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AQA A-Level Sociology Paper 2: Families and Households Section – Exam Advice

How to answer the AQA’s A-level sociology paper 2. A guide to answering 10 mark outline and explain questions, 10 mark analyse questions and 20 mark essay questions.

Table of Contents

Last Updated on February 3, 2023 by Karl Thompson

Hints and tips for answering the AQA’s Sociology A Level Paper 2: Topics in Sociology (7192/2): families section only.

Please see this post for an overview of the three AQA sociology A level exam papers .

A-Level Sociology Paper 2

A quick guide to the entire AQA A-Level Sociology: Topics in Sociology Exam:

• Paper 2 is a 2 hour paper, out of a total of 80 marks.
• You get a booklet of questions, split into two sections (A and B), you write your answers into a separate answer booklet.
• You answer one topic from each section (whichever two topics you’ve studied), one topic from section A, one from section B.
• There are three 3 questions per topic (10/10/20)
• So across the two topics, you answer a total of 6 questions
• You have 1.5 minutes per mark.
• This blog post only refers to section A, families and households option!

AQA Families and Households Specification

The AQA’s families and households specification is in bullet points, which I reproduced below.

The questions from the families and households section of paper 2 will be drawn from across the bullet points. Usually questions are drawn from a broad range and typically more than 60% of the bullet points below are covered within any one exam year:

• the relationship of the family to the social structure and social change, with particular reference to the economy and to state policies
• changing patterns of marriage, cohabitation, separation, divorce, childbearing and the life course, including the sociology of personal life, and the diversity of contemporary family and household structures
• gender roles, domestic labour and power relationships within the family in contemporary society
• the nature of childhood, and changes in the status of children in the family and society
• demographic trends in the United Kingdom since 1900: birth rates, death rates, family size, life expectancy, ageing population, and migration and globalisation.

The 10 Mark ‘outline and explain’ (no item) question 

Modified from the AQA’s advice on 10 mark questions sheet…

• These ask about two elements from one or more bullet points within the specification topic (e.g. the nature of childhood in relation to demographic trends).
• It will generally ask about the links or relationships between these two elements.
• For example: ‘Outline and explain two ways in which the decline in birth rates has affected the position of children in society’ (10 marks)
• Students don’t need to evaluate. Analysis is specified in the mark scheme for assessment objective 3.
• Using PEEL (Point, Explanation, Evidence, Link) is useful for developing sufficient analysis.
• Expressing each of the two ways in at least two separate paragraphs is useful tool.

Two examples of outline and explain families and households questions

• Outline and explain two ways in which women’s going into work has affected relationships (10)
• Outline and explain two ways in which changes to gender roles have affected diversity of family structures (10)

10 Mark Analyse using the item questions 

• These have an item which is linked to the question. It encourages linking two elements from the same or different bullet points in the specification.
• The first part of the item contains a number of points about the first of these elements.
• These points provide possible hooks, designed to be developed into an explanation of the relationships between the two elements.
• The second part of the item links these points back to the question.

Example of a 10 mark ‘analyse from the item’ question

Read item A then answer the question below

Item B Many commentators seem to agree that the ageing population is a problem for society – as it leads to an increasing strain on public services, and results in a greater burden being put on the younger generation to care for the elderly.

However, some claim that such problems have been exaggerated, and are based on stereotypical views about the elderly.

Applying material from Item B, analyse two consequences of the ageing population for British society (10 marks)

20 Mark Essay Questions 

• Allow yourself enough time – 1.5 minutes per mark = 30 minutes.
• Read the Question and the item, what is it asking you to do?
• Do a rough plan (5-10 mins) – initially this should be ‘arguments and evidence’ for and ‘against’ the views in the question, and a few thoughts on overall evaluations/ a conclusion. If you are being asked to look at two things, you’ll have to do this twice/
• your conclusion should bring the two aspects of the essay together.
• Write the essay (35 mins)– aim to make 3-5 points in total (depending on the essay, either 3 deep points, or 5 (or more) shallower points). Try to make one point at least stem from the item, ideally the first point.
• evaluations – don’t repeat yourself, and don’t overdo this, but it’s useful t tag this in before a conclusion.
• Conclusion (allow 2 mins minimum) – an easy way to do this is to refer to the item – do you agree with the view or not, or say which of the points you’ve made is the strongest/ weakest and on balance is the view in the question sensible or not?

General Structure 

• Introduction
• Point (relate to question)
• (repeat 3-5 times)
• Overall Evaluations
• Conclusion (refer to item)

Some possible examples of 20 mark families and households essay questions…

• Assess the view that the main aim of the of the family is to serve the needs of capitalism (20)
• Assess the view that the family has become more child-centred (20)
• Assess the reasons for changes in the birth rate and family size (20)

And repeat for section B!!!

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A-level Sociology (AQA) Revision Notes

Saul Mcleod, PhD

Editor-in-Chief for Simply Psychology

BSc (Hons) Psychology, MRes, PhD, University of Manchester

Saul Mcleod, PhD., is a qualified psychology teacher with over 18 years of experience in further and higher education. He has been published in peer-reviewed journals, including the Journal of Clinical Psychology.

Learn about our Editorial Process

Olivia Guy-Evans, MSc

Associate Editor for Simply Psychology

BSc (Hons) Psychology, MSc Psychology of Education

Olivia Guy-Evans is a writer and associate editor for Simply Psychology. She has previously worked in healthcare and educational sectors.

On This Page:

Revision guide for AQA A-Level (7192) and AS-Level Sociology (7191), including straightforward study notes, independent study booklets, and past paper questions and answers. Fully updated for the summer 2023 term.

Thanks to the Hectic Teacher for allowing us to link to these resources:

Paper 1: Education with Methods in Context

• Hectic Teacher
• Study Booklet Part 2
• Study Booklet Part 3
• Complete Revision Notes
• Short Questions and Answers
• the role and functions of the education system, including its relationship to the economy and to class structure
• differential educational achievement of social groups by social class, gender and ethnicity in contemporary society
• relationships and processes within schools, with particular reference to teacher/pupil relationships, pupil identities and subcultures, the hidden curriculum, and the organisation of teaching and learning
• the significance of educational policies, including policies of selection, marketisation and privatisation, and policies to achieve greater equality of opportunity or outcome, for an understanding of the structure, role, impact and experience of and access to education; the impact of globalisation on educational policy.

Methods in Context

• Students must be able to apply sociological research methods to the study of education.

