quote in an essay meaning

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How to Put a Quote in an Essay

Last Updated: November 28, 2022 Fact Checked

This article was co-authored by Christopher Taylor, PhD and by wikiHow staff writer, Danielle Blinka, MA, MPA . Christopher Taylor is an Adjunct Assistant Professor of English at Austin Community College in Texas. He received his PhD in English Literature and Medieval Studies from the University of Texas at Austin in 2014. There are 11 references cited in this article, which can be found at the bottom of the page. This article has been fact-checked, ensuring the accuracy of any cited facts and confirming the authority of its sources. This article has been viewed 2,634,434 times.

Using a direct quote in your essay is a great way to support your ideas with concrete evidence, which you need to support your thesis. To select a good quote , look for a passage that supports your argument and is open to analysis. Then, incorporate that quote into your essay, and make sure you properly cite it based on the style guide you’re using.

Sample Quotes

Incorporating a Short Quote

• For instance, let's say this is the quote you want to use: "The brown leaves symbolize the death of their relationship, while the green buds suggest new opportunities will soon unfold."
• If you just type that sentence into your essay and put quotes around it, your reader will be disoriented. Instead, you could incorporate it into a sentence like this: "The imagery in the story mirrors what's happening in Lia's love life, as 'The brown leaves symbolize the death of their relationship, while the green buds suggest new opportunities will soon unfold.'"

• "Critic Alex Li says, 'The frequent references to the color blue are used to suggest that the family is struggling to cope with the loss of their matriarch.'"
• "According to McKinney’s research, 'Adults who do yoga at least three times a week have lower blood pressure, better sleeping patterns, and fewer everyday frustrations.'"
• "Based on several recent studies, people are more likely to sit on the park benches when they're shaded by trees."

• You still need to use quotation marks even if you're only quoting a few words.
• If you're in doubt, it's best to be cautious and use quotes.

• For example, let’s say you used the quote, “According to McKinney’s research, ‘Adults who do yoga at least three times a week have lower blood pressure, better sleeping patterns, and fewer everyday frustrations.’” Your commentary might read, “This shows that yoga can have a positive impact on people’s health, so incorporating it into the workplace can help improve employee health outcomes. Since yoga makes employees healthier, they’ll likely have reduced insurance costs.”

• When you use a paraphrase, you still need to provide commentary that links the paraphrased material back to your thesis and ideas.

Using a Long Quote

• The reader will recognize that the material is a direct quote because it's set off from the rest of the text. That's why you don't need to use quotation marks. However, you will include your citation at the bottom.

• "In The Things They Carried , the items carried by soldiers in the Vietnam war are used to both characterize them and burden the readers with the weight they are carrying: The things they carried were largely determined by necessity. Among the necessities or near-necessities were P-38 can openers, pocket knives, heat tabs, wristwatches, dog tags, mosquito repellent, chewing gum, candy cigarettes, salt tablets, packets of Kool-Aid, lighters, matches, sewing kits, Military Payment Certificates, C rations, and two or three canteens of water." (O'Brien 2)

Variation: When you're citing two or more paragraphs, you must use block quotes, even if the passage you want to quote is less than four lines long. You should indent the first line of each paragraph an extra quarter inch. Then, use ellipses (…) at the end of one paragraph to transition to the next.

• Your block quote will use the same spacing as the rest of your paper, which will likely be double-spacing.

• For example, “According to Li, “Rosa is the first sister to pick a rose because she’s the only one who’s begun to move on after their mother’s death” might become “According to Li, “Rosa is the first sister to pick a rose because she’s … begun to move on after their mother’s death.”
• Don’t eliminate words to change the meaning of the original text. For instance, it’s not appropriate to use an ellipsis to change “plants did not grow faster when exposed to poetry” to “plants did … grow faster when exposed to poetry.”

• For example, let’s say you want to use the quote, “All of them experienced a more relaxed, calmer disposition after doing yoga for 6 months.” This doesn’t tell the reader who you’re talking about. You could use brackets to say, “All of [the teachers in the study] experienced a more relaxed, calmer disposition after doing yoga for 6 months.”
• However, if you know the study is talking about teachers, you couldn’t use brackets to say, “All of [society experiences] a more relaxed, calmer disposition after doing yoga for 6 months.”

• If you don't explain your quote well, then it's not helping your ideas. You can't expect the reader to connect the quote back to your thesis for you.

• For instance, you may prefer to use a long block quote to present a passage from a literary work that demonstrates the author's style. However, let's say you were using a journal article to provide a critic's perspective on an author's work. You may not need to directly quote an entire paragraph word-for-word to get their point across. Instead, use a paraphrase.

Tip: If you’re unsure about a quote, ask yourself, “Can I paraphrase this in more concise language and not lose any support for my argument?” If the answer is yes, a quote is not necessary.

Citing Your Quote

• An MLA citation will look like this: (Lopez 24)
• For sources with multiple authors, separate their names with the word “and:” (Anderson and Smith 55-56) or (Taylor, Gomez, and Austin 89)
• If you use the author’s name in your lead-in to the quote, you just need to provide the year in parentheses: According to Luz Lopez, “the green grass symbolizes a fresh start for Lia (24).”

• An APA citation for a direct quote looks like this: (Ronan, 2019, p. 10)
• If you’re citing multiple authors, separate their names with the word “and:” (Cruz, Hanks, and Simmons, 2019, p. 85)
• If you incorporated the author’s name into your lead-in, you can just give the year and page number: Based on Ronan’s (2019, p. 10) analysis, “coffee breaks improve productivity.”

• For instance, a Chicago Style citation will look like this: (Alexander 2019, 125)
• If you’re quoting a source with multiple authors, separate them with the word “and:” (Pattinson, Stewart, and Green 2019, 175)
• If you already incorporated the author’s name into your quote, then you can just provide the year and page number: According to Alexander, “the smell of roses increases feelings of happiness” (2019, 125).

• For MLA, you'd cite an article like this: Lopez, Luz. "A Fresh Blossom: Imagery in 'Her Darkest Sunshine.'" Journal of Stories , vol. 2, no. 5, 2019, p. 15-22. [17] X Trustworthy Source Purdue Online Writing Lab Trusted resource for writing and citation guidelines Go to source
• In APA, you'd cite an article like this: Lopez, Luz. (2019). A Fresh Blossom: Imagery in "Her Darkest Sunshine." Journal of Stories , 2(5), 15-22. [18] X Trustworthy Source Purdue Online Writing Lab Trusted resource for writing and citation guidelines Go to source
• For Chicago Style, your article citation would look like this: Lopez, Luz. "A Fresh Blossom: Imagery in 'Her Darkest Sunshine.'" Journal of Stories 2 no. 4 (2019): 15-22. [19] X Trustworthy Source Purdue Online Writing Lab Trusted resource for writing and citation guidelines Go to source

Selecting a Quote

Tip: Quotes are most effective when the original language of the person or text you’re quoting is worth repeating word-for-word.

• If you’re struggling to explain the quote or link it back to your argument, then it’s likely not a good idea to include it in your essay.

• Paraphrases and summaries work just like a direct quote, except that you don’t need to put quotation marks around them because you’re using your own words to restate ideas. However, you still need to cite the sources you used.

Community Q&A

• Always cite your quotes properly. If you don't, it is considered plagiarism. Thanks Helpful 0 Not Helpful 0

You Might Also Like

• ↑ https://www.ursinus.edu/live/files/1160-integrating-quotespdf
• ↑ https://lsa.umich.edu/sweetland/undergraduates/writing-guides/how-do-i-incorporate-quotes-.html
• ↑ https://helpfulprofessor.com/quotes/
• ↑ https://advice.writing.utoronto.ca/using-sources/quotations/
• ↑ https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/mla_style/mla_formatting_and_style_guide/mla_formatting_quotations.html
• ↑ https://guides.libraries.psu.edu/apaquickguide/intext
• ↑ https://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide/citation-guide-2.html
• ↑ https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/mla_style/mla_formatting_and_style_guide/mla_formatting_and_style_guide.html
• ↑ https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/reference_list_articles_in_periodicals.html
• ↑ https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/chicago_manual_17th_edition/cmos_formatting_and_style_guide/periodicals.html
• ↑ https://writingcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/quotations/

About This Article

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The content of this article is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, examination, diagnosis, or treatment. You should always contact your doctor or other qualified healthcare professional before starting, changing, or stopping any kind of health treatment.

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To put a quote in an essay, incorporate it directly into a sentence if it's shorter than 4 typed lines. For example, you could write "According to researchers," and then insert the quote. If a quote is longer than 4 typed lines, set it off from the rest of the paragraph, and don't put quotes around it. After the quote, include an in-text citation so readers know where it's from. The right way to cite the quote will depend on whether you're using MLA, APA, or Chicago Style formatting. For more tips from our English co-author, like how to omit words from a quote, scroll down! Did this summary help you? Yes No

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How to use Quotes in an Essay in 7 Simple Steps

A quote can be an effective and powerful literary tool in an essay, but it needs to be done well. To use quotes in an essay, you need to make sure your quotes are short, backed up with explanations, and used rarely. The best essays use a maximum of 2 quotes for every 1500 words.

Rules for using quotes in essays:

• Avoid Long Quotes.
• Quotes should be less than 1 sentence long.
• Match Quotes with Explanations and Examples.
• Use Max. 2 Quotes for 1500 words.
• Use page numbers when Citing Quotes.
• Don’t Italicize Quotes.
• Avoid quotes inside quotes.

Once you have mastered these quotation writing rules you’ll be on your way to growing your marks in your next paper.

How to use Quotes in an Essay

1. avoid long quotes.

There’s a simple rule to follow here: don’t use a quote that is longer than one line. In fact,  four word quotes  are usually best.

Long quotes in essays are red flags for teachers. It doesn’t matter if it is an amazing quote. Many, many teachers don’t like long quotes, so it’s best to avoid them.

Too many students provide quotes that take up half of a paragraph. This will lose you marks – big time.

If you follow my  perfect paragraph formula , you know that most paragraphs should be about six sentences long, which comes out to about six or seven typed lines on paper. That means that your quote will be a maximum of one-sixth (1/6) of your paragraph. This leaves plenty of space for discussion in your own words.

One reason teachers don’t like long quotes is that they suck up your word count. It can start to look like you didn’t have enough to say, so you inserted quotes to pad out your essay. Even if this is only your teacher’s perception, it’s something that you need to be aware of.

Here’s an example of over-use of quotes in paragraphs:

Avoid Quotes that are Too Long

Children who grow up in poverty often end up being poor as adults. “Many adult Americans believe that hard work and drive are important factors on economic mobility. When statistics show that roughly 42% of children born into the bottom level of the income distribution will likely stay there (Isaacs, 2007), this Is a consequence of structural and social barriers.” (Mistry et al., 2016, p. 761). Therefore poverty in childhood needs to be addressed by the government.

This student made the fatal mistake of having the quote overtake the paragraph.

Simply put, don’t use a quote that is longer than one line long. Ever. It’s just too risky.

Personally, I like to use a 4-word quote in my essays. Four-word quotes are long enough to constitute an actual quote but short enough that I have to think about how I will fit that quote around my own writing. This forces me to write quotations that both show:

• I have read the original source, but also:
• I know how to paraphrase

2. Do not use a Quote to that takes up a full Sentence, Starts a Sentence, or Ends a Paragraph

These are three common but fatal mistakes.

Essay quotes that start sentences or end paragraphs make you appear passive.

If you use a quotation in an essay to start a sentence or end a paragraph, your teacher automatically thinks that your quote is replacing analysis, rather than supporting it.

You should instead start the sentence that contains the quote with your own writing. This makes it appear that you have an  active voice .

Similarly, you should end a paragraph with your own analysis, not a quote.

Let’s look at some examples of quotes that start sentences and end paragraphs. These examples are poor examples of using quotes:

Avoid Quotes that Start Sentences The theorist Louis Malaguzzi was the founder of the Reggio Emilia Approach to Education. “Children have the ability to learn through play and exploration. Play helps children to learn about their surroundings” (Malaguzzi, 1949, p. 10). Play is better than learning through repetition of drills or reading. Play is good for all children.

Avoid Quotes that End Paragraphs Before Judith Butler gender was seen as being a binary linked to sex, men were masculine and women were feminine. Butler came up with this new idea that gender is just something society has made up over time. “Gender is a fluid concept” (Butler, 1990, p. 136).

