his rule since has been marked by increased religious polarization and contentious decisions such as scrapping Kashmir’s semi-autonomy.

India again convulsed in nationwide protests in 2020 and 2021 against a religious-driven citizenship law and controversial agricultural reforms. They coincided with one of the country’s biggest challenges: a tsunami of coronavirus cases.

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Essay On Independent India @75 Self Reliance with Integrity

Hello Friend, In this post “ Essay On Independent India @75 Self Reliance with Integrity “, We will read about Independent India @ Self Reliance with Integrity as an Essay in Details. So…

Let’s Start…

One of the most memorable days in Indian history is 15th August. It’s the day on which the Indian subcontinent got independence after a long struggle.

On 15th August 1947, Our country India became Independent from the slavery of the British.

After independence, India became the largest democracy in the world. Today it has been 75 years since we got independence.

After attaining Independence, India started taking small steps on the path of development in every field.

When our country became independent, we had many dreams like- self-reliance in India, Digital India, Developed India, Prosperous India, etc.

But just imagine, have all these dreams come true? we can say that some of these dreams are still.

In the last few years, India has moved towards making India a self-reliant India with the aim of eliminating its dependence on foreign countries in almost every single field.

Self-reliance is a vision of the prime minister Of India Mr. Narendra Modi of making India is a self-reliant nation.

Till then no country can be kept in the category of the developed country until it stands on its feet.

The dependence of any country on another country is like a person who cannot move even a step forward without Vaishakhi.

Seeing the importance of self-Reliance, This program was started by Shri Narendra Modi Ji.

Now every day India is taking small but strong steps towards becoming self-reliant. Being self-reliant is the dream of every individual, society, and Nation.

We can say that “Self-reliance is the only road to true freedom and being one’s own person is its ultimate reward.”

Although India has come a long way since its independence in 1947 some things in our society still stand.

The important things in this journey are to overcome the people’s differentiation based on gender, caste, or ethical values.

If we desire for the country to be self-reliant then we must change our mindset because this is where everything begins and ends.

Horrific and gruesome practices which divide the public into many sets are still practiced in our society and this, in turn, holds us back from attaining development and our goals.

Slogan On Independent India @75 Self-Reliance With Integrity

Essay On Independent India @75 Self Reliance and Integrity In Hindi

Debate On Independent India @75 Self-Reliance with Integrity

We are still following the British practice of division despite 75 years of freedom and this has harmed our society in the long term.

“ The first step of integrity, loyalty, honesty, discipline, and self-Reliance ”

In the last 14 years Mr. Atal Bihari Vajpayee said, “ I dream of an India that is prosperous strong, and caring. An India, that regains a place of honor in the comity of great nations “.

If we take the example of a recent incident that happen across the world, we are talking about Covid-19.

Coronavirus was spread all over the world. Everyone had to stay indoors for a few days. All routes relation were completely closed.

In such a situation, by taking the help of self-Reliance, we have provided various facilities in our country itself.

Forgetting all caste and religious discrimination, we are in the thread of Integrity.

So, in the end, we can say that, to make a completely self-reliant India we should bind us all in the thread of integrity.

Only then we can say that India still shows its integrity.

“ Self-Reliance leads to self-improvement and self-discovery. ”

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Short Essay on Independence Day - The Day India Became Independent

The day of 15th August 1947 has been embossed in the golden history of India. It is the day when India got its freedom from 200 years of British rule. It was a hard and long struggle in which many freedom fighters and great men sacrificed their lives for our beloved motherland.

India celebrates its Independence Day on the 15th of August every year. However, this year, the auspicious day is being celebrated as ‘77 Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav 2023’. Independence Day, called the Red-Letter Day in the history of our country, is celebrated as a national holiday throughout India.

Independence Day 2023 helps us remember every one of the penances our political dissidents made to liberate India from British rule. On 15th August 1947, India was announced free from British imperialism and turned into the biggest vote-based system, the largest democracy in the world.