Paper 2: Research Methods and Topics in Sociology

Research methods.

• Study Booklet Part 1

Learning Objectives

• quantitative and qualitative methods of research; research design
• sources of data, including questionnaires, interviews, participant and non-participant observation, experiments, documents and official statistics
• the distinction between primary and secondary data, and between quantitative and qualitative data
• the relationship between positivism, interpretivism and sociological methods; the nature of ‘social facts’
• the theoretical, practical and ethical considerations influencing choice of topic, choice of method(s) and the conduct of research

Topic 2: Families and Households

• the relationship of the family to the social structure and social change, with particular reference to the economy and to state policies
• changing patterns of marriage, cohabitation, separation, divorce, childbearing and the life course, including the sociology of personal life, and the diversity of contemporary family and household structures
• gender roles, domestic labour and power relationships within the family in contemporary society
• the nature of childhood, and changes in the status of children in the family and society
• demographic trends in the United Kingdom since 1900: birth rates, death rates, family size, life expectancy, ageing population, and migration and globalisation

Topic 5: Beliefs in Society

• ideology, science and religion, including both Christian and non-Christian religious traditions
• the relationship between social change and social stability, and religious beliefs, practices and organisations
• religious organisations, including cults, sects, denominations, churches and New Age movements, and their relationship to religious and spiritual belief and practice
• the relationship between different social groups and religious/spiritual organisations and movements, beliefs and practices
• the significance of religion and religiosity in the contemporary world, including the nature and extent of secularisation in a global context, and globalisation and the spread of religions

Topic 6: Global Development

• Revision Notes
• Knowledge Organiser
• development, underdevelopment and global inequality
• globalisation and its influence on the cultural, political and economic relationships between societies
• the role of transnational corporations, non-governmental organisations and international agencies in local and global strategies for development
• development in relation to aid and trade, industrialisation, urbanisation, the environment, and war and conflict
• employment, education, health, demographic change and gender as aspects of development

Paper 3: Crime and Deviance with Theory and Methods

Crime and deviance.

• Study Booklet Part 4
• Example Essays
• crime, deviance, social order and social control
• the social distribution of crime and deviance by ethnicity, gender and social class, including recent patterns and trends in crime
• globalisation and crime in contemporary society; the media and crime; green crime; human rights and state crimes
• crime control, surveillance, prevention and punishment, victims, and the role of the criminal justice system and other agencies

Theory and Methods

• Independent Study Booklet Part 1
• Independent Study Booklet Part 2
• Methods Flash Cards
• Theory Flash Cards
• consensus, conflict, structural and social action theories
• the concepts of modernity and post-modernity in relation to sociological theory
• the nature of science and the extent to which Sociology can be regarded as scientific
• the relationship between theory and methods
• debates about subjectivity, objectivity and val
• the relationship between Sociology and social policy

Download Past Paper Questions With Answers

Frequently Asked Questions

What is ao3 in sociology a-level.

AO3 is an assessment objective for analysing and evaluating sociological theories, concepts, evidence and research methods in order to present arguments, make judgements and reach conclusions.

Examples of AO3 points include:

• Evaluate from other PERSPECTIVES – What would other perspectives say about the theory / concept? Is there a counter-argument?
• Evaluate – HISTORICAL CRITICISM – Is the theory/ concept dated? When was the concept developed? Is it still relevant today, or has society changed so much that it is no longer relevant? Has society changed in such a way that some aspects of the theory are now more relevant?
• Evalaute – POWER/ BIAS/ VALUE FREEDOM? Who developed the concept/ theory – whose interests does it serve? For example, “x” theor is ethnocentric because….

What is the fastest way to revise sociology?

There is no great mystery about how to study for sociology A-level. Many students, although they’re not naturally that ‘academic’ still score A and A* grades through sheer hard work, focus and determination.

Before you start you need to satisfy yourself that you have good syllabus notes to work from. Although most textbooks are fine in places they have a tendency to either not give enough detail on certain topics or give too much information (which can be just as bad).

As long as you have great syllabus notes and lots of past paper questions the rest is really up to you. If you want to score an A* or A grade you need to act like someone who’s going to score these grades.

You are competing against people who are going to put in a hell of a lot of hard work so you need to work as hard as or harder than them. And you need to think about what hard work really is.

What are the most effective ways of revising subject knowledge?

• Ask “How” and “Why” questions  when revising and try to connect ideas (this method is called “elaboration”)
• No cramming . Distribute your revision over time and use a spaced system of repetition
• Switch topics regularly  when revising (this is called “ interleaving ” and it will help you to identify connections between different topics)
• Words and visuals . Combine words and visual representations to create two ways of remembering key ideas (this is called “dual coding”)
• Teachers! Students! Please get in touch if you have any A-level sociology notes you would like to share. We would really like to cover all 8 topics for paper 2.
• Please contact us via email contact@simplypsychology,org .

Final dates! Join the tutor2u subject teams in London for a day of exam technique and revision at the cinema. Learn more →

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Exam Paper Topic Tracker for AQA A-Level Sociology (2017-2023)

Last updated 4 Sept 2023

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This topic tracker for AQA A-Level Sociology lists how each topic in the specification has been examined in exam papers between 2017 and 2023.

Download the Exam Paper Topic Tracker for AQA A-Level Sociology

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Families & Households Revision Flashcards for AQA A-Level Sociology

09-4130-30249-03

Beliefs in Society Revision Flashcards for AQA A-Level Sociology

09-4130-30252-03

Crime & Deviance Revision Flashcards for AQA A-Level Sociology

09-4130-30144-01

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AQA A-Level Sociology Past Papers

This section includes recent A-Level Sociology (7192) and AS-Level Sociology (7191) past papers from AQA. You can download each of the AQA A-Level Sociology past papers and marking schemes by clicking the links below.