Both these quotes are from essays that were shared with me by colleagues. My colleagues marked these students down for these quotes because of the quotes:

• took up full sentences;
• started sentences; and
• were used to end paragraphs.

It didn’t appear as if the students were analyzing the quotes. Instead, the quotes were doing the talking for the students.

There are some easy strategies to use in order to make it appear that you are actively discussing and analyzing quotes.

One is that you should make sure the essay sentences with quotes in them  don’t start with the quote . Here are some examples of how we can change the quotes:

Example 1: Start Quote Sentences with an Active Voice The theorist Louis Malaguzzi was the founder of the Reggio Emilia Approach to Education. According to Malaguzzi (1949, p. 10), “children have the ability to learn through play and exploration.” Here, Malaguzzi is highlighting how to play is linked to finding things out about the world. Play is important for children to develop. Play is better than learning through repetition of drills or reading. Play is good for all children.

Here, the sentence with the quote was amended so that the student has an active voice. They start the sentence with According to Malaguzzi, ….

Similarly, in the second example, we can also insert an active voice by ensuring that our quote sentence does not start with a quote:

Example 2: Start Quote Sentences with an Active Voice In 1990, Judith Butler revolutionized Feminist understandings of gender by arguing that “gender is a fluid concept” (p. 136). Before Butler’s 1990 book  Gender Trouble , gender was seen as being a binary linked to sex. Men were masculine and women were feminine. Butler came up with this new idea that gender is just something society has made up over time.

In this example, the quote is not at the start of a sentence or end of a paragraph – tick!

How to Start Sentences containing Quotes using an Active Voice

• According to Malaguzzi (1949, p. 10), “…”
• Malaguzzi (1949, p. 10) argues that “…”
• In 1949, Malaguzzi (p. 10) highlighted that “…”
• The argument of Malaguzzi (1949, p. 10) that “…” provides compelling insight into the issue.

3. Match Quotes with Explanations and Examples

Earlier on, I stated that one key reason to use quotes in essays is so that you can analyze them.

Quotes shouldn’t stand alone as explanations. Quotes should be there to be analyzed, not to do the analysis.

Let’s look again at the quote used in Point 1:

Example: A Quote that is Too Long Children who grow up in poverty often end up being poor as adults.  “Many adult Americans believe that hard work and drive are important factors in economic mobility. When statistics show that roughly 42% of children born into the bottom level of the income distribution will likely stay there (Isaacs, 2007), this Is a consequence of structural and social barriers.”  (Mistry et al., 2016, p. 761). Therefore poverty in childhood needs to be addressed by the government.

This student has included the facts, figures, citations and key details in the quote. Essentially, this student has been lazy. They failed to paraphrase.

Instead, this student could have selected the most striking phrase from the quote and kept it. Then, the rest should be paraphrased. The most striking phrase in this quote was “[poverty] is a consequence of structural and social barriers.” (Mistry et al., 2016, p. 761).

So, take that one key phrase, then paraphrase the rest:

Example: Paraphrasing Long Quotes Children who grow up in poverty often end up being poor as adults. In their analysis, Mistry et al. (2016) highlight that there is a misconception in American society that hard work is enough to escape poverty. Instead, they argue, there is evidence that over 40% of people born in poverty remain in poverty. For Mistry et al. (2016, p. 761), this data shows that poverty is not a matter of being lazy alone, but more importantly  “a consequence of structural and social barriers.”  This implies that poverty in childhood needs to be addressed by the government.

To recap,  quotes shouldn’t do the talking for you . Provide a brief quote in your essay, and then show you understand it with surrounding explanation and analysis.

4. Know how many Quotes to use in an Essay

There’s a simple rule for how many quotes should be in an essay.

Here’s a good rule to follow: one quote for every five paragraphs. A paragraph is usually 150 words long, so you’re looking at  one quote in every 750 words, maximum .

To extrapolate that out, you’ll want a maximum of about:

• 2 quotes for a 1500-word paper;
• 3 quotes for a 2000-word paper;
• 4 quotes for a 3000-word paper.

That’s the maximum , not a target. There’s no harm in writing a paper that has absolutely zero quotes in it, so long as it’s still clear that you’ve closely read and paraphrased your readings.

The reason you don’t want to use more quotes than this in your essay is that teachers want to see you saying things in your own words. When you over-use quotes, it is a sign to your teacher that you don’t know how to paraphrase well.

5. Always use page numbers when Citing Quotes in Essays

One biggest problem with quotes are that many students don’t know how to cite quotes in essays.

Nearly every referencing format requires you to include a page number in your citation. This includes the three most common referencing formats: Harvard, APA, and MLA. All of them require you to provide page numbers with quotes.

Citing a Quote in Chicago Style – Include Page Numbers

• Incorrect: “Gender is a fluid concept” (Butler 1990).
• Correct: “Gender is a fluid concept” (Butler 1990, 136).

Citing a Quote in APA and Harvard Styles – Include Page Numbers

• Incorrect: “Gender is a fluid concept” (Butler, 1990).
• Correct: “Gender is a fluid concept” (Butler, 1990, p. 136).

Citing a Quote in MLA Style – Include Page Numbers

• Incorrect: “Gender is a fluid concept” (Butler).
• Correct: “Gender is a fluid concept” (Butler 136).

Including a page number in your quotation makes a huge difference when a marker is trying to determine how high your grade should be.

This is especially true when you’re already up in the higher marks range. These little editing points can mean the difference between placing first in the class and third. Don’t underestimate the importance of attention to detail.

6. Don’t Italicize Quotes

For some reason, students love to use italics for quotes. This is wrong in absolutely every major referencing format, yet it happens all the time.

I don’t know where this started, but please don’t do it. It looks sloppy, and teachers notice. A nice, clean, well-formatted essay should not contain these minor but not insignificant errors. If you want to be a top student, you need to pay attention to minor details.

7. Avoid quotes inside quotes

Have you ever found a great quote and thought, “I want to quote that quote!” Quoting a quote is a tempting thing to do, but not worth your while.

I’ll often see students write something like this:

Poor Quotation Example: Quotes Inside Quotes Rousseau “favored a civil religion because it would be more tolerant of diversity than Christianity. Indeed ‘no state has ever been founded without religion as its base’ (Rousseau, 1913: 180).” (Durkheim, 1947, p. 19).

Here, there are quotes on top of quotes. The student has quoted Durkheim quoting Rousseau. This quote has become a complete mess and hard to read. The minute something’s hard to read, it loses marks.

Here are two solutions:

• Cite the original source. If you really want the Rousseau quote, just cite Rousseau. Stop messing around with quotes on top of quotes.
• Learn the ‘as cited in’ method. Frankly, that method’s too complicated to discuss here. But if you google it, you’ll be able to teach yourself.

When Should I use Quotes in Essays?

1. to highlight an important statement.

One main reason to use quotes in essays is to emphasize a famous statement by a top thinker in your field.

The statement must be  important. It can’t be just any random comment.

Here are some examples of when to use quotes in essays to emphasize the words of top thinkers:

• The words of Stephen Hawking go a long way in Physics ;
• The words of JK Rowling go a long way in Creative Writing ;
• The words of Michel Foucault go a long way in Cultural Studies ;
• The words of Jean Piaget go a long way in Education Studies .

2. To analyze an Important Statement.

Another reason to use quotes in essays is when you want to analyze a statement by a specific author. This author might not be famous, but they might have said something that requires unpacking and analyzing. You can provide a quote, then unpack it by explaining your interpretation of it in the following sentences.

Quotes usually need an explanation and example. You can unpack the quote by asking:

• What did they mean,
• Why is it relevant, and
• Why did they say this?

You want to always follow up quotes by top thinkers or specific authors with discussion and analysis.

Quotes should be accompanied by:

• Explanations of the quote;
• Analysis of the ideas presented in the quote; or
• Real-world examples that show you understand what the quote means.

Remember: A quote should be a stimulus for a discussion, not a replacement for discussion.

What Bad Quotes Look Like

Many teachers I have worked with don’t like when students use quotes in essays. In fact, some teachers absolutely hate essay quotes. The teachers I have met tend to hate these sorts of quotes:

• When you use too many quotes.
• When you use the wrong citation format.
• When you don’t provide follow-up explanations of quotes.
• When you used quotes because you don’t know how to paraphrase .

Be a minimalist when it comes to using quotes. Here are the seven approaches I recommend for using quotes in essays:

• Avoid Long Quotes in Essays
• Do not use a Quote that takes up a full Sentence, Starts a Sentence, or Ends a Paragraph
• Match Quotes with Explanations and Examples
• Use a Maximum of 2 Quotes for every 1500 words
• Always use page numbers when Citing Quotes in Essays
• Don’t Italicize Quotes
• Avoid quotes inside quotes

Chris Drew (PhD)

Dr. Chris Drew is the founder of the Helpful Professor. He holds a PhD in education and has published over 20 articles in scholarly journals. He is the former editor of the Journal of Learning Development in Higher Education. [Image Descriptor: Photo of Chris]

• Chris Drew (PhD) https://helpfulprofessor.com/author/chris-drew-phd/ 5 Top Tips for Succeeding at University
• Chris Drew (PhD) https://helpfulprofessor.com/author/chris-drew-phd/ 50 Durable Goods Examples
• Chris Drew (PhD) https://helpfulprofessor.com/author/chris-drew-phd/ 100 Consumer Goods Examples
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Put a Quote in an Essay

Home / Blog / How To Put A Quote In An Essay (with Examples)

Introduction

When writing an essay , it is essential to incorporate quotes from reputable sources to support your arguments and ideas. However, knowing how to use quotes effectively is crucial in maintaining the flow and clarity of your essay. This blog will discuss the proper ways to put a quote in an essay with examples.

Why Use Quotes in an Essay?

Quotes are used in an essay to support or reinforce the writer's arguments and ideas. They provide evidence for your claims and demonstrate that your argument is backed up by research and authority. Incorporating quotes also helps to provide context and depth to your writing and can add a unique perspective to your essay.

Types of Quotes

There are two types of quotes you can use in your essay: direct quotes and indirect quotes.

Direct Quotes: Direct quotes are the exact words used by the source that you are quoting. When using direct quotes, you need to use quotation marks and indicate the source.

Example: According to John Smith, "The Earth is round."

Indirect Quotes: Indirect quotes are a paraphrase of the original source. When using indirect quotes, you do not need to use quotation marks.

Example: John Smith claims that the Earth is round.

How to Put a Quote in an Essay

When using quotes in an essay, there are several rules that you need to follow to ensure that your writing is clear, accurate, and appropriate. Here are the steps to follow:

Step 1: Choose a Relevant Quote

Before you start writing your essay, identify the quotes that you want to use to support your arguments. Ensure that the quotes you select are relevant, reliable, and add value to your essay.

Step 2: Introduce the Quote

Introduce the quote by providing context and indicating who the source is. This will help the reader understand the significance of the quote and its relevance to your argument.

Example: According to Jane Doe, a renowned climate scientist, "Climate change is the biggest threat facing humanity."

Step 3: Use Quotation Marks

When using a direct quote, use quotation marks to indicate that you are using the exact words of the source.

Example: According to Jane Doe, "Climate change is the biggest threat facing humanity."

Step 4: Provide the Source

Provide the source of the quote, including the author's name, the title of the book or article, and the page number. This will help the reader find the source if they want to read it.

Example: According to Jane Doe, a renowned climate scientist, "Climate change is the biggest threat facing humanity." (Doe, The State of the Climate, p. 25)

Step 5: Punctuate Correctly

Punctuate the quote correctly by placing the comma or period inside the quotation marks, depending on whether it is a part of the quote or your sentence.

Step 6: Explain the Quote

Explain the significance of the quote in your own words. This will help the reader understand how the quote supports your argument.

Example: Jane Doe's quote highlights the urgency of addressing climate change as it poses a significant threat to human survival.

Step 7: Cite Your Sources

Ensure that you cite your sources correctly using the citation style specified by your instructor or the style guide for your discipline.

Common Mistakes to Avoid When Using Quotes in an Essay

Using quotes in an essay can be tricky, and many students make mistakes that can impact the quality of their writing. Here are some common mistakes to avoid when using quotes in an essay:

Failing to provide context: It is essentialto provide context when using a quote in an essay. Failure to do so can confuse the reader and make the quote appear out of place. Always introduce the quote and provide some background information about the source and why you are using the quote.