In this essay on Independence Day, students can track down every one of the significant subtleties of India's Independence history. They can allude to it for their exam preparation as papers are generally asked in the CBSE English paper. Additionally, they can utilise this article as study material for the Independence Day essay for kids during the exam.

Essay on Independence Day 2023

15th August is commended as a public celebration with flag hoisting, marches, and social works. Schools, universities, workplaces, society buildings, government, and private associations celebrate this day beautifully. On this day, the Prime Minister of India hoists the National Flag at the Red Fort and addresses the country with a speech. Doordarshan communicates the whole occasion in real-time on TV.

History of Independence Day

In 1947, on 15th August, India became independent. We won freedom from British Raj after a hard struggle. On this day at the stroke of midnight, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, our first Prime Minister, unfurled the National Flag at the Red Fort for the first time. It marked the end of the 200 years old British reign in India. We now breathe air in a free and sovereign nation.

The British have governed India for about 200 years. Under British colonisation, the life of every Indian was dismal and full of struggle. Indians were treated as slaves and had no freedom of speech. Indian rulers were puppets in the possession of British officers. Indian fighters were dealt with cruelty in British camps, and farmers were starving as they couldn't grow crops and needed to pay substantial land taxes.

On this special occasion, the people of India remember the selfless sacrifices and unparalleled contributions of great men and women to achieve the independence of India. Leaders like Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, Subhas Chandra Bose, Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad, Sardar Patel, and Gopalbandhu Das are paid reverent homage by one and all in the country.

Great Indian Freedom Fighters

India couldn't have acquired independence without the efforts of numerous extraordinary freedom fighters. Bhagat Singh, Rani of Jhansi, Chandra Shekhar Azad, Subhas Chandra Bose, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, Ram Prasad Bismil, and Ashfaqulla Khan are some of the notable names.

Role of Women in India's Independence

Several women have played a significant part in the Indian freedom movement. Savitribai Phule, Mahadevi Verma, Capt Laxmi Sehgal, Rani Laxmibai, and Basanti Devi are just a few crucial names to remember. These women along with many others played a prominent role in leading India towards its independence.

The ‘Good’ British Rulers in India

Not all the British were awful; many started adoring India and did incredible things for it. Some even took part in the Indian Independence struggle. Some of the good British rulers include Warren Hastings who developed court reforms; Freda Bedi who supported Indian nationalism; Allan Octavian Hume who started the Indian National Congress, etc.

Why Do We Celebrate Indian Independence Day?

India accomplished freedom following a 200-year-long battle. India gained complete independence from the British on 15th August 1947. That is why the day holds importance in the heart of each Indian citizen either living in India or abroad. India is celebrating 77 years of freedom on 15th August 2023 as Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav. This day also helps us remember the struggles of freedom fighters and the lives sacrificed in attaining independence.

The struggle that our freedom fighters have gone through shows us that the freedom we appreciate today has been attained by shedding the blood of hundreds of individuals. It stirs patriotism inside each Indian. It makes the current generation understand the struggles of individuals around them and familiarise themselves with the freedom fighters of India.

Importance of Independence Day Essay

Independence day is a positive historical event for the country since we were free from British rule on this day. It unites diverse individuals all over the country. Unity in diversity is the fundamental path and strength of India. We feel pleased to be a part of the biggest majority-rule country on the planet, where we live in a democracy.

Independence Day is an important day in the life of every Indian citizen. Year after year, it reminds us of our great freedom fighters who sacrificed and struggled their lives in order to free our Motherland from British rule. It reminds us of the great paragons, which were the foundation of the dream of a free India, envisioned and realised by the founding fathers.

Activities on Independence Day

Independence Day is celebrated with great joy across the country. People hold meetings, fly the tricolour flag, and sing the National Anthem. There is great enthusiasm among all. In the national capital, Delhi, this day is celebrated with great pomp and show. All leaders and common people gather in large numbers on the parade ground in front of the Red Fort and eagerly wait for the arrival of the Prime Minister.