June 2022 AQA A-Level Sociology (7192) Past Papers

A-Level Paper 1: Education with Theory and Methods (7192/1) Download Past Paper     -    Download Mark Scheme

A-Level Paper 2: Topics in Sociology (7192/2) Download Past Paper     -    Download Mark Scheme

A-Level Paper 3: Crime and Deviance with Theory and Methods (7192/3) Download Past Paper     -    Download Mark Scheme

November 2021 AQA A-Level Sociology (7192) Past Papers (Labelled as June 2021)

November 2021 A-Level Paper 1: Education with Theory and Methods (7192/1) Download Past Paper    -    Download Mark Scheme

November 2021 A-Level Paper 2: Topics in Sociology (7192/2) Download Past Paper    -    Download Mark Scheme

November 2021 A-Level Paper 3: Crime and Deviance with Theory and Methods (7192/3) Download Past Paper    -    Download Mark Scheme

November 2020 AQA A-Level Sociology (7192) Past Papers (Labelled as June 2020)

November 2020 A-Level Paper 1: Education with Theory and Methods (7192/1) Download Past Paper    -    Download Mark Scheme

November 2020 A-Level Paper 2: Topics in Sociology (7192/2) Download Past Paper    -    Download Mark Scheme

November 2020 A-Level Paper 3: Crime and Deviance with Theory and Methods (7192/3) Download Past Paper    -    Download Mark Scheme

November 2020 AQA AS-Level Sociology (7191) Past Papers (Labelled as June 2020)

November 2020 AS Paper 1: Education with Methods in Context (7191/1) Download Past Paper    -    Download Mark Scheme

November 2020 AS Paper 2: Research Methods and Topics in Sociology (7191/2) Download Past Paper    -    Download Mark Scheme

June 2019 AQA A-Level Sociology (7192) Past Papers

June 2019 A-Level Paper 1: Education with Theory and Methods (7192/1) Download Past Paper    -    Download Mark Scheme

June 2019 A-Level Paper 2: Topics in Sociology (7192/2) Download Past Paper    -    Download Mark Scheme

June 2019 A-Level Paper 3: Crime and Deviance with Theory and Methods (7192/3) Download Past Paper    -    Download Mark Scheme

June 2019 AQA AS-Level Sociology (7191) Past Papers

June 2019 AS Paper 1: Education with Methods in Context (7191/1) Download Past Paper    -    Download Mark Scheme

June 2019 AS Paper 2: Research Methods and Topics in Sociology (7191/2) Download Past Paper    -    Download Mark Scheme

June 2018 AQA A-Level Sociology (7192) Past Papers

June 2018 A-Level Paper 1: Education with Theory and Methods (7192/1) Download Past Paper    -    Download Mark Scheme

June 2018 A-Level Paper 2: Topics in Sociology (7192/2) Download Past Paper    -    Download Mark Scheme

June 2018 A-Level Paper 3: Crime and Deviance with Theory and Methods (7192/3) Download Past Paper    -    Download Mark Scheme

June 2018 AQA AS-Level Sociology (7191) Past Papers

June 2018 AS Paper 1: Education with Methods in Context (7191/1) Download Past Paper    -    Download Mark Scheme

June 2018 AS Paper 2: Research Methods and Topics in Sociology (7191/2) Download Past Paper    -    Download Mark Scheme

June 2017 AQA A-Level Sociology (7192) Past Papers

A-Level Paper 1: Education with Theory and Methods (7192/1) Download Past Paper    -    Download Mark Scheme

A-Level Paper 2: Topics in Sociology (7192/2) Download Past Paper    -    Download Mark Scheme

A-Level Paper 3: Crime and Deviance with Theory and Methods (7192/3) Download Past Paper    -    Download Mark Scheme

June 2017 AQA AS-Level Sociology (7191) Past Papers

AS Paper 1: Education with Methods in Context (7191/1) Download Past Paper    -    Download Mark Scheme

AS Paper 2: Research Methods and Topics in Sociology (7191/2) Download Past Paper    -    Download Mark Scheme

For more A-Level Sociology past papers from other exam boards  click here .

Download Sociology Paper 2 2023 : 24 September 2023 | Sociology Optional Paper 2023 | Triumph IAS

Table of Contents

[Paper-2 : SOCIOLOGY OPTIONAL ] : UPSC MAINS CIVIL SERVICES IAS EXAM 2023 QUESTION PAPER

“ sociology paper 2 2023 ”.

UPSC CSE MAINS 2023

Sociology    paper 2 2023.

Marks : 250

Duration:  3 hours

Exam Date:  24-09-2023

Subject: Sociology Paper 2 2023

SOCIOLOGY PAPER 2 2023

Question no 1: Write short answers, with a sociological perspective, on the following questions in about 150 words each: 10×5=50

• Highlight the significant features of A. R. Desai’s ‘Dialectical Perspective’ to study Indian Society. 10
• “The decade of 1950s was the golden period of village studies in Indian Sociology. Explain the statement. 10
• Analyse the differences between the attributional and interactional approach in studying the caste system. 10
• Are Tradition and Modernity antithetical to each other? Comment. 10
• Discuss the main features of Land Reforms in post-independence India. 10

Question no 2.

• Do you agree with the view of Andre Beteille that India’s villages are representative of Indian society’s basic civilizational values? Present a sociological overview. 20
• Elaborate the salient features and the role of middle class in India’s democracy and development. 20
• Analyse the role of market and modern forces in understanding the changing trends in marriage systems in India. 10

Question no 3.

• Contextualize Louis Dumont’s concept of binary opposition’ with reference to caste system in India. 20
• Define the concepts of ‘Descent’ and ‘Alliance’. Differentiate between North Indian and South Indian Kinship systems with examples. 20
• Critically examine the concept of Sanskritization with suitable illustrations. 10

Question no 4.

• Analyse the perspectives of Isolation, Assimilation and Integration in understanding the trajectories of Indian Tribal Development. 20
• Explain the implications and the impact of globalization in situating the changing agrarian class structure in India. 20
• Critique the victory narratives of Green Revolution in the context of Indian society. 10

Question no 5. Write short answers, with a sociological perspective, on the following questions in about 150 words each: 10×5=50

• Citing some case studies, expand the concept of ‘Development-induced Displacement’. 10
• Examine the concept of ‘Cultural Pluralism’ in the context of India’s Unity in Diversity. 10
• Highlight the salient features of the New Education Policy (NEP) 2020 10
• Analyse the sociological interconnections between Social Media and Mass Mobilization in India. 10
• Discuss the nature of regional variations in sex ratio in India, stating reasons thereof. 10

Question no 6.

• How do you account for the increasing significance of religion in public and personal spheres in the context of secularization thesis in India? Explain. 20
• In the face of rising global climatic concerns, how do you contextualize the relevance of Chipko Movement and its Gandhian tone? Answer analytically. 20
• What actionable measures would you suggest to curb the recurrent child labour [menace in India ? 10

Question no 7.

• Do you think that the decades of Dalit political mobilizations and movements have helped in strengthening India’s democracy? Substantiate your arguments with facts. 20
• What is ‘reverse migration’ ? Discuss its features, causes and consequences in India. 20
• Discuss the phenomenon of rural-urban continuum with suitable examples. 10

Question no 8.