Overusing quotes: While quotes can add value to your essay, it is essential not to overuse them. Use quotes sparingly and only when necessary. Overusing quotes can make your writing appear lazy, and it may give the impression that you are not confident in your own ideas.

Incorrectly citing sources: Always cite your sources correctly using the citation style specified by your instructor or the style guide for your discipline. Failure to do so can lead to accusations of plagiarism , which can have serious consequences.

Misquoting or altering a quote: When using a direct quote, it is essential to use the exact words of the source. Do not alter the quote or misquote the source as this can distort the meaning and accuracy of the quote.

Failing to explain the quote: When using a quote, it is important to explain its significance and how it supports your argument. Failure to do so can make the quote appear irrelevant and disconnected from your essay.

Examples of Quotes in an Essay

Here are some examples of how to use quotes in an essay:

Example 1: Argumentative Essay

Topic: Should students be required to wear school uniforms?

Quote: "School uniforms promote a sense of unity and equality among students, and they help to reduce instances of bullying based on clothing." (Johnson, School Uniforms, p. 10)

Explanation: The quote supports the argument that school uniforms can have a positive impact on student behavior and reduce instances of bullying. It is introduced with the source and provides context for the argument.

Example 2: Persuasive Essay

Topic: The importance of recycling

Quote: "Every ton of paper that is recycled saves 17 trees, 7,000 gallons of water, and 463 gallons of oil." (Environmental Protection Agency)

Explanation: The quote provides a powerful statistic that supports the importance of recycling. It is introduced with the source, and its significance is explained in the following sentences.

Example 3: Expository Essay

Topic: The history of the American Civil War

Quote: "Four score and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal." (Lincoln, Gettysburg Address)

Explanation: The quote is an iconic line from Abraham Lincoln's Gettysburg Address, which is a significant event in American history. It is introduced with the source, and its significance is explained in the following sentences.

Incorporating quotes in an essay can add depth, context, and authority to your writing. However, it is important to use quotes effectively and appropriately. Always choose relevant and reliable quotes, introduce them with context, use the correct punctuation, explain their significance, and cite your sources correctly. By following these guidelines, you can effectively use quotes in your essay and improve the quality of your writing.

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A Guide to Using Quotations in Essays

Quotations Add Credibility to a Persuasive Essay

• Love Quotes
• Great Lines from Movies and Television
• Quotations For Holidays
• Best Sellers
• Classic Literature
• Plays & Drama
• Shakespeare
• Short Stories
• Children's Books
• M.B.A, Human Resource Development and Management, Narsee Monjee Institution of Management Studies
• B.S., University of Mumbai, Commerce, Accounting, and Finance

If you want to make an impact on your reader, you can draw on the potency of quotations. The  effective use of quotations  augments the power of your arguments and makes your essays more interesting.

But there is a need for caution! Are you convinced that the quotation you have chosen is helping your essay and not hurting it? Here are some factors to consider to ensure that you are doing the right thing.

What Is This Quotation Doing in This Essay?

Let us begin at the beginning. You have a chosen a quotation for your essay. But, why that specific quotation?

A good quotation should do one or more of the following:

• Make an opening impact on the reader
• Build credibility for your essay
• Make the essay more interesting
• Close the essay with a point to ponder upon

If the quotation does not meet a few of these objectives, then it is of little value. Merely stuffing a quotation into your essay can do more harm than good.

Your Essay Is Your Mouthpiece

Should the quotation speak for the essay or should the essay speak for the quotation? Quotations should add impact to the essay and not steal the show. If your quotation has more punch than your essay, then something is seriously wrong. Your essay should be able to stand on its own legs; the quotation should merely make this stand stronger.

How Many Quotations Should You Use in Your Essay?

Using too many quotations is like having several people shouting on your behalf. This will drown out your voice. Refrain from overcrowding your essay with words of wisdom from famous people. You own the essay, so make sure that you are heard.

Don't Make It Look Like You Plagiarized

There are some rules and standards when using quotations in an essay. The most important one is that you should not give the impression of being the author of the quotation. That would amount to plagiarism . Here are a set of rules to clearly distinguish your writing from the quotation:

• You may describe the quotation in your own words before using it. In this case, you should use a colon (:) to indicate the beginning of the quotation. Then begin the quotation with a quotation mark ("). After you have completed the quotation, close it with a quotation mark ("). Here is an example: Sir Winston Churchill made a witty remark on the attitude of a pessimist: "A pessimist sees the difficulty in every opportunity; an optimist sees the opportunity in every difficulty."
• The sentence in which the quotation is embedded might not explicitly describe the quotation, but merely introduce it. In such a case, do away with the colon. Simply use the quotation marks . Here is an example: Sir Winston Churchill once said, "A pessimist sees the difficulty in every opportunity; an optimist sees the opportunity in every difficulty."
• As far as possible, you should mention the author and the source of the quotation. For instance: In Shakespeare ’s play "As You Like It," Touchstone says to Audrey in the Forest of Arden, "The fool doth think he is wise, but the wise man knows himself to be a fool." (Act V, Scene I).
• Ensure that the source of your quotation is authentic. Also, verify the author of your quotation. You can do so by looking up the quotation on authoritative websites. For formal writing, do not rely on just one website.

Blend Quotations In

An essay can seem quite jarring if the quotation does not blend in. The quotation should naturally fit into your essay. No one is interested in reading quotation-stuffed essays.

Here are some good tips on blending in your quotations:

• You can begin your essay with a quotation that sets off the basic idea of the essay. This can have a lasting impact on your reader. In the introductory paragraph of your essay, you can comment on the quotation if you like. In any case, do ensure that the relevance of the quotation is communicated well.
• Your choice of phrases and adjectives can significantly boost the impact of the quotation in your essay. Do not use monotonous phrases like: "George Washington once said...." If your essay is written for the appropriate context, consider using emphatic expressions like: "George Washington rocked the nation by saying...."

Using Long Quotations

It is usually better to have short and crisp quotations in your essay. Generally, long quotations must be used sparingly as they tend to weigh down the reader. However, there are times when your essay has more impact with a longer quotation.

If you have decided to use a long quotation, consider paraphrasing , as it usually works better. But, there is a downside to paraphrasing too. Instead of paraphrasing, if you use a direct quotation , you will avoid misrepresentation. The decision to use a long quotation is not trivial. It is your judgment call.

If you are convinced that a particular long quotation is more effective, be sure to format and punctuate it correctly.   Long quotations should be set off as block quotations . The format of block quotations should follow the guidelines that you might have been provided. If there are no specific guidelines, you can follow the usual standard—if a quotation is more than three lines long, you set it off as a block quote. Blocking implies indenting it about half an inch on the left.

Usually, a brief introduction to a long quotation is warranted. In other cases, you might need to provide a complete analysis of the quotation. In this case, it is best to begin with the quotation and follow it with the analysis, rather than the other way around.

Using Cute Quotes or Poetry

Some students choose a cute quotation first and then try to plug it into their essay. As a consequence, such quotations usually drag the reader away from the essay.

Quoting a verse from a poem, however, can add a lot of charm to your essay. I have come across writing that acquires a romantic edge merely by including a poetic quotation. If you are quoting from poetry, keep in mind that a small extract of a poem, say about two lines long, requires the use of slash marks (/) to indicate line breaks. Here is an example:

Charles Lamb has aptly described a child as "A child's a plaything for an hour;/ Its pretty tricks we try / For that or for a longer space; / Then tire, and lay it by." (1-4)

If you use a single line extract of a poem, punctuate it like any other short quotation without the slashes. Quotation marks are required at the beginning and at the end of the extract. However, if your quotation is more than three lines of poetry, I would suggest that you treat it like you would have treated a long quotation from prose. In this case, you should use the block quote format.

Does Your Reader Understand the Quotation?

Perhaps the most important question you must ask yourself when using a quotation is: "Do readers understand the quotation and its relevance to my essay ?"

If the reader is re-reading a quotation, just to understand it, then you are in trouble. So when you choose a quotation for your essay, ask yourself the following questions:

• Is this too convoluted for my reader?
• Does this match the tastes of my audience ?
• Is the grammar and vocabulary in this quotation understandable?
• How to Use Block Quotations in Writing
• Definition and Examples of Direct Quotations
• Definition and Examples of Quotation in English Grammar
• How to Use Shakespeare Quotes
• Guidelines for Using Quotation Marks Correctly
• What Is an Indentation?
• Practice in Using Quotation Marks Correctly
• How To Write an Essay
• Difference Between "Quote" and "Quotation": What Is the Right Word?
• The Five Steps of Writing an Essay
• How and When to Paraphrase Quotations
• Write an Attention-Grabbing Opening Sentence for an Essay
• Development in Composition: Building an Essay
• Compose a Narrative Essay or Personal Statement
• What an Essay Is and How to Write One

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• How to Quote | Citing Quotes in Harvard & APA

How to Quote | Citing Quotes in Harvard & APA

Published on 15 April 2022 by Shona McCombes and Jack Caulfield. Revised on 3 September 2022.

Quoting means copying a passage of someone else’s words and crediting the source. To quote a source, you must ensure:

• The quoted text is enclosed in quotation marks (usually single quotation marks in UK English, though double is acceptable as long as you’re consistent) or formatted as a block quote
• The original author is correctly cited
• The text is identical to the original

The exact format of a quote depends on its length and on which citation style you are using. Quoting and citing correctly is essential to avoid plagiarism , which is easy to detect with a good plagiarism checker .

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Table of contents

How to cite a quote in harvard and apa style, introducing quotes, quotes within quotes, shortening or altering a quote, block quotes, when should i use quotes, frequently asked questions about quoting sources.

Every time you quote, you must cite the source correctly . This looks slightly different depending on the citation style you’re using.

Citing a quote in Harvard style

When you include a quote in Harvard style, you must add a Harvard in-text citation giving the author’s last name, the year of publication, and a page number if available. Any full stop or comma appears after the citation, not within the quotation marks.

Citations can be parenthetical or narrative. In a parenthetical citation , you place all the information in brackets after the quote. In a narrative citation , you name the author in your sentence (followed by the year), and place the page number after the quote.

• Evolution is a gradual process that ‘can act only by very short and slow steps’ (Darwin, 1859, p. 510) . Darwin (1859) explains that evolution ‘can act only by very short and slow steps’ (p. 510) .

Complete guide to Harvard style

Citing a quote in APA Style

To cite a direct quote in APA , you must include the author’s last name, the year, and a page number, all separated by commas. If the quote appears on a single page, use ‘p.’; if it spans a page range, use ‘pp.’

An APA in-text citation can be parenthetical or narrative. In a parenthetical citation , you place all the information in parentheses after the quote. In a narrative citation , you name the author in your sentence (followed by the year), and place the page number after the quote.

Punctuation marks such as full stops and commas are placed after the citation, not within the quotation marks.

• Evolution is a gradual process that ‘can act only by very short and slow steps’ (Darwin, 1859, p. 510) .
• Darwin (1859) explains that evolution ‘can act only by very short and slow steps’ (p. 510) .

Complete guide to APA

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Make sure you integrate quotes properly into your text by introducing them in your own words, showing the reader why you’re including the quote and providing any context necessary to understand it.  Don’t  present quotations as stand-alone sentences.

There are three main strategies you can use to introduce quotes in a grammatically correct way:

• Add an introductory sentence
• Use an introductory signal phrase
• Integrate the quote into your own sentence

The following examples use APA Style citations, but these strategies can be used in all styles.

Introductory sentence

Introduce the quote with a full sentence ending in a colon . Don’t use a colon if the text before the quote isn’t a full sentence.

If you name the author in your sentence, you may use present-tense verbs, such as “states’, ‘argues’, ‘explains’, ‘writes’, or ‘reports’, to describe the content of the quote.

• In Denmark, a recent poll shows that: ‘A membership referendum held today would be backed by 55 percent of Danish voters’ (Levring, 2018, p. 3).
• In Denmark, a recent poll shows that support for the EU has grown since the Brexit vote: ‘A membership referendum held today would be backed by 55 percent of Danish voters’ (Levring, 2018, p. 3).
• Levring (2018) reports that support for the EU has grown since the Brexit vote: ‘A membership referendum held today would be backed by 55 percent of Danish voters’ (p. 3).