The Prime Minister then hoists the National Flag and makes a speech that focuses on the achievements of the government during the past year, mentions the issues that still need to be addressed, and calls upon further developmental efforts. Foreign dignitaries are also invited to this occasion.

Tributes are paid to the freedom fighters who sacrificed their lives during the struggle. The Indian National Anthem – “Jana Gana Mana” is sung. The parade by the Indian Army and the Paramilitary forces is followed by the speech. All state capitals hold events on similar lines with the Chief Minister of the respective states unfurling the National Flag.

Independence Day is observed with great honour at all the government and private institutions, schools, and colleges. Students take part in parades and sing the National Anthem before hoisting the National Flag. Some historical buildings are specially decorated with lights depicting the independence theme. Special programs like planting trees are taken up on this day. The young minds are infused with a sense of patriotism and nationalistic feelings. To celebrate this occasion, sports and cultural competitions are conducted, and prizes are awarded to the winners. Sweets are distributed among everyone. Patriotic songs can be heard at every street corner.

Another interesting feature of the celebration is the kite-flying event that is held all over the country with great zeal. The sky on this day is filled with kites of various colours, shapes, and sizes.

Even television channels and radio programs are charged up with patriotism. The channels telecast movies and documentaries based on patriotic themes in order to let the people and children know about various incidents of our freedom struggle and to inspire a love for our motherland. All the national newspapers also print special editions and cite inspirational stories and excerpts of the life of great men from the great books written about them.

Quotes on Indian Independence Day

"Long years ago, we made a tryst with destiny, and now the time comes when we shall redeem our pledge." - Jawaharlal Nehru

"The best road to progress is freedom's road." - Mahatma Gandhi

"India is, the cradle of the human race, the birthplace of human speech, the mother of history, the grandmother of legend, and the great-grandmother of tradition." - Mark Twain

"We owe a lot to the Indians, who taught us how to count, without which no worthwhile scientific discovery could have been made." - Albert Einstein

Indian Independence Day 2023 is a national occasion and celebrated as a national holiday on which all shops, workplaces, schools and universities remain closed. This day is a token to the freedom fighters and patriots who sacrificed their lives so we could experience and live in a free land. The tricolour is hoisted in schools and other institutions on this day.

A wind of patriotism and national integration blows across the country on this day. The country is celebrating 77 Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav as it completes 76 years of independence to remind the citizens of the sacrifices made by our forefathers. Through Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav, India will commemorate its past this Independence Day and will also lay plans for the future. It is now in the hands of India’s youth to shape and form the future of our country.

FAQs on India Independence Day Essay in English: Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav 2023

1. Name a few important freedom fighters who sacrificed their lives for the independence of our motherland.

Some of the great freedom fighters like Mahatma Gandhi, Bhagat Singh, Chandra Shekhar Azad, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, Subhash Chandra Bose, Sardar Ballabh Patel, Bhagat Singh, Maulana Kalam Azad, etc. were at the forefront of the freedom struggle.

2. What is the importance of Independence Day?

Independence Day is the day when all Indians remember the struggle of the eminent leaders to get freedom from the 200 years of British rule. They went through a long and very hard struggle. Many people sacrificed their lives to give us independence. So we pay tribute to all those freedom fighters and take an oath to carry on the legacy for a better country in the future.

3. Why is Independence Day called a Red-Letter Day?

Independence Day is called a Red-Letter Day because it is a special occasion when India got freedom from the hands of the British who ruled our country for over 200 years.

4. How do schools and colleges celebrate this day?

Most schools and colleges celebrate this day with great pomp and show. They hoist the National Flag and sing the National Anthem. The students conduct various cultural programs. They perform small skits based on the patriotic theme. Sports events are also conducted in many institutions, and awards are given to the winners. Many schools also conduct drawing competitions where the students are expected to draw something based on the theme of independence. Sweets are distributed among the students and the staff of the schools and colleges.

5. Which day is Independence Day in 1947?

India gained independence from the British on 15 August 1947.

6. Who declared freedom for India?

Lord Mountbatten, the last Viceroy of India, declared India's independence on 15 August 1947.

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