• Explain the thematic linkages between ‘Patriarchy’ and ‘Honour killing’ in India, citing some recent cases. 20
• Discuss the challenges faced by the cooperative movements in India. Suggest measures to strengthen the movement at the grass-roots level. 20
• What is Ageing’ ? Discuss the major problems of aged people in India. 10

Triumph IAS: The Best Sociology Optional Coaching and Teacher for UPSC Sociology Optional Paper 2023

When it comes to the UPSC Sociology optional subject for the year 2023, candidates will be dealing with two papers, namely Paper I and Paper II . Each of these papers carries a substantial weightage of 250 marks , resulting in a total of 500 marks dedicated to this particular optional subject . Among the plethora of optional subjects offered by UPSC, Sociology stands out as one of the 48 choices available to aspiring candidates.

The examination schedule for the U PSC Civil Services Mains for September 23, 2023 , includes Paper-A in Indian Language and Paper-B in English. Following this, candidates will face Optional Subject-Paper-1 (Paper-VIII) and Op tional Subject-Paper-2 (Paper-IX) on September 24, 2023.

Triumph IAS, renowned as the Best Sociology Optional Coaching and Teacher, ensures that candidates are well-prepared for the challenges of UPSC Sociology Optional Paper 1. This paper encompasses a wide array of topics, including the foundational principles of sociology , the influential sociological thinkers who have made significant contributions to the field, and various sociological theories. The primary aim of this paper is to evaluate candidates’ theoretical grasp of sociology.

Moving on to UPSC Sociology Optional Paper 2 , Triumph IAS continues to shine as the best coaching and teacher for this subject. Paper 2 delves into the practical application of sociological theories to contemporary social issues. It encompasses subjects like Indian society, social change, and development, among others. The main objective of this paper is to assess candidates’ capacity to analyze and provide insightful sociological perspectives on current societal challenges.

In conclusion, when it comes to excelling in the UPSC Sociology Optional Paper 2023, Triumph IAS stands out as the best coaching and teacher, equipping candidates with the knowledge and skills needed to triumph in this significant examination.

Sociology Optional Trend Analysis 2023

Download sociology trend analysis 2023 upsc, how to structure answer in sociology – vikash ranjan.

• UPSC OPTIONAL or GENERAL STUDIES LEVEL writing is different than writing in high school, college and university because you are asked to THINK in little more complex ways. Apart from developing your capacity to obtain knowledge, understanding, and application, UPSC – COMPETITIVE WRITING pushes you up towards the more complex skills of analysis, synthesis and evaluation while structuring the answers.
• After preliminary test focus on Revision & Listing of “Topic wise Keywords- Conceptual Terms, Theoretical Dimensions and social facts” for writing a good answers.
• You should not stuck on 3 to 4 Peripheral-Non-sociological Questions in each paper of Sociology Optional. You have to write 19 Questions, out of which 15 to 16 Questions will be “Direct Topical Questions” related to “Fundamentals of Sociology in Paper 1” and “Indian Social Structure and Change” in Paper 2. Give your best in answer of such questions. And try to manage Peripheral-Non-sociological Questions with application of Theoretical-conceptual strands.
• Be more careful in Structural part of your Answer. Structure your Answers in Parts:-

(1) First Part- Introduction (2) Second Part- Main Body [Thesis, Antithesis (Critique/Limitation)] (3) Third Part- Conclusion — Synthesis

• In Introduction directly address the question, briefly explain the key Concept or Theoretical dimension. Avoid writing much on background and glorifying the thinkers academic achievement. It should Constitute 20 Percent of the total length of the Answer.
• In Thesis Part elaborate on the concept or theory or social fact asked in the question. Highlight the Thinkers, Scholars View or Perspective to enrich and substantiate the Answer. If the Question has Keywords like “Discuss”, “Describe”, “Explain”, “Elaborate” etc., then Thesis Part must be detal and Antithesis (Critique or Limitations) should be brief. If the Question has Keywords like “Critically Examine” or “Critically Analyse” etc., then Thesis part should be brief and Antithesis should be discussed in detail.
• In Antithesis Part try to write a Critique to Main Theoretical – Conceptual Arguments asked in questions. By writing Antithesis, you present alternative explanations or views on the topic on which the question has been asked. Length of thesis and Antithesis part will depend on demand of the question.
• Conclusion or Synthesis Part must reflect your overall Conceptual-Theoretical-Applied Understanding of not only the topic rather the Subject. Don’t write your personal opinion about the Theme or the Topic or the Issues in this part. Rather try to give academic and applied insights and try to make it more contemporary by giving references and describing relevance.

Common Pitfalls to Avoid in Sociology Answer Writing: Vikash Ranjan

• FLAWED ARGUMENTS Avoid three common flawed sociological arguments: arguing only from the perspective of the individual while ignoring social conditions, attributing patterns in behaviour to “human nature,” and explaining behaviour as caused by “society” in general without looking at the societal processes at work.
• EXCESSIVE SUMMARIZING/LACK of ANALYSIS Your task is to move beyond mere summary to help a reader understand your evaluation and analysis of the Social Facts/Concepts/Theory.
• LACK OF AN ADEQUATELY COMPLEX THESES A good thesis moves your reader beyond a simple observation. It asserts an arguable perspective that requires some AS work on your part to demonstrate its validity.
• LACK OF ADEQUATE SUPPORT A well-crafted thesis requires substantiation in the form of acceptable evidence. Often, if your thesis doesn’t make a complex, arguable claim, the act of substantiation becomes difficult. Take care to develop a thesis that will require purposeful use of evidence.
• USE OF UNRELIABLE ELECTRONIC SOURCES Take care to rigorously evaluate your sources, particularly ones from the Internet. Avoid Using of Unnecessary Current Facts as Suggested by Telegram Innovators. The Purpose of hyper Sociological Linkage of Current News with the Theory is to Impress Students for building Telegram Audience for Marketing and Business.
• USE OF PERSONAL OPINION OR ANECDOTES Personal opinions or anecdotes generally do not qualify as rigorous and appropriate sociological evidence in support of a claim. Your opinion does not qualify as data.
• IMPROPER USE OF A THEORY If you are applying or testing a particular theory, be sure you have a good understanding of this theory.
• EXCESSIVE QUOTING When quoting a source in order to provide evidence, use only the relevant part of the quotation. When you establish a claim/assertion and provide textual support, be sure to explain the relationship between the quotation and the assertion. Your reader can’t read your mind.
• SHIFTING VERB TENSE Take care to shift verb tense only when necessary. Science’s strong sense of timing requires that you accurately that you accurately reflect that research was performed in that past and that certain knowledge is current.
• PASSIVE VOICE Use active voice as often as possible. Active voice generally is more concise and lively than passive voice.
• REFERENCE TO THE AUTHOR BY HIS/HER FIRST NAME It is customary and respectful to refer to the author using his/her last name.