Introductory signal phrase

You can also use a signal phrase that mentions the author or source but doesn’t form a full sentence. In this case, you follow the phrase with a comma instead of a colon.

• According to a recent poll, ‘A membership referendum held today would be backed by 55 percent of Danish voters’ (Levring, 2018, p. 3).
• As Levring (2018) explains, ‘A membership referendum held today would be backed by 55 percent of Danish voters’ (p. 3).

Integrated into your own sentence

To quote a phrase that doesn’t form a full sentence, you can also integrate it as part of your sentence, without any extra punctuation.

• A recent poll suggests that EU membership ‘would be backed by 55 percent of Danish voters’ in a referendum (Levring, 2018, p. 3).
• Levring (2018) reports that EU membership ‘would be backed by 55 percent of Danish voters’ in a referendum (p. 3).

When you quote text that itself contains another quote, this is called a nested quotation or a quote within a quote. It may occur, for example, when quoting dialogue from a novel.

To distinguish this quote from the surrounding quote, you enclose it in double (instead of single) quotation marks (even if this involves changing the punctuation from the original text). Make sure to close both sets of quotation marks at the appropriate moments.

Note that if you only quote the nested quotation itself, and not the surrounding text, you can just use single quotation marks.

• Carraway introduces his narrative by quoting his father: ‘ ‘ Whenever you feel like criticizing anyone, ‘ he told me, ‘ just remember that all the people in this world haven’t had the advantages that you’ve had ‘ ‘ (Fitzgerald 1).
• Carraway introduces his narrative by quoting his father: ‘”Whenever you feel like criticizing anyone,” he told me, “just remember that all the people in this world haven’t had the advantages that you’ve had “  (Fitzgerald 1).
• Carraway introduces his narrative by quoting his father: ‘“Whenever you feel like criticizing anyone,” he told me, “just remember that all the people in this world haven’t had the advantages that you’ve had”’ (Fitzgerald 1).
• Carraway begins by quoting his father’s invocation to ‘remember that all the people in this world haven’t had the advantages that you’ve had’ (Fitzgerald 1).

Note:  When the quoted text in the source comes from another source, it’s best to just find that original source in order to quote it directly. If you can’t find the original source, you can instead cite it indirectly .

Often, incorporating a quote smoothly into your text requires you to make some changes to the original text. It’s fine to do this, as long as you clearly mark the changes you’ve made to the quote.

Shortening a quote

If some parts of a passage are redundant or irrelevant, you can shorten the quote by removing words, phrases, or sentences and replacing them with an ellipsis (…). Put a space before and after the ellipsis.

Be careful that removing the words doesn’t change the meaning. The ellipsis indicates that some text has been removed, but the shortened quote should still accurately represent the author’s point.

Altering a quote

You can add or replace words in a quote when necessary. This might be because the original text doesn’t fit grammatically with your sentence (e.g., it’s in a different tense), or because extra information is needed to clarify the quote’s meaning.

Use brackets to distinguish words that you have added from words that were present in the original text.

The Latin term ‘ sic ‘ is used to indicate a (factual or grammatical) mistake in a quotation. It shows the reader that the mistake is from the quoted material, not a typo of your own.

In some cases, it can be useful to italicise part of a quotation to add emphasis, showing the reader that this is the key part to pay attention to. Use the phrase ’emphasis added’ to show that the italics were not part of the original text.

You usually don’t need to use brackets to indicate minor changes to punctuation or capitalisation made to ensure the quote fits the style of your text.

If you quote more than a few lines from a source, you must format it as a block quote . Instead of using quotation marks, you set the quote on a new line and indent it so that it forms a separate block of text.

Block quotes are cited just like regular quotes, except that if the quote ends with a full stop, the citation appears after the full stop.

To the end of his days Bilbo could never remember how he found himself outside, without a hat, a walking-stick or any money, or anything that he usually took when he went out; leaving his second breakfast half-finished and quite unwashed-up, pushing his keys into Gandalf’s hands, and running as fast as his furry feet could carry him down the lane, past the great Mill, across The Water, and then on for a mile or more. (16)

Avoid relying too heavily on quotes in academic writing . To integrate a source , it’s often best to paraphrase , which means putting the passage into your own words. This helps you integrate information smoothly and keeps your own voice dominant.

However, there are some situations in which quotes are more appropriate.

When focusing on language

If you want to comment on how the author uses language (for example, in literary analysis ), it’s necessary to quote so that the reader can see the exact passage you are referring to.

When giving evidence

To convince the reader of your argument, interpretation or position on a topic, it’s often helpful to include quotes that support your point. Quotes from primary sources (for example, interview transcripts or historical documents) are especially credible as evidence.

When presenting an author’s position or definition

When you’re referring to secondary sources such as scholarly books and journal articles, try to put others’ ideas in your own words when possible.

But if a passage does a great job at expressing, explaining, or defining something, and it would be very difficult to paraphrase without changing the meaning or losing the weakening the idea’s impact, it’s worth quoting directly.

A quote is an exact copy of someone else’s words, usually enclosed in quotation marks and credited to the original author or speaker.

To present information from other sources in academic writing , it’s best to paraphrase in most cases. This shows that you’ve understood the ideas you’re discussing and incorporates them into your text smoothly.

It’s appropriate to quote when:

• Changing the phrasing would distort the meaning of the original text
• You want to discuss the author’s language choices (e.g., in literary analysis )
• You’re presenting a precise definition
• You’re looking in depth at a specific claim

Every time you quote a source , you must include a correctly formatted in-text citation . This looks slightly different depending on the citation style .

For example, a direct quote in APA is cited like this: ‘This is a quote’ (Streefkerk, 2020, p. 5).

Every in-text citation should also correspond to a full reference at the end of your paper.

In scientific subjects, the information itself is more important than how it was expressed, so quoting should generally be kept to a minimum. In the arts and humanities, however, well-chosen quotes are often essential to a good paper.

In social sciences, it varies. If your research is mainly quantitative , you won’t include many quotes, but if it’s more qualitative , you may need to quote from the data you collected .

As a general guideline, quotes should take up no more than 5–10% of your paper. If in doubt, check with your instructor or supervisor how much quoting is appropriate in your field.

If you’re quoting from a text that paraphrases or summarises other sources and cites them in parentheses , APA  recommends retaining the citations as part of the quote:

• Smith states that ‘the literature on this topic (Jones, 2015; Sill, 2019; Paulson, 2020) shows no clear consensus’ (Smith, 2019, p. 4).

Footnote or endnote numbers that appear within quoted text should be omitted.

If you want to cite an indirect source (one you’ve only seen quoted in another source), either locate the original source or use the phrase ‘as cited in’ in your citation.

A block quote is a long quote formatted as a separate ‘block’ of text. Instead of using quotation marks , you place the quote on a new line, and indent the entire quote to mark it apart from your own words.

APA uses block quotes for quotes that are 40 words or longer.

Cite this Scribbr article

If you want to cite this source, you can copy and paste the citation or click the ‘Cite this Scribbr article’ button to automatically add the citation to our free Reference Generator.

McCombes, S. & Caulfield, J. (2022, September 03). How to Quote | Citing Quotes in Harvard & APA. Scribbr. Retrieved 2 April 2024, from https://www.scribbr.co.uk/working-sources/quoting/

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How to analyze quotes in essays: A step-by-step guide

Katie October 24, 2022 communication , study skills , writing tips

By Katie Azevedo, M.Ed.

You need to know how to analyze quotes in essays for high school, college, and beyond. Finding and including quotes to support your argument is an important first step, but the real skill is in how you analyze the quotes to thoroughly convince the reader of your essay’s thesis. (Need to write an essay in a week or less? Here’s your roadmap .)

How to analyze quotes in essays at 3 levels

Good quote analysis has three parts. The sequence of each level is important because each level builds off the one before it. Below are the three levels of properly analyzing textual evidence (quotes) you include in your essays:

• Level 1: Explanation
• Level 2: Connection to paragraph claim
• Level 3: Connection to essay thesis and larger ideas/themes

In the following sections, I will explain exactly how to analyze quotes at all three levels. To better illustrate how to do this, I will use a quote from John Knowles’s novel A Separate Peace. If you have not read this book, you’ll still be able to follow along.

Here’s a quote from A Separate Peace that I will refer to throughout this blog post. This is the quote we will analyze at all 3 levels:   “Although they were old stairs, the worn moons in the middle of each step were not very deep. The marble must be unusually hard. That seemed very likely, only too likely, although with all my thought about these stairs this exceptional hardness had not occurred to me. It was surprising that I had overlooked that, that crucial fact” (Knowles, 10).

Context of the quote (to help you better understand, in case you haven’t read the book): Gene Forrester is returning to the campus of his former boarding high school. As he’s touring the campus as an adult, he comes to a large marble staircase and stops to reflect on its appearance. This is the staircase his childhood best friend Phineas fell down, leading to his death. Gene is partly responsible for Phineas’s death.

Quote analysis Level 1: Explanation

At this level, the goal is to ensure the reader fully understands the meaning of the quote and the purpose of the author’s language. Here, we analyze the quote for:

• Word choice
• Literal meaning
• Connotation
• Figurative language

Example quote analysis at Level 1 (explanation):

Analysis: When the author describes the stairs with “worn moons” in the middle, he’s indicating that Gene has repetitively replayed the staircase incident in his memory over the years. In other words, while the stairs are literally worn, the memory of the staircase incident has “worn moons” in his ruminations.

Quote analysis Level 2: Connection to paragraph claim

Every body paragraph in your essay should begin with a claim (topic sentence). This sentence should connect back to the essay’s thesis statement and introduce the idea forthcoming in the paragraph. Once you insert your quotation and analyze it for explanation (level #1), we must connect the quote to your claim. 

To show you what this looks like in real life, I wrote a sample claim statement (topic sentence). I want you to imagine it is the opening line of a body paragraph. Then we will analyze the same staircase quote as before, but this time we will connect it to the claim.

Sample claim statement: Gene’s teenage insecurity and anxiety cloud his judgment, alter his reality and prevent him from forming meaningful connections to the truth.

Example quote analysis at Level 2 (connection to claim):

Analysis: When the author describes the stairs with “worn moons” in the middle, he’s indicating that Gene has repetitively replayed the staircase incident in his memory over the years. In other words, while the stairs are literally worn, the memory of the staircase incident has “worn moons” in his ruminations (analysis from level one). Even while attending the school, Gene’s excessive ruminations and insecurities prevent him from seeing the truth of what’s right in front of him, including the love that Phineus extends to Gene, without reciprocation, throughout the novel (connection to claim).

Quote analysis Level 3: Connection to essay thesis and larger ideas

Level 3 quote analysis drives home the connection between your chosen quote and the whole argument of your essay. In other words, you need to prove to the reader exactly why this quote validates your thesis.

A tip for this type of quote analysis is to think of the following sentence starters:

• This quote* validates the idea that [thesis statement] because _____.
• This quote* is critical to proving [thesis statement] because _____.

* Using “this quote” isn’t the best way to introduce analysis, but you get the idea. What I want you to focus on is filling in the BECAUSE statement: that’s critical.

To show you how to analyze quotes in essays at Level 3, I wrote a sample thesis statement that I want you to imagine is the introduction paragraph of your essay. Then we will analyze the same staircase quote as before, but this time we will connect it to the thesis.

Sample thesis statement: Gene’s teenage insecurity and anxiety are the root causes of his toxic interactions with himself and those closest to him, eventually leading him to choose either acceptance of or rejection of responsibility for his role in the tragedies that surround him.

Example quote analysis at Level 3 (connection to thesis):

Analysis: When the author describes the stairs with “worn moons” in the middle, he’s indicating that Gene has repetitively replayed the staircase incident in his memory over the years. In other words, while the stairs are literally worn, the memory of the staircase incident has “worn moons” in his ruminations (analysis from level one). Even while attending the school, Gene’s excessive ruminations and insecurities prevent him from seeing what’s right in front of him, including the love that Phineus extends to Gene, without reciprocation, throughout the novel (connection to claim). Because Gene’s cognitive capacities are impeded by his anxiety, his ability to create and maintain relationships is null. As a result, his relationship with Phineus is superficial and one-sided, leading him indirectly to contribute to Phineus’s death. Only after Phineus’s death is Gene able to confront the choice to accept or deny responsibility for his role. His genuine reflection at the staircase, years later, reveals that he is finally capable of acknowledging and accepting the truth (connection to thesis).