Happy Reading, Happy Revision! All the Best!

Download the Sociology Paper 1 2023 UPSC

Download the gs 4 paper 2023 upsc, download the gs 3 paper 2023 upsc, download the gs 2 paper 2023 upsc, download the gs 1 paper 2023 upsc, download the essay 2023 paper upsc.

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AS and A-level Sociology

• Specification
• Planning resources
• Teaching resources
• Assessment resources
• Introduction
• Specification at a glance
• 3.1 Education with Methods in Context
• 3.2 Research Methods and Topics in Sociology
• 4.1 Education with Theory and Methods

4.2 Topics in Sociology

• 4.3 Crime and Deviance with Theory and Methods
• Scheme of assessment
• General administration

The study of these topics should engage students in theoretical debate while encouraging an active involvement with the research process.

The study should foster a critical awareness of contemporary social processes and change, and draw together the knowledge, understanding and skills learnt in different aspects of the course.

In their study of these topics, students should examine:

• topic areas in relation to the two core themes (socialisation, culture and identity; and social differentiation, power and stratification)
• both the evidence of and the sociological explanations for the content listed in the topic areas below.

Throughout, students should be encouraged to use examples drawn from their own experience of small-scale research.

Attention should be given to drawing out links with other topics studied in this specification.

Culture and Identity

Students are expected to be familiar with sociological explanations of the following content:

• different conceptions of culture, including subculture, mass culture, folk culture, high and low culture, popular culture and global culture
• the socialisation process and the role of the agencies of socialisation
• the self, identity and difference as both socially caused and socially constructed
• the relationship of identity to age, disability, ethnicity, gender, nationality, sexuality and social class in contemporary society
• the relationship of identity to production, consumption and globalisation.

Families and Households

• the relationship of the family to the social structure and social change, with particular reference to the economy and to state policies
• changing patterns of marriage, cohabitation, separation, divorce, childbearing and the life course, including the sociology of personal life, and the diversity of contemporary family and household structures
• gender roles, domestic labour and power relationships within the family in contemporary society
• the nature of childhood, and changes in the status of children in the family and society
• demographic trends in the United Kingdom since 1900: birth rates, death rates, family size, life expectancy, ageing population, and migration and globalisation.
• the social construction of health, illness, disability and the body, and models of health and illness
• the unequal social distribution of health chances in the United Kingdom by social class, gender, ethnicity and region
• inequalities in the provision of, and access to, health care in contemporary society
• the nature and social distribution of mental illness
• the role of medicine, the health professions and the globalised health industry.

Work, Poverty and Welfare

• the nature, existence and persistence of poverty in contemporary society
• the distribution of poverty, wealth and income between different social groups
• responses and solutions to poverty by the state and by private, voluntary and informal welfare providers in contemporary society
• organisation and control of the labour process, including the division of labour, the role of technology, skill and de-skilling
• the significance of work and worklessness for people's lives and life chances, including the effects of globalisation.

Beliefs in Society

• ideology, science and religion, including both Christian and non-Christian religious traditions
• the relationship between social change and social stability, and religious beliefs, practices and organisations
• religious organisations, including cults, sects, denominations, churches and New Age movements, and their relationship to religious and spiritual belief and practice
• the relationship between different social groups and religious/spiritual organisations and movements, beliefs and practices
• the significance of religion and religiosity in the contemporary world, including the nature and extent of secularisation in a global context, and globalisation and the spread of religions.

Global Development

• development, underdevelopment and global inequality
• globalisation and its influence on the cultural, political and economic relationships between societies
• the role of transnational corporations, non-governmental organisations and international agencies in local and global strategies for development
• development in relation to aid and trade, industrialisation, urbanisation, the environment, and war and conflict
• employment, education, health, demographic change and gender as aspects of development.
• the new media and their significance for an understanding of the role of the media in contemporary society
• the relationship between ownership and control of the media
• the media, globalisation and popular culture
• the processes of selection and presentation of the content of the news
• media representations of age, social class, ethnicity, gender, sexuality and disability
• the relationship between the media, their content and presentation, and audiences.

Stratification and Differentiation

• stratification and differentiation by social class, gender, ethnicity and age
• dimensions of inequality: class, status and power; differences in life-chances by social class, gender, ethnicity, age and disability
• the problems of defining and measuring social class; occupation, gender and social class
• changes in structures of inequality, including globalisation and the transnational capitalist class, and the implications of these changes
• the nature, extent and significance of patterns of social mobility.

Syllabus of Sociology Paper - II

Indian society: structure and change, introducing indian society.

• Six features of caste
• Sanskritization
• Dominant caste
• Caste,class and power
• (The subaltern view, indological perspective etc)
• (b) Modernization of Indian tradition
• (c) Protests and movements during the colonial period.
• (d) Social reforms.

Social Structure

• Jajmani system
• Analysis of Panchayati Raj institutions
• 73rd and 74th constitutional amendement
• Role of cooperatives in poverty alleviation
• Key features of land reforms
• Effectiveness of land reforms
• Caste-Origin theories
• G. S. Ghurye
• M. N. Srinivas: Sanskritization,Ritual and secular hierarchy
• Louis Dumont:Purity and Pollution(Impure) theory
• Andre Beteille
• Anuloma and Pratiloma
• Relationship between caste and varna
• Difference between caste and class
• Mobility in caste system
• Caste among non hindu communities
• Caste based census
• Ambedkar Vs Gandhi debate
• Constitution, law and social changes
• Dalit movements before independence
• Dalit movements post independence
• Contemporary trends in dalit movements
• Challenges faced by dalit movements
• Issue of Reservation
• Tribes and castes
• Classification of tribes
• (b) Geographical spread
• (c) Colonial policies and tribes
• Important tribal uprisings
• Three policy approaches for tribal development
• Tribal religious conversions
• Constitutional provisions for tribal development
• Committees established for tribal development
• (a) Agrarian class structure
• (b) Industrial class structure
• Definitional problems of middle class
• Historical evolution of Indian middle class
• Political role of middle class
• New Middle class
• Definitions
• Different kinds of descent in India
• Consanguinal kin and Affinal kin
• Kinship zones in India(Irawati karve)
• Joint family system and its variations
• Changes in family structure in India
• Marriage within different religions
• Issue of surrogacy
• The issue of abortion
• Various types of households
• Patriarchy in family structure
• Patriarchy and Religion
• Patriarchy and caste
• Patriarchy and politics
• Patriarchy and Media
• Women's movement in India
• Challenges before feminist movement in India
• Constitutional provisions for women empowerment
• Current issues revolving around rape, triple talaq, love jihad
• Various religious communities in India and interaction between them
• Socio religious movement during the colonial period
• Religious minorities in India

Social Changes in India

• LPG reforms and its impact
• Globalisation and its impact on India
• Critical assessment of globalization
• Constitutional provisions triggering social change
• Contemporary issues like reservation on economic basis, Maratha reservation etc
• Functionalist and structural functionalist perspective
• Colonial policy on Education
• National Education Policy, 2020
• Evaluation of India's Education system
• Views on Education: Gandhi,Tagore,Nehru,Ambedkar,Sri Aurobindo,Dr S Radhakrishnan,other prominent scholars
• Effects of pandemic on Education
• Village studies
• Views of Gandhi and Ambedkar on villages
• Academic view on villages
• Land reforms and its consequences
• Impact on Indian society
• Political impact
• Feudal agrarian society and Capitalist industrial society
• Contemporary trends in Indian agriculture
• Challenges facing Indian farmers and solutions
• Agrarian class structure pre and post independence
• Phule on Agrarian labour
• Bonded labour
• Steps taken for elimination of bonded labour
• Problems of migration
• Pandemic induced migration
• Pre and post independence history of modern industries in India. (LPG Reforms etc)
• Views of Gandhi and Nehru on modern industries.
• Factors of urbanisation
• Theories of urban settlement(Concentric rings theory, Sector theory, Multiple Nuclei)
• Rural urban continuum
• Universalization and parochialization
• Impacts of urbanisation
• Urban issues like slums, sanitation etc
• Contemporary issues like Swachh Bharat Abhiyan, Smart cities etc
• Evolution of working class in India
• Nature of working class in India
• Working class movements in India
• Impact of globalisation on working class
• Social implications of child labour
• Constitutional provisions
• Effects of pandemic on child labour
• Gender division of labour\ feminization of labour
• Issues surrounding prevalence of slums
• Possible solutions to the prevalent problems
• Challenges during and post pandemic
• Possibilities of slum reforms
• Evolution of Indian political system
• Democracy in Indian and the western context
• Vote bank politics
• Caste and Indian politics
• Caste based political movements
• Causative factors fostering regionalism in India
• Positives and negatives of regionalism in India
• Indian definition of secularism
• Causative factors for Indian secularism
• Movements during colonial period
• Post independence movements
• New farmer movement
• Contemporary issues like Farm law agitation
• (b) Women’s movement
• (c) Backward classes & Dalit movements
• (d) Environmental movements
• (e) Ethnicity and Identity movements
• World population trend
• Determinants of population growth
• Causes and consequences of migration
• Phases in population growth in India
• Population policy in India and its assessment
• Family welfare programs
• Social problems faced by the elderly
• MMR and IMR
• Issues surrounding contraceptives and usage
• Population control bill
• Lessons from China
• National policy for senior citizens
• Sociological perspective on pandemic
• Summits on sustainable development
• Environmental movements in India
• Ideological strands of environmental movements
• Ecological feminism
• Defining poverty
• Measures taken to reduce poverty
• Cyber Sexual harassment
• Contemporary issues like recent murders of women by partners(Shraddha Walker murder case etc)
• Patriarchial bargain
• (d) Caste conflicts
• Colonial reasons behind the conflict
• Terrorism as a new form of asymmetrical warfare
• Current issues like Love Jihad, Riots Ethnicity and Race
• Racial hate
• Cultural revivalism
• Measures to reduce disparities in education
• Contemperory issues like online education, the digital divide

30 Nov 2023 || Pranay Aggarwal

Modernity and social changes in Europe and emergence of Sociology

02 Dec 2023 || Pranay Aggarwal

Renaissance period

The period of enlightenment and consequent transformation of society

Brief history of emergence of society

French Revolution and Industrial revolution

Scope of the subject and comparison with other social sciences

Comparisons with History, Economics, Political Science, Psychology, Anthropology, etc

Sociology and common sense

Sociological imagination

Ethnomethodology perspective

Science, scientific method, and critique.

05 Dec 2023 || Pranay Aggarwal

Sociology as a science and criticism

What constitutes scientific methodology

Major theoretical strands of research methodology

Micro -Interpretive Approach

Symbolic Interactionism

Ethnomethodology

Macro-positivist approach

Problems of using scientific methodology in sociology

Positivism and its critique

Positivism and its features Criticism

Anti positivism

Conflict perspective(Marxist and feminist)

Functionalism

Non positivism

07 Dec 2023 || Pranay Aggarwal

Fact, value and objectivity.

Definitions of Fact value and objectivity

Relevance of fact, value and objectivity in sociology

Non-positivist methodologies

Research Methods and Analysis

09 Dec 2023 || Pranay Aggarwal

Qualitative and quantitative methods

14 Dec 2023 || Pranay Aggarwal

Techniques of data collection

Variables, sampling, hypothesis, reliability, and validity

Historical Materialism

Mode of production

16 Dec 2023 || Pranay Aggarwal

Class struggle

Fetishism of Commodities

Neo Marxism

Emile Durkheim

17 Dec 2023 || Pranay Aggarwal

Emile Durkheim: Religion and its functions

Emile Durkheim: Sacred and Profane

Emile Durkheim: Totemism

Emile Durkheim: Conscious collective

Emile Durkheim: Criticism

Division of labour

Division of labour: Simple and Complex society

Division of labour: Material and Moral density

Division of labour: Anomie

Division of labour: Functions of DOL

Gemeinschaft and Gesselschaft types of communities

Division of labour: Criticism

Division of labour: Social Facts

03 Jan 2024 || Pranay Aggarwal

Emile Durkheim Social Facts Characteristics Societal Dynamics

Normal and pathological social facts

Emile Durkheim: Types of social facts

Material and Non material social facts

Criticism of social fact theory

Emile Durkheim Suícide Theory

Egoistic suicide

Altruistic suicide

Anomic suicide

Fatalistic suicide

16 Jan 2024 || Pranay Aggarwal

Max Weber : Social Action

Max Weber: Ideal types

Max Weber: Authority and power

Max Weber: Bureaucracy

Max Weber: Protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism

Max Weber: Class, status and power

Max Weber: Criticism

01 Feb 2024 || Pranay Aggarwal

Talcott Parsons

AGIL paradigm and its corresponding systems

10 Feb 2024 || Pranay Aggarwal

Social system and its functional pre requisites

Class 12 Sociology Answer Key 2024 for Set 1,2,3

Students can utilize the CBSE Class 12 Sociology Answer Key 2024 to double-check their solutions and forecast their grades. On this page, you can find the Class 12 Sociology Answer Key for Sets 1,2,3