How Do You Explain The Meaning Of A Quote In An Essay?

To explain the meaning of a quote in an essay, it is important to provide context and analysis within your writing. Start by introducing the quote and its source, making sure to properly cite it according to the required citation style. Then, proceed to explain the meaning of the quote by breaking it down and analyzing its components. This can involve discussing the key words or phrases used, examining the tone or mood conveyed, and exploring any underlying themes or messages. Additionally, you can highlight the significance of the quote within the larger context of your essay’s topic or argument.

Incorporating quotes into your essay can add depth and support to your ideas, but it is crucial to properly integrate them into your writing. Begin by introducing the quote with a signal phrase or an introductory statement that provides the necessary context. After the quote, explain its relevance and how it supports or illustrates your point. Avoid simply dropping quotes without explanation, as this can confuse your readers and weaken the overall impact of your argument. Instead, take the time to carefully analyze the quote and connect it back to your essay’s main ideas.

When explaining the meaning of a quote in an essay, it is important to consider the author’s intent and the larger context in which it was written. Think about the historical or cultural background, the author’s personal experiences or beliefs, and any social or political influences that may have shaped the quote. By examining these factors, you can gain a deeper understanding of the quote’s meaning and its significance within the broader literary or academic landscape. This analysis will help you convey a more nuanced interpretation in your essay and demonstrate your critical thinking skills.

In conclusion, explaining the meaning of a quote in an essay requires careful analysis and contextualization. By introducing the quote, providing analysis and explanation, and considering the author’s intent and larger context, you can effectively convey the quote’s meaning to your readers. Remember to properly integrate the quote into your writing, and to connect it back to your essay’s main ideas. By doing so, you will enhance the clarity and impact of your essay, showcasing your ability to engage with and interpret the quotes you include.

How Do You Start A Quote Explanation?

To start a quote explanation, you can follow these steps:

1. Begin by introducing the quote: Start with a concise sentence or phrase that provides context for the quote. This helps set the stage for your explanation and allows readers to understand the relevance of the quote to the topic you are discussing.

2. Present the quote: Use quotation marks to indicate that you are directly quoting someone. Make sure to include the exact wording of the quote, including any punctuation, capitalization, or spelling errors that may be present in the original source.

3. Provide an explanation: After presenting the quote, it’s important to explain its significance and how it relates to your topic. Analyze the quote, break it down, and discuss its meaning and implications. Consider the context in which it was said or written, as well as the intentions and perspectives of the person being quoted.

Here is an example of how you can structure a quote explanation using HTML paragraph tags:

Starting a quote explanation involves introducing the quote, presenting it, and providing an explanation.

The introduction sets the context and relevance of the quote, while the presentation includes the exact wording of the quote using quotation marks.

The explanation delves into the meaning and significance of the quote, analyzing its implications and considering the context in which it was said.

Remember, when writing a quote explanation, it is essential to use clear and concise language in English to ensure that your readers can easily understand and follow your analysis.

How Do You Reference A Quote In An Essay?

To reference a quote in an essay, there are specific guidelines that you should follow. The proper way to reference a quote depends on the citation style you are using, such as MLA, APA, or Chicago. In general, you should include the author’s last name, the publication year, and the page number where the quote can be found. By providing these details, you give credit to the original source and allow readers to locate the quote if they wish to verify it.

For example, if you are using the MLA citation style, you would include the author’s last name and the page number in parentheses after the quote. If the author’s name is mentioned in the text, you only need to include the page number in parentheses. In APA style, the author’s last name, publication year, and page number are included in parentheses after the quote. In Chicago style, you would use footnotes or endnotes to provide the full citation information for the quote.

It is important to note that different citation styles have different rules for citing quotes, so it is essential to consult the specific guidelines for the style you are using. Additionally, remember to use quotation marks to indicate that the text is a direct quote and not your own words. Properly referencing quotes not only demonstrates academic integrity but also allows readers to engage with your sources and evaluate the evidence you present in your essay.

In conclusion, referencing a quote in an essay requires following the guidelines of the citation style you are using. This typically involves including the author’s last name, publication year, and page number where the quote can be found. By providing accurate and complete citation information, you give credit to the original source and enable readers to locate the quote for further reference. Make sure to consult the specific rules of the citation style and use quotation marks to distinguish quoted text from your own.

How To Explain A Quote In An Essay Sample

When writing an essay, it is common to include quotes from various sources to support your arguments or provide evidence for your claims. However, it is important to properly explain these quotes to ensure that they are effectively integrated into your essay and enhance your overall argument.

To explain a quote in an essay, follow these steps:

1. Introduce the quote: Begin by providing context for the quote. Explain who said it, where it is from, and why it is relevant to your essay topic.

2. Provide a brief summary: Summarize the main idea or message of the quote in your own words. This shows that you understand the quote and its implications.

3. Analyze the quote: Dive deeper into the quote by analyzing its meaning, significance, and how it relates to your essay topic. Consider the underlying themes, the author’s intention, and any literary devices used.

4. Connect to your argument: Clearly explain how the quote supports or strengthens your own argument. Make explicit connections between the quote and the points you are making in your essay.

5. Conclude the explanation: Wrap up your explanation by summarizing the main points and reiterating the importance of the quote in supporting your argument.

Remember to always use proper citation and formatting when including quotes in your essay, following the guidelines provided by your instructor or the citation style required (e.g., MLA, APA).

In conclusion, effectively explaining a quote in an essay involves introducing the quote, providing a summary, analyzing its meaning, connecting it to your argument, and concluding the explanation. By following these steps, you can ensure that your quotes are properly integrated and enhance the overall quality of your essay.

How To Explain A Quote In An Essay Introduction

When writing an essay, it is often necessary to include quotes to support your arguments or provide evidence for your claims. However, it is equally important to explain these quotes effectively to ensure that your readers understand their relevance and significance in the context of your essay. Explaining a quote in an essay introduction requires careful analysis and interpretation. Here are some guidelines to help you effectively explain a quote in your essay introduction:

1. Understand the quote: Before explaining a quote, make sure you fully understand its meaning and how it relates to your essay topic. Read the quote multiple times and consider its context and the author’s intention.

2. Provide background information: In your essay introduction, provide some background information about the quote. This can include details about the author, the work it is taken from, or the historical or cultural context in which it was written. This will help your readers better understand the quote’s significance.

3. Interpret the quote: After providing the necessary background information, interpret the quote in relation to your essay topic. Explain how the quote supports your argument or sheds light on the issue you are discussing. Analyze the quote’s key ideas, themes, or literary techniques to demonstrate its relevance.

By following these steps, you can effectively explain a quote in your essay introduction and ensure that your readers understand its significance in the context of your essay. Remember to provide clear and concise explanations while maintaining a smooth flow in your writing.

How To Explain A Quote In An Essay Example

When writing an essay, it is important to properly explain any quotes you use to support your arguments or illustrate your points. Explaining a quote requires analyzing its meaning, providing context, and connecting it to your thesis or main idea. Here is a step-by-step guide on how to explain a quote in an essay:

1. Read and understand the quote: Begin by carefully reading the quote and ensuring you fully comprehend its meaning. Break down any complex or unfamiliar terms or phrases.

2. Provide context: Before explaining the quote, it is essential to provide context. This could involve discussing the author, the source of the quote, or the historical and cultural background that influenced the quote.

3. Analyze the quote: Next, analyze the quote to uncover its deeper significance. Consider the main ideas, themes, or messages conveyed by the quote. Think about how it relates to your thesis or argument.

4. Explain the quote’s relevance: Once you have analyzed the quote, explain its relevance to your essay topic or argument. Clearly demonstrate how the quote supports or strengthens your point of view.

5. Connect the quote to your thesis: Finally, connect the quote back to your thesis statement or main idea. Explain how the quote reinforces or challenges your thesis, and how it contributes to the overall coherence and persuasiveness of your essay.

In conclusion, effectively explaining a quote in an essay requires careful analysis, providing context, and making clear connections to your thesis. By following these steps, you can ensure that your quotes are properly integrated and explained within your essay, enhancing the clarity and persuasiveness of your arguments.

What To Say After A Quote In An Essay

When writing an essay, it is important to effectively explain the quotes you include to support your argument. A well-explained quote can provide evidence and strengthen your point of view. Here are some tips on how to explain a quote in an essay.

First, introduce the quote by providing context. This could include the name of the author, the source of the quote, and any relevant background information. For example, “In his book ‘The Great Gatsby,’ F. Scott Fitzgerald writes…”

Secondly, explain the significance of the quote. Discuss how it relates to your thesis statement or the main argument of your essay. Analyze the quote and explain its meaning in your own words. This will demonstrate your understanding of the quote and show how it supports your argument.

Finally, connect the quote to the broader context of your essay. Discuss how the quote relates to other ideas or evidence you have presented. This will help your reader see the bigger picture and understand the relevance of the quote in the overall argument.

To properly format the quote in your essay, follow the guidelines of the citation style you are using, such as APA or MLA. Include the author’s name, the title of the source, the page number, and any other required information. Use quotation marks to indicate the beginning and end of the quote.

Overall, effectively explaining a quote in an essay involves providing context, analyzing its significance, and connecting it to the broader context of your argument. By following these steps, you can ensure that your quotes are integrated smoothly into your essay and support your main points.

How To Explain A Quote Example

When writing an essay, it is common to include quotes from various sources to support your arguments or provide evidence. However, it is important to properly explain the quotes you use to ensure that your readers understand their relevance and significance. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to explain a quote in an essay:

1. Introduce the quote: Begin by providing some context about the quote. Who said it? In what context? Why is it important? This will help your readers understand the relevance of the quote in relation to your essay topic.

2. Provide a brief summary: After introducing the quote, summarize its main points or ideas. This will help your readers grasp the key message of the quote without having to read the entire passage.

3. Analyze the quote: Now, it’s time to analyze the quote in relation to your essay topic. Explain how the quote supports your argument or contributes to your overall thesis. What does it reveal about the topic? Are there any underlying meanings or implications?

4. Connect the quote to your own ideas: After analyzing the quote, clearly explain how it relates to your own thoughts and opinions. Does it confirm or challenge your argument? How does it fit into the larger context of your essay?

Remember to use proper citation and attribution when including quotes in your essay. This involves providing the author’s name, the source of the quote, and the page number (if applicable). By properly explaining quotes in your essay, you can effectively incorporate external sources and strengthen your arguments.

How To Put A Famous Quote In An Essay

When writing an essay, it is often necessary to include quotes from famous authors, scholars, or public figures to support your arguments or provide evidence for your claims. However, simply including a quote in your essay is not enough; you also need to explain its significance and relevance to your topic. Here are some tips on how to effectively explain a quote in an essay.

First, it is important to provide context for the quote. This means introducing the author and their work, as well as the specific situation or context in which the quote was made. This will help your reader understand the background and significance of the quote.

Second, analyze the quote itself. Break it down into smaller parts and examine its meaning and implications. Consider the language used, the tone, and any literary devices employed. Discuss how the quote supports or challenges your thesis or argument, and explain its relevance to your overall essay topic.

Finally, connect the quote back to your main argument or thesis statement. Explain how the quote strengthens your position or provides a counterpoint to alternative viewpoints. Use the quote as a starting point for further discussion or analysis, and show its impact on your overall essay.

To put a famous quote in your essay, follow these steps:

1. Introduce the quote by providing the author’s name and the source of the quote. 2. Use quotation marks to indicate that you are directly quoting someone. 3. Include the quote within your paragraph, making sure it flows smoothly with the surrounding sentences. 4. After the quote, explain its significance and relevance to your essay topic. 5. Analyze the quote by breaking it down and discussing its meaning and implications. 6. Connect the quote back to your main argument or thesis statement to reinforce your position.

By following these guidelines, you can effectively explain a quote in your essay and demonstrate your understanding of its relevance and significance. Remember to always provide proper citations and give credit to the original author.

How To Quote In An Essay Mla

When writing an essay, it is often necessary to include quotes from outside sources to support your arguments or provide evidence. However, simply inserting a quote without proper explanation can leave the reader confused. Therefore, it is important to know how to effectively explain a quote in your essay.

To explain a quote in an essay, you need to provide context and analysis. Start by introducing the quote and the author, giving some background information about them or the text they are from. This helps the reader understand the source of the quote and its relevance. Next, explain the meaning of the quote in your own words, making sure to highlight the key points or main idea it conveys. Finally, connect the quote to your own argument or thesis, explaining how it supports or relates to your point.

How to Quote in an Essay (MLA style):

– Start by introducing the quote with a signal phrase or an introductory sentence. – Enclose the quote in quotation marks. – Provide the author’s name and page number in parentheses after the quote. – Include a works cited page at the end of your essay, listing the full bibliographic information for each source you quoted.

In conclusion, effectively explaining a quote in your essay is crucial for providing clarity and supporting your arguments. By providing context, analyzing the meaning, and connecting it to your own argument, you can ensure that the quote enhances your essay’s overall coherence and persuasiveness.

Quote Analysis Generator

When writing an essay, it is important to effectively explain and analyze any quotes you include. Properly explaining a quote allows the reader to understand its relevance to your argument and the overall message you are trying to convey. Here are some tips on how to explain a quote in an essay:

1. Understand the quote: Before attempting to explain a quote, it is crucial to fully comprehend its meaning. Read the quote multiple times and consider its context within the text or source it is taken from. Identify the key ideas or themes addressed in the quote.

2. Provide context: When introducing a quote, provide some background information to set the stage for your analysis. This could include information about the author, the time period in which the quote was written, or the larger work from which the quote is taken. Contextualizing the quote helps the reader understand its significance.

3. Analyze the quote: After providing context, delve into a detailed analysis of the quote. Break down the key elements of the quote, such as the language used, the rhetorical devices employed, or the underlying themes. Explain how these elements contribute to the overall meaning of the quote and support your argument.

4. Connect to your thesis: The analysis of the quote should directly relate to your thesis statement or main argument. Make connections between the quote and the ideas you have presented throughout your essay. Explain how the quote supports or challenges your thesis, and why it is important in the context of your essay.

By following these steps, you can effectively explain a quote in your essay and ensure that your analysis is clear and relevant to your overall argument.

• Understand the quote: Before attempting to explain a quote, it is crucial to fully comprehend its meaning. Read the quote multiple times and consider its context within the text or source it is taken from. Identify the key ideas or themes addressed in the quote.
• Provide context: When introducing a quote, provide some background information to set the stage for your analysis. This could include information about the author, the time period in which the quote was written, or the larger work from which the quote is taken. Contextualizing the quote helps the reader understand its significance.
• Analyze the quote: After providing context, delve into a detailed analysis of the quote. Break down the key elements of the quote, such as the language used, the rhetorical devices employed, or the underlying themes. Explain how these elements contribute to the overall meaning of the quote and support your argument.
• Connect to your thesis: The analysis of the quote should directly relate to your thesis statement or main argument. Make connections between the quote and the ideas you have presented throughout your essay. Explain how the quote supports or challenges your thesis, and why it is important in the context of your essay.

In conclusion, mastering the art of explaining quotes in an essay is a crucial skill for any writer. By following the steps outlined in this guide and understanding the purpose behind quote integration, writers can effectively incorporate quotes to support their arguments and enhance the overall clarity and credibility of their essays.

Remember, explaining a quote involves more than just inserting it into your text. It requires careful analysis, interpretation, and thoughtful connections to the broader context of your essay. By providing relevant background information, unpacking the meaning of the quote, and demonstrating its relevance to your thesis, you can effectively engage your readers and showcase your critical thinking skills.

Incorporating quotes seamlessly into your writing not only demonstrates your understanding of the source material but also enhances the overall quality of your essay. So, don’t be afraid to dive into the world of quote explanation and make your essays more persuasive, insightful, and engaging. With practice and dedication, you’ll soon master the art of explaining quotes in your writing. Happy writing!

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How to Use Direct Quotations Correctly in Your Essays

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What is a direct quotation.

A direct quotation is when you quote an academic source or reference word for word in your essay, using quotation marks and a reference (an in-text reference or footnote) to indicate that the words belong to another author and where you found them.

When Should I Use Them?

It is preferable to write essays in your own words. The vast majority of a Distinction or High Distinction essay would be written entirely in your own words, with many references to the sources you have used.

You should only quote directly from a source when it is absolutely necessary to do so; for example, if you needed to point out a particular author’s opinion, or if something an author was saying was particularly controversial.

Otherwise, it is preferable for you to demonstrate that you have read, understood and assimilated the source into your own knowledge of the subject. The best way to do that is to present the ideas in your own words with a reference.

So remember, it is important that you only use direct quotations where necessary . Using excessive direct quotations, or quotations that are too long, can lead the marker (or reader) to believe that you are using quotations to avoid having to explain difficult concepts in your own words.

Introducing Direct Quotations

When you do use direct quotations, it is very important that you introduce them correctly. This means they must be incorporated into a sentence of your own).

This is an incorrect way to use a quotation:

A numerate person can understand how mathematics is used as a method of communication (Cockcroft, 1982). ‘Mathematics is a universal language that is communicated through all cultures’ (SACE Board, 2010).

This is the correct way. You can see that the quotation has been integrated into the student’s own sentence and introduced properly:

A numerate person can understand how mathematics is used as a method of communication (Cockcroft, 1982). The SACE Board (2010) states that ‘mathematics is a universal language that is communicated through all cultures’.

Using direct quotations correctly and sparingly will help you to improve your research skills and strengthen your essays.

If you need any further assistance, you can read more about our professional editing service . Capstone Editing is always here to help.

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Integrating Quotations in MLA Style

Integrating Quotations (MLA)

A reader may be able to make sense of a quotation dropped into a piece of writing, but introducing or integrating quotations into the flow of your sentence is the way to use them most effectively—to be sure that your reader knows what you mean. You have three options: 

• Introduce the quotation with a statement that puts it in context. A colon follows a formal statement or independent clause.
• Lynn Quitman Troyka warns us of the particular challenges of using quotations in research papers: “The greatest risk you take when you use quotations is that you will end up with choppy, incoherent sentences” (184). 
• Use a signal phrase followed by a comma or a signal verb followed by that to announce a quotation.
• According to Lynn Quitman Troyka, “. . ..”
• The narrator suggests that “. . ..”
• As Jake Barnes says, “. . . . . ..”
• Frye rejects this notion when he argues, “. . ..”
• Integrate the quotation fully into your sentence. The quotation and your words must add up to a complete sentence.
• We know the boy has learned a painful lesson when he says that his eyes “burned with anguish and anger” (Joyce 481). 
• Leaders are inspirational; they are concerned with “providing meaning or purpose in work for employees and creating meaning in the product for customers” (Ivancevich, Lorenzi, and Skinner 341).  
• Researchers found that firms with a strong corporate culture “based on a foundation of shared values” outperformed the other firms by a large margin (Quigley 42).

Quotations within Quotations:

Use single quotation marks to enclose a quotation within a quotation.

• Miller states, “Religions are examples of ‘noble lies’ aimed at uplifting human stature” (18).

Adding Material within Quotations:

Use square brackets to enclose material that you add to or change within a quotation to allow it to fit grammatically into a sentence. 

• Balko (2015) argues, “If they [policymakers] want to fight obesity, they’ll halt the creeping 

socialization of medicine” (p. 142).

• “Today, the [saturated fat] warnings remain a cornerstone of the government’s dietary guidelines,” O’Connor (2016) states, “though in recent years the American Heart Association has also begun to warn that too much added sugar may increase cardiovascular disease risk” (p.92). 

Block Quotations:

Indent longer quotations (more than four lines) ten spaces from the margin. Notice that quotation marks are not used to enclose material that is set off from the text and that the parenthetical reference is placed after the punctuation following the quotation. 

A socially responsible vision can make an organization more attractive to customers, potential employees, and investors.  As consultant Robert Rosen puts it,  

The best companies are values-based and performance-driven.  Their community involvement supports the mission of the business.  Modern employees want to work for companies who make a difference, their customers want to do business with them because they have solid reputations as good corporate citizens, and shareholders enjoy the value such companies represent over the long term. (9)

Shortening Quotations:

Use an ellipsis of three dots to shorten longer quotations by removing non-essential words and ideas from the middle of the quote.  The quotation must fit grammatically into the sentence even with the ellipsis.   It must also retain enough of the quotation so that it still makes sense in your essay and you do not distort its meaning.   You do not need to provide ellipses at the beginning or the end of the quoted material. 

Foer states, “My grandmother survived World War II barefoot, scavenging Eastern Europe for other people’s inedibles . . . So she never cared if I colored outside the lines, as long as I cut coupons along the dashes” (159). 

Complete quote: “My grandmother survived World War II barefoot, scavenging Eastern Europe for other people’s inedibles: rotting potatoes, discarded scraps of meat, skins and the bits that clung to bones and pits. So she never cared if I colored outside the lines, as long as I cut coupons along the dashes.” 

Quick tip about citing sources in MLA style

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How to Quote Definitions in an Essay: Expert Tips for Proper Use and Clarity

Quoting definitions in an essay may seem like a simple task, but it requires proper use and clarity to effectively convey the intended meaning. Definitions play a crucial role in providing context and supporting arguments, making it vital for writers to understand how to quote them accurately. This article aims to provide expert tips on the proper use of definitions in essays, ensuring that readers grasp the intended concepts without any confusion.

When incorporating definitions into an essay, writers must strike a balance between providing enough clarity and avoiding excessive reliance on these quotes. By understanding the significance of definitions and mastering their proper incorporation, essayists can elevate the overall quality and credibility of their writing. This article explores techniques, tips, and best practices for effectively quoting definitions in essays, guiding writers to enhance their work’s clarity and persuasiveness. With these expert insights, readers can equip themselves with the knowledge necessary to quote definitions accurately and proficiently in their own essays.

Table of Contents

Understanding Definitions

Definition as a central element in academic writing.

In academic writing, definitions play a crucial role in establishing clarity and coherence. A definition provides a clear explanation of a term or concept, ensuring that readers understand the precise meaning intended by the author. Without a solid understanding of key terms, the essay may lose its purpose and fail to convey the intended message. Therefore, it is essential for essay writers to have a strong grasp of definitions and how to incorporate them effectively.

Different types of definitions (lexical, contextual, etc.)

When using definitions in an essay, writers may encounter various types of definitions that serve different purposes. One common type is the lexical definition, which provides the dictionary meaning of a word or phrase. Lexical definitions can be useful for establishing a basic understanding of a term, especially when dealing with complex or technical vocabulary.

Contextual definitions, on the other hand, go beyond the dictionary meaning and consider the specific context in which a term is used. These definitions may take into account cultural, historical, or disciplinary factors that influence the understanding of a concept. Contextual definitions allow writers to provide a more nuanced explanation, helping readers grasp the intended meaning within the context of the essay.

Furthermore, operational definitions are often used when discussing scientific or technical subjects. These definitions clarify how a term is measured or observed, providing a precise and standardized interpretation. Operational definitions are particularly important when conducting research or discussing empirical data.

Overall, understanding the different types of definitions allows essay writers to choose the most appropriate approach for their specific topic and argument. By selecting the right type of definition, writers can ensure that their readers comprehend and engage with the ideas being presented.

Evaluating the Source

Importance of using reliable sources for definition quotes.

When including a definition quote in an essay, it is crucial to use reliable sources. Utilizing credible sources not only enhances the credibility of the essay but also ensures the accuracy of the definitions being quoted. A reliable source is one that comes from a reputable publication, such as academic journals, authoritative websites, or books that have been peer-reviewed. By using trustworthy sources, writers can avoid the risk of including inaccurate or misleading definitions in their essays.

Ways to determine the credibility of a source

To evaluate the credibility of a source, there are several factors that writers must consider. Firstly, they should check the credentials of the author or organization responsible for the source. Is the author an expert in the field? Does the organization have a recognized expertise? Additionally, writers should assess the publication itself. Is it a scholarly journal or a well-known reputable website? Is the information within the source well-supported with evidence and references? These questions help writers determine whether the source is trustworthy and can be relied upon for accurate definitions.

In addition to examining the author and publication, it is important to consider the date of publication. Depending on the topic, outdated definitions may not be relevant or may not reflect the current understanding of the concept. Therefore, writers should prioritize recent sources, particularly when dealing with rapidly evolving fields or subjects.

Moreover, peer-reviewed sources hold higher credibility as they have undergone a rigorous evaluation process by experts in the field. Peer review ensures that the information presented in the source is accurate and reliable. When possible, writers should prioritize using sources that have undergone this level of scrutiny.

Lastly, writers should be cautious when using online sources and must critically assess their reliability. Fact-checking information and cross-referencing with other reputable sources can help ensure the accuracy of the definitions being quoted.

By evaluating the source and utilizing reliable information, writers can enhance the credibility of their essays and provide accurate definitions that contribute to the clarity and coherence of their arguments.

IParaphrasing vs. Direct Quoting

Differentiating between paraphrasing and direct quoting.

When incorporating definitions into an essay, writers have the option to eTher paraphrase or directly quote the definition. Understanding the differences between these two methods is essential for maintaining clarity and properly using definition quotes.

Paraphrasing involves rephrasing the definition using your own words while still conveying the original meaning. This method allows you to seamlessly integrate the definition into your essay’s text and demonstrate your understanding of the concept. Paraphrasing is often preferred when the original definition is lengthy or complex, as it allows you to break down the information into more accessible language.

Direct quoting, on the other hand, involves reproducing the exact words of the definition. This method is useful when the wording of the definition is crucial to the argument or when the original source’s language adds credibility to your own writing. Direct quotes should be used sparingly and strategically, reserved for moments when the specific wording of the definition is essential.

When to use each method in an essay

The decision of whether to paraphrase or directly quote a definition depends on the context and purpose of your essay. Paraphrasing is generally preferred when the definition is common knowledge or widely accepted. In these cases, it is essential to demonstrate your understanding of the concept rather than rely on the authority of the source.

However, when presenting a less-known or controversial definition, direct quoting may be more appropriate. By reproducing the exact words of an expert or reputable source, you lend credibility to your argument and provide evidence of differing viewpoints. Direct quotes can also be useful for highlighting specific wording that supports or challenges your thesis statement.

While both paraphrasing and direct quoting have their merits, it is important to strike a balance between the two. Over-reliance on direct quotes can make an essay appear unoriginal or lacking critical thinking, while excessive paraphrasing may obscure the clarity and precision of the original definition. Consider the significance and impact of the definition in your essay to determine which method to use.

In the next section, we will explore the proper formatting of definition quotes to ensure they are presented accurately and effectively within the essay’s text.

Formatting Definition Quotes

Proper punctuation and capitalization of definition quotes.

When incorporating definition quotes into an essay, it is crucial to follow the proper rules of punctuation and capitalization. The way you format the definition quotes can greatly impact the clarity and professionalism of your writing.

Firstly, it is important to use quotation marks when presenting a definition quote. This helps to distinguish the quoted words from your own writing and indicates that you are presenting a specific term or concept defined by another source. For example, in an essay discussing the concept of “justice,” you may include a definition quote like this: According to Smith’s dictionary, “justice is the fair and impartial treatment of individuals in society.”

Additionally, it is essential to accurately capitalize the definition quote to maintain consistency and adhere to standard writing conventions. In most cases, you should retain the original capitalization used in the source from which you are quoting. However, if necessary, you may alter the capitalization for grammatical reasons or to fit the structure of your sentence. For instance, if you are quoting a definition that begins with a lowercase letter, but your sentence begins with the definition, you may capitalize the first letter of the quote to maintain sentence structure.

Integrating quotes smoothly into the essay’s text

To ensure a seamless integration of definition quotes into your essay, it is essential to provide a smooth transition between your own text and the quoted material. One effective way to achieve this is by using signal phrases to introduce the definition quotes. Signal phrases serve as a clear indication to the reader that you are incorporating a definition quote and help maintain the flow of your writing. For example, you might use phrases such as “According to,” “In the words of,” or “As defined by” before presenting the definition quote.

Furthermore, it is crucial to link the quote back to the main idea or argument of your essay. By providing a brief explanation or context before or after the quote, you can establish its relevance and demonstrate how it supports your thesis. This linking helps to develop a logical and coherent flow within your essay and avoids the inclusion of isolated quotes that lack purpose and clarity.

In conclusion, formatting definition quotes properly involves adhering to punctuation and capitalization rules, as well as seamlessly integrating the quotes into your essay’s text. By following these guidelines, you can ensure that your definition quotes contribute to the clarity and overall effectiveness of your essay.

Indicating Definitions in the Text

Providing a clear signal phrase to introduce a definition quote.

In academic writing, it is crucial to provide a clear signal phrase in order to introduce a definition quote properly. This signal phrase is essential for indicating to the reader that a definition is about to be presented. It helps to create a smooth transition between the essay’s main text and the quote, ensuring clarity and understanding for the reader.

When introducing a definition quote, it is important to use words that clearly indicate that a definition is being provided. Examples of effective signal phrases for definition quotes include “According to”, “As defined by”, or “In the words of”. These phrases help to explicitly state that the following text is a definition.

Additionally, it is recommended to attribute the source of the definition within the signal phrase. This helps to establish the credibility of the source and gives proper credit to the original author or authority. For example, one could say “According to the Oxford English Dictionary, [quote definition here].”

Linking the quote to the main idea of the essay

When indicating definitions in the text, it is important to link the quote to the main idea or argument of the essay. This helps to maintain cohesiveness and relevance throughout the essay and ensures that the definition is not presented as an isolated piece of information.

To link the quote to the main idea, it is essential to provide context and explain how the definition supports or relates to the argument being made. This can be done by briefly summarizing the main idea before introducing the definition quote or by clearly stating the purpose of including the definition in relation to the essay’s thesis.

By linking the quote to the main idea, the writer can effectively present the definition as part of their argument and show its significance in supporting their claims.

In conclusion, indicating definitions in the text requires providing a clear signal phrase to introduce the quote and linking the definition to the main idea of the essay. These practices ensure that the quote is seamlessly integrated into the essay and contributes to the overall clarity and cohesiveness of the argument. By following these guidelines, writers can effectively use definition quotes in their essays to enhance their arguments and provide clarity to their readers.

Citation Styles for Definition Quotes

Understanding the preferred citation style for the essay (apa, mla, etc.).

When it comes to quoting definitions in an essay, it is crucial to understand and adhere to the preferred citation style of the essay. Different academic disciplines and institutions may have specific guidelines for citation styles, such as APA (American Psychological Association), MLA (Modern Language Association), Chicago, or Harvard. Familiarizing yourself with the required citation style is essential for proper attribution and avoiding plagiarism.

Each citation style has its own set of rules for formatting and documenting sources, including definition quotes. The preferred citation style should be determined by consulting the professor’s instructions or referencing the appropriate style guide. It is important to note that citation styles may vary in terms of in-text citations, reference lists, titles, punctuations, and the placement of quotation marks and parentheses.

Properly citing definition quotes according to the chosen style

Regardless of the citation style, there are general guidelines to follow when citing definition quotes in an essay:

1. Include the author or the title of the source: In some citation styles, the author’s name is mentioned before or after the definition quote. If no author is available, the title of the source or the organization responsible for it should be used.

2. Provide the year or date: Citing the year of publication is generally required in most citation styles. If the date is not available, use “n.d.” to indicate no date.

3. Use quotation marks: Enclose the definition quote within double quotation marks to indicate that it is a direct quote.

4. Include page numbers (if applicable): If the definition quote is taken from a specific page or range of pages, include the page number(s) in the citation.

5. Include an in-text citation: Depending on the chosen citation style, the in-text citation may be placed within parentheses after the quote or integrated into the sentence, with the author’s name and date, to acknowledge the source of the quote.

For example, in APA style, a definition quote from an online source would be cited as follows: (Author, Year, p. X). In MLA style, the citation may be formatted as: (Author X).

By following the appropriate citation style guidelines and properly documenting your definition quotes, you ensure academic integrity and provide readers with the necessary information to locate and verify your sources.

Overall, understanding and using the preferred citation style for definition quotes is essential for maintaining proper academic standards and avoiding plagiarism. Adhering to the citation style guidelines will enhance the clarity and credibility of the essay as a whole.

Maintaining Clarity in Definition Quotes

Avoiding ambiguity and vague language in definition quotes.

When incorporating definition quotes into an essay, it is crucial to ensure that the language used is clear and unambiguous. Ambiguity or vagueness can lead to confusion and misinterpretation of the intended meaning. To maintain clarity in definition quotes, consider the following tips:

1. Choose precise definitions: Select definitions that provide a concise and precise explanation of the term or concept you are discussing. Avoid using definitions that are overly broad or lack specificity, as they can lead to confusion.

2. Use reputable sources: Rely on reputable sources to obtain accurate and reliable definitions. Credible dictionaries, academic journals, and scholarly books are excellent sources for obtaining clear and well-defined explanations.

3. Verify the definition’s applicability: Ensure that the definition you are quoting accurately applies to the specific context of your essay. Sometimes, a definition may vary depending on the field of study or the particular angle you are exploring. Clarify any uncertainties or inconsistencies to align the definition with your argument.

Clarifying the meaning of the quoted definition within the essay’s context

When using a definition quote, it is essential to provide clarity by explaining its significance within the essay’s overall context. To achieve this, consider the following guidelines:

1. Provide a context: Before introducing the definition quote, establish the relevance and importance of the term being defined. Briefly explain why the definition is necessary to support your thesis or argument.

2. Interpret the definition: After quoting the definition, analyze and interpret it in relation to your essay’s thesis or argument. Discuss how the definition supports or challenges your ideas, providing insights and observations.

3. Offer examples or explanations: Include examples or explanations that illustrate how the definition applies in real-life situations or within the specific subject area you are discussing. This will help readers understand the practical implications of the quoted definition.

4. Connect to the main idea: Clearly link the quoted definition to the main idea or topic sentence of the paragraph in which it appears. This connection will reinforce the relevance of the definition and ensure that it contributes to the overall coherence of the essay.

By avoiding ambiguous language and providing clarity within the context of the essay, definition quotes can enhance the reader’s understanding of key terms and concepts. Remember to choose precise definitions and explain their significance, offering examples or explanations wherever necessary. Balancing clarity and conciseness will ensure that your definition quotes effectively reinforce your arguments while maintaining the coherence and flow of your essay.

Length of Definition Quotes

Determining the appropriate length of definition quotes based on their significance.

When incorporating definition quotes into an essay, it is crucial to consider the appropriate length for each quote. The length of a definition quote should be determined by its significance in supporting the essay’s main ideas or arguments.

Definition quotes that are essential to the overall understanding of the topic should be given more space and allowed to occupy a few sentences or even a whole paragraph. These longer quotes can provide a thorough explanation of complex terms or ideas and help the reader grasp the concept more effectively.

On the other hand, definition quotes that are less significant or serve a supporting role can be shorter and more succinct. These quotes should be used sparingly and only when necessary to reinforce a point or provide additional context. In such cases, a single sentence or a phrase may suffice.

Balancing between brief and lengthy quotes for clarity

Maintaining a balance between brief and lengthy definition quotes is crucial for clarity in an essay. While longer quotes can provide a comprehensive understanding of a term, they should not overwhelm the main body of the essay. The aim is to maintain a cohesive flow of ideas and avoid disrupting the overall structure.

To ensure clarity, it is advisable to use shorter quotes for commonly understood terms or those that do not require extensive explanation. This allows the writer to focus on more in-depth analysis and interpretation of the quote, rather than repeating information that is already understood.

Alternatively, lengthier quotes may be appropriate when introducing complex or technical terms that require detailed explanation or when presenting contrasting definitions to highlight a specific argument. However, it is essential to provide adequate analysis and commentary on these longer quotes to ensure their significance is fully justified within the context of the essay.

In summary, selecting the appropriate length of definition quotes should be based on the significance of the term or concept being defined. Striking a balance between brief and lengthy quotes helps maintain clarity and cohesion throughout the essay. By carefully considering the importance of each definition quote and its role within the essay’s overall structure, writers can effectively convey their arguments while providing clarity and understanding to their readers.

Altering Definition Quotes

Guidelines for altering definition quotes without distorting their meaning.

When incorporating definition quotes into an essay, there may be instances where it is necessary to alter the quote slightly. However, it is crucial to make these changes carefully so as not to distort the original meaning of the quote. Here are some guidelines to follow when altering definition quotes:

1. Maintain the Original Meaning: The primary goal when altering a definition quote is to preserve the original meaning as much as possible. Any changes made should be minimal and should not significantly change the author’s intended message.

2. Use Ellipses: If you need to omit certain parts of the definition quote that are not relevant to your essay or argument, use ellipses (…) to indicate the omission. Ensure that the omitted text does not alter the original meaning and that the remaining portion still makes sense in the context of your essay.

3. Add Clarification with Brackets: Sometimes, adding additional information or context can enhance the clarity of the definition. In such cases, use brackets [ ] to include the inserted words or phrases. This helps readers understand the altered quote within the broader context of your essay.

4. Maintain Proper Grammar: When altering a definition quote, ensure that the modified text adheres to the rules of grammar and punctuation. If necessary, make minor adjustments to maintain grammatical correctness while still preserving the original meaning.

5. Avoid Misrepresentation: It is crucial to avoid altering a definition quote in a way that misrepresents the author’s intended message or distorts the original meaning. Maintaining academic integrity and accurately representing the source’s ideas should always be a priority.

6. Provide an Explanation: After altering a definition quote, it is essential to provide an explanation or interpretation of why you made the changes. This helps readers understand your reasoning and ensures transparency in your use of the altered quote.

Using these guidelines, you can alter definition quotes effectively while maintaining clarity and accuracy within your essay.

Using ellipses and brackets to make changes when necessary

Ellipses (…) and brackets [ ] are valuable tools when altering definition quotes. Ellipses are used to indicate omissions within a quote, and brackets are used to insert additional information or clarification. Here’s how to use them effectively:

1. Ellipses: Use ellipses when you need to remove portions of a definition quote that are not relevant to your essay. Ensure that the omitted text does not alter the original meaning or context. Place three spaced periods (…) between the remaining words to indicate the omission. For example, “According to Smith, ‘a friend is…someone who is always there for you.'”

2. Brackets: Brackets are used when you need to add or alter specific words in a definition quote to provide further clarity or context. This is especially useful if the original definition is too generalized or vague. Place the added or modified text within brackets [ ] to differentiate it from the original quote. For example, “Smith’s definition of friendship is ‘a [true] friend is always there for you.'”

By understanding how to use ellipses and brackets appropriately, you can modify definition quotes effectively and ensure that they align with the context and purpose of your essay.

RecommendedAnalyzing Definition Quotes

Analyzing definition quotes, providing analysis and interpretation of definition quotes in the essay.

Analyzing definition quotes is a crucial aspect of using them effectively in an essay. Merely presenting a definition quote without further examination can make it seem like a random inclusion, lacking relevance to the essay’s main argument or thesis. To avoid this, it is important to analyze and interpret definition quotes, connecting them to the broader context of the essay.

When analyzing a definition quote, it is essential to consider its significance in relation to the essay’s topic. Ask yourself how the quote supports or challenges the arguments being made. Is it reinforcing a point or introducing a contrasting perspective? Analyzing the definition quote will help demonstrate its relevance and show the reader how it contributes to the overall argumentation.

Furthermore, it is important to consider the source of the definition quote. Is it from a well-known and respected expert in the field, or is it from an obscure and unreliable source? This evaluation of the source’s credibility will impact the strength of the analysis. A definition quote from a reputable source lends more weight to the essay’s argument, while a quote from an unreliable source may undermine its credibility.

Relating definition quotes to the essay’s thesis or argument

To effectively use definition quotes, they must be connected to the essay’s thesis or argument. The analysis should highlight the relationship between the definition quote and the main themes and ideas discussed throughout the essay.

One approach to relating definition quotes to the thesis or argument is to evaluate how the definition aligns with or challenges the main claims being made. Does it provide evidence that supports the thesis statement, or does it present a contrasting perspective that needs to be addressed and refuted? By linking definition quotes to the essay’s central argument, the writer can reinforce their position and strengthen the overall impact of the essay.

Additionally, it is important to consider the tone and language used in the definition quote. Does it reflect the tone of the essay? Is it consistent with the writer’s voice and style? Integrating a definition quote seamlessly into the essay’s text will enhance its clarity and engage the reader.

In conclusion, analyzing and interpreting definition quotes is pivotal to their effective use in an essay. By providing analysis, the writer can demonstrate the relevance and significance of the quote, connecting it to the broader argument being made. Relating definition quotes to the essay’s thesis or argument further strengthens their impact. By incorporating this analysis, writers can ensure that their definition quotes not only provide clarity and understanding, but also contribute to the overall strength and persuasiveness of their essays.

In conclusion, the proper use of definition quotes is crucial in academic writing to enhance clarity and provide support for arguments. Throughout this article, we have explored various aspects of quoting definitions in an essay and provided expert tips for their proper use.

Recap of the importance of properly using and clarifying definition quotes

Using definition quotes in an essay is important for several reasons. Firstly, definitions serve as a central element in academic writing, helping to provide a clear understanding of key terms and concepts. They also add credibility to arguments by referencing established sources. Properly using and clarifying these quotes ensures that their meaning is effectively conveyed to the reader, reducing ambiguity and promoting a deeper understanding of the topic.

Final tips for effectively quoting definitions in an essay

To ensure proper use and clarity when quoting definitions, it is essential to follow these final tips. Firstly, evaluate the reliability of your sources and choose reputable ones to support your arguments. Additionally, consider the preferred citation style for your essay, whether it be APA, MLA, or another format, and adhere to it when citing definition quotes. Maintaining clarity in definition quotes means avoiding ambiguity and providing adequate context within the essay to help readers understand the intended meaning.

Moreover, it is crucial to strike a balance between the length of definition quotes. While some quotes may require lengthier explanations, others can be kept brief, ensuring clarity and conciseness in the essay. If alterations need to be made to the definition quotes, use ellipses or brackets while preserving the original meaning. Finally, analyze and interpret the quoted definitions, relating them back to the essay’s thesis or argument to strengthen and validate your points.

By following these expert tips on how to quote definitions in an essay, writers can effectively enhance the quality and clarity of their academic work. Mastering the proper use and citation of definition quotes will not only impress professors and readers but also strengthen the overall argument and demonstrate a comprehensive understanding of the topic at hand.

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Table of Contents

Collaboration, information literacy, writing process, inserting or altering words in a direct quotation.

• CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 by Nancy Lewis

What punctuation should be used when words are inserted or altered in a direct quotation?

When writers insert or alter words in a direct quotation, square brackets—[ ]—are placed around the change. The brackets, always used in pairs, enclose words intended to clarify meaning, provide a brief explanation, or to help integrate the quote into the writer’s sentence.  A common error writers make is to use parentheses in place of brackets.

How are square brackets used around clarifying or explanatory words?

Let’s look at an example:

Quotation with brackets used correctly around a clarifying word:

“It [driving] imposes a heavy procedural workload on cognition that . . . leaves little processing capacity available for other tasks” (Salvucci and Taatgen 107). [1]

Note : Brackets are placed around the inserted word in this example to let the reader know that ‘driving’ clarifies the meaning of the pronoun ‘it.’

Quotation with parentheses incorrectly used in place of brackets:

“It (driving) imposes a heavy procedural workload on cognition that . . . leaves little processing capacity available for other tasks” (Salvucci and Taatgen 107).

Note : Parentheses are used incorrectly in place of brackets in this example, making the inserted word look like it could be part of the original text.

Let’s look at another example:

Quotation with brackets used correctly around an explanatory insert:

“[D]riving is not as automatic as one might think; in fact, it imposes a heavy procedural workload [visual and motor demands] on cognition that . . . leaves little processing capacity available for other tasks” (Salvucci and Taatgen 107).

Note : Brackets are placed around the inserted words in this example to provide further explanation of the “procedural workload” discussed in the original text.

“[D]riving is not as automatic as one might think; in fact, it imposes a heavy procedural workload (visual and motor demands) on cognition that . . . leaves little processing capacity available for other tasks” (Salvucci and Taatgen 107).

Note : Parentheses are used incorrectly in place of brackets in this example, making the inserted words look like they are part of the original text.

How are square brackets used to help integrate a quote properly?

Original direct quotation beginning with an upper case letter:

“The heavy cognitive workload of driving suggests that any secondary task has the potential to affect driver behavior” (Salvucci and Taatgen 108).

Integrated quotation with brackets used correctly to indicate a change in letter case:

Salvucci and Taatgen propose that “[t]he heavy cognitive workload of driving suggests that any secondary task has the potential to affect driver behavior” (108).

Note : Brackets are placed around the lower-case letter ‘t’ to indicate that the letter case has been changed. The quotation is introduced by a signal phrase, which makes the quote an integral part of the writer’s sentence; as a result of this syntactical change, the upper case ‘T’ in the original is changed to a lower case letter.

Original direct quotation written in the past tense:

“Not coincidentally, drivers have been increasingly engaging in secondary tasks while driving” (Salvucci and Taatgen 68).

Note : The authors’ words appear in the past tense in the original text.

Quotation with brackets used correctly to indicate a change in verb tense:

“Not coincidentally, drivers [are] increasingly engaging in secondary tasks while driving” (Salvucci and Taatgen 68).

Note : Brackets are placed around the word ‘are’ to indicate that the verb has been changed to the present tense, which is the preferred tense for most writing in MLA style. The past tense is preferred for APA style writing. 

A word of caution : Bracketed insertions may not be used to alter or add to the quotation in a way that inaccurately or unfairly represents the original text. Quite simply, do not use bracketed material in a way that twists the author’s meaning.

Bracket Use: Quick Summary

[1] Salvucci, Dario D., and Niels A. Taatgen. Multitasking Minds . Oxford: Oxford UP, 2011. eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) . Web. 20 Feb. 2012.

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50 positive life quotes to inspire, and lift your spirit each day

" Life's a climb. But the view is great ." There are times when things seemingly go to plan, and there are other moments when nothing works out.

During those instances, you might feel lost. But words of encouragement can help. Certain quotes can inspire and remind you to live life to the fullest and persevere through whatever challenges come your way.

If you're looking for more, here is a list of quotes about life throughout the decades:

50 quotes about life

• "You will face many defeats in life, but never let yourself be defeated." – Maya Angelou , "And Still I Rise"
• "In three words I can sum up everything I've learned about life: It goes on." –  Robert Frost
• "Life is a long lesson in humility." – J.M. Barrie , "The Little Minister"
• "To live is the rarest thing in the world. Most people exist, that is all." – Oscar Wilde
• "The most important thing is to enjoy your life–to be happy–it's all that matters." – Audrey Hepburn
• "To succeed in life, you need three things: a wishbone, a backbone and a funnybone." – Reba McEntire
• "We must be willing to let go of the life we planned so as to have the life that is waiting for us." – Joseph Campbell
• "Life is a succession of lessons which must be lived to be understood." – Ralph Waldo Emerson
• "Love the life you live. Live the life you love." – Bob Marley
• "I was taught that the way of progress was neither swift nor easy." – Marie Curie
• "He who has a why to live for can bear almost any how." –  Friedrich Nietzsche
• "You only live once, but if you do it right, once is enough." – Mae West
• "The whole secret of a successful life is to find out what is one's destiny to do, and then do it." – Henry Ford
• "In order to write about life first you must live it." – Ernest Hemingway
• "Life has no limitations, except the ones you make." – Les Brown
• "It's your outlook on life that counts. If you take yourself lightly and don't take yourself too seriously, pretty soon you can find the humor in our everyday lives. And sometimes it can be a lifesaver." – Betty White
• "Live for each second without hesitation." – Elton John
• "The most wasted of all days is one without laughter." – E. E. Cummings
• "Start each day with a positive thought and a grateful heart." – Roy Bennett
• "All you need in this life is ignorance and confidence; then success is sure." – Mark Twain
• "I believe that if you'll just stand up and go, life will open up for you. Something just motivates you to keep moving." – Tina Turner
• "Many of life's failures are people who did not realize how close they were to success when they gave up." – Thomas Edison
• "I have very strong feelings about how you lead your life. You always look ahead, you never look back." – Ann Richards
• "Life is like riding a bicycle. To keep your balance, you must keep moving." – Albert Einstein
• "Life shrinks or expands in proportion to one's courage." – Anais Nin
• "You do not find the happy life. You make it." – Camilla Eyring Kimball
• "A life is not important except in the impact it has on other lives." – Jackie Robinson
• "The purpose of life is to live it, to taste experience to the utmost, to reach out eagerly and without fear for newer and richer experience." – Eleanor Roosevelt
• "The biggest adventure you can ever take is to live the life of your dreams." – Oprah