Table of Contents

The Central Board of Secondary Education conducted the CBSE Sociology Exam today, April 01, 2024. As per the student’s review, Today’s Sociology paper was rated as easy to moderate in difficulty level. After taking the exam, students look for Class 12 Sociology Answer Key 2024 to cross-check their answers to see if they are valid or incorrect. To make things easy, we’ve compiled the CBSE Class 12 Sociology Answer key 2024 for all sets on this page, provided by Adda247 Experts. If you took the exam, bookmark this page so you can quickly access the CBSE Sociology Answer Key 2024 at the earliest.

CBSE Class 12 Sociology Answer Key 2024

The CBSE Class 12 Sociology test took place from 10:30 a.m. to 1:30 p.m. Students are frequently worried about their exam responses after taking them, whether they are correct or erroneous. After the exam, students can find the Class 12 Sociology Answer key 2024 on this page. Although the Class 12 Sociology Answer Key 2024 is unofficial, it is 100% correct and error-free because it was provided by our Adda247 Expert Team. Students can also review the CBSE Class 12 Sociology Exam Analysis provided on this website.

CBSE Sociology Answer Key 2024

Sociology is a vital discipline that explores human societies, their interactions, and the mechanisms that sustain and transform them. This curriculum teaches students about the complexity and manifestations of human behavior. The paper was worth 70 points. The question paper format was identical to that utilized in the most recent CBSE Class 12 Sociology sample paper. Check out these Class 12 Sociology Exam Highlights.

Ace your Preparation with CUET 2024 प्रतिज्ञा Arts Complete Batch

Class 12 Sociology Answer Key & Marking Scheme

While calculating the score using the class 12 sociology answer key, students must be familiar with the marking scheme, The Sociology Question Paper for Class 12 is worth 80 marks. and must complete the exam in three hours.

• The sociology Question Paper is broken up into four Sections. In total, there are 38 questions.
• Section A has questions 1 through 20. These are MCQ-style questions of 1 mark.
• Section B contains questions 21 through 29 of 2 marks each.
• Section C contains questions from 30 to 35. Each of the short answer questions carries a mark of 4.
• The questions in Section D are 36 through 38. Each of these lengthy answer questions is worth six points.

CBSE Class 12 Sociology Answer Key 2024 for all sets

If you took the Sociology Exam paper and are looking for the CBSE Class 12 Sociology Answer Key 2024, you can stop your search right now. The Sociology Answer key enables you to double-check your answers to each question to confirm that you have submitted all correct answers. Adda247 Experts are continually updating the CBSE class 12 Sociology exam questions and answers for all sets. Stay amazed with us.

Class 12 Sociology Answer Key 2024 Set 4 (QP Code-62)

Assertion (A): What marked capitalism from the very beginning was its dynamism, its potential to grow, expand, innovate, and use technology and labor in the best possible way. Reason (R): Capitalism is an economic system organized to accumulate profits within a market system.

(A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A). (B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A). (C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false. (D) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

Answer: (A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).

2. The impact of Sanskritisation is many-sided. Its influence can be seen in : (A) Language only (B) Literature only (C) Drama only (D) Language, Literature, Drama

Answer:(D) Language, Literature, Drama

3. Which of the following statements is not true for Green Revolution? (A) Green Revolution was a government programme of agricultural modernisation. (B) It was largely funded by international agencies. (C) The first wave of the Green Revolution package was received by Bihar, Eastern Uttar Pradesh and Telangana. (D) Green Revolution was targeted mainly at the wheat and rice growing areas.

Answer:(B) It was largely funded by international agencies.

4. Which of the following is/are the characteristics of Ecological movements? I. Identity politics II. Greater exploitation of natural resources III.Cultural anxieties IV. Social inequality (A) Only I and II (C) Only III (B) Only II (D) I, II, III and IV

Answer:(A) Only I and II

5. Due to COVID-19 pandemic, Hundreds and thousands of workers worked from home. Which of the following can allow work from home?

I. IT sector II. Bidi Industry III. Maruti factory IV. All Government firms (A) I and II (C) II and III (B) I and IV (D) I, II, III and IV

Answer:(B) I and IV

6. Historically, all over the world, it has been found that there are slightly more females than males in most countries. Which of the following factors made this possible? I. Women tend to outlive men at the other end of the life cycle. II. Girl babies are resistant to boy babies in infancy. Gender-based families with a preference for sons. IV. Gender-neutral behavior. (A) I, II and III (C) II and IV (B) I and III (D) I and II

Answer:(D) I and II

11. Which of the following do not belong to each other? (A) Yadavs of Bihar and Uttar Pradesh (B) Vokkaligas of Karnataka (C) Jats of Punjab (D) Khammas of Tamil Nadu

Answer:(D) Khammas of Tamil Nadu

12. Assertion (A): Prejudices refer to pre-conceived opinions or attitudes held by members of one group towards another. Reason (R): An opinion is formed in advance of any familiarity with the subject, before considering any available evidence. (A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).. (B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A). (C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is Oise. (D) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

Answer:(A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).

13. Assertion (A): The separation of religious and political authority marked a major turning point in the social history of the west. Reason (R): This separation was related to the process of secularisation or the progressive retreat of religion from public life, as it was converted from a mandatory obligation to a voluntary personal practice.

14. The policy of liberalisation entails the participation in the _________ which aims to bring about a more free international trading system. Answer: (A) WTO

15. Which of the following features is incorrect for alienation? Answer: (C) People see the end result of their work.

16. Which of the following is/are true for New Movements? I. They are global in nature. II. They are organised along class lines alone. III. Identity politics, cultural anxieties and aspirations are essential elements for these

Answer: (C) I, III and IV

CBSE Class 12 Sociology Analysis 2024

The sociology exam is now over. We spoke with students who took today’s exam to find out what they thought about the paper, the overall difficulty level of the question paper, the types of questions asked in the paper, the question paper format used, the challenges faced by students, and much more. It should be noted that the CBSE Class 12 Sociology Exam Analysis 2024 given below is based on student and expert reviews.

• As per the students’ initial reaction, the question paper would fall into the easy to moderate range.
• The paper exactly followed the paper pattern of the example paper.
• There were no questions that were not part of the course.
• MCQs were neither too easy or too tough.
• Both very short answer and short response questions were average.
• The long response type questions were lengthy and a little complicated, but pretty manageable.
• The entire paper contained a decent balance of simple and difficult questions.

We also spoke with subject specialists to learn what they thought about today’s CBSE Class 12 Sociology exam 2024. Experts stated that the question paper was moderate. The full paper was distributed evenly over all of the sections, following the format of the sample paper. There was a decent balance of simple and insightful questions. MCQs were the easiest part of the paper, while lengthy type questions were a little complicated.

CBSE Class 12 Sociology Board Paper 2024

The Class 12 Sociology Answer Key and Question Papers might help candidates evaluate their projected results. The exam questions in each set have the same grade and number but are arranged differently. We will post the CBSE Class 12 Sociology Question Papers 2023 PDF for all sets in the table below.

Class 12 Sociology Answer Key – Last year

1. The measure of comparing the portion of a population which is composed of dependents with the portion that is the working population is: (a) Age structure of the population (b) Sex ratio (c) Dependency ratio (d) Growth rate of population Answer: (c) Dependency ratio

2. Assertion (A): Caste groups are endogamous, i.e. marriage is restricted to members of the group. Reason (R): Membership in a caste involves strict rules about marriage. (a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A). (b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A). (c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false. (d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true. Answer: (a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).

3. In every society, some people have a greater share of valued resources – money, property, education, health, and power than others. These social resources can be divided into three forms of capital. Which of the following is not a form of capital? (a) Economic (b) Cultural (c) Social (d) Educational Answer: (c) Social

4. Castes also involve sub-divisions within themselves, ie. Castes almost always have sub-castes and sometimes sub-castes may also have sub-sub-castes. This is referred to as a________. (a) Class (b) Division (c) Kinship (d) Segmental Division Answer: (d) Segmental Division

5. Which of the following features is not an element of the policy of Apartheid? (a) Denial of ownership of land (b) Denial of South African citizenship (c) Permission for mixed marriages (d) Denial of formal voice in government

6. A nation is a peculiar sort of community. Choose the incorrect statement about the nation.. (a) Hard to describe (b) Hard to define (c) Based on shared religion, language, (d) It is a community of communities

Answer: (b) Hard to define

7. To assert a single national identity by attempting to eliminate ethno-national and cultural differences from the public and political arena will be considered as a/an __________policy. (a) Assimilationist (b) Dominant group (c) State (d) Diversity

Answer: (a) Assimilationist

8. Which of the following is true for a model of South Asian colonial city? (a) Recreational facilities were not available (b) Unplanned streets (c) Civic amenities were accessible in the European towns of the South Asian colonial city (d) Cramped bungalows Ans. (c) Civic amenities were accessible in the European towns of the South Asian colonial city

9. Assertion (A): Urbanization in the colonial period saw the prosperity of indigenous industries. Reason (R): There was emergence of new colonial cities. (a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A). (b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A). (c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false. (d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true. Ans: (d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

10. Assertion (A): The government has passed a number of laws to regulate the working conditions in coal mines. Reason (R): Many contractors maintain proper register of workers and take responsibility for accidents giving all possible benefits. (a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A). (b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A). (c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false. (d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

Ans: (a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A). 11. What is not true for globalisation and liberalisation in the rural society? (a) Non-participation in WTO (b) Free international trade (c) Opening of Indian markets to imports (d) Competition from the global market Ans: (a) Non-participation in WTO

12. Which of the following statements is true in the scenario of high fertility rate? (a) It takes more time to reach the replacement level. (b) It takes less time to reach the replacement level. (c) It does not impact the replacement level. (d) The impact on replacement level cannot be determined, Ans. (b) It takes less time to reach the replacement level.

13. Assertion (A): To call a strike is a difficult decision. Reason (R): Managers may try to use substitute labour. Workers also find it hard to sustain themselves without wages. (a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A). (b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A). (c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false. (d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true. Ans. (a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).

14. In terms of positive characteristics, tribes have been classified according to their ‘permanent’ and ‘acquired’ traits. Which one of the following is a permanent trait? (a) Region, language (c) Ecological habitat (b) Physical characteristics (d) All of the above Ans. (d) All of the above

15. The sociological importance of contract farming does not include which of the following? (a) It disengages people from the production process. (b) Indigenous knowledge of agriculture becomes irrelevant. (c) It caters primarily to the production of elite items. (d) It is ecologically sustainable. Ans. (d) It is ecologically sustainable.

16. Assertion (A): Social movements are directed towards some broad goals. Reason (R): It involves long and continuous social effort and action by people. (a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A). (b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A). (c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false. (d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

Ans. (a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).

17. __________social movements strive to change the existing social and political arrangements through gradual incremental steps. (a) Reformist (c) Revolutionary (b) Redemptive (d) Relative deprivation Ans. (a) Reformist

18. Which of the following is true for caste system? I Hierarchy II Achieved status III Segmental division (a) I is false (b) I, II are true (c) I, III are true (d) I, II, III are true Ans. (b) I, II are true

19. Which of the following makes dominant caste dominant? (a) Land rights granted by land reforms (b) Intermediate caste identity (c) Large numbers converting to political power (d) All of the above Ans. (d) All of the above

20. Which term is applicable to foreigners, slaves and conquered people? (a) Panchama (c) Kshatriya (b) Brahman (d) Jati Ans. (a) Panchama

Related post: 

• CBSE Class 12 Computer, IT  Paper 2024 with Answers
• CBSE Class 12th Informatics Practices Paper with Answers

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What is the subject code of Sociology in Class 12?

The subject code of Class 12 Sociology is 039

What are the full marks of Class 12 Sociology Question paper?

The full mark of the Class 12 Sociology Question paper is 80 marks.

What is the duration to solve the CBSE 12 Sociology paper?

Students will have three hours to complete the CBSE 12th Sociology paper.

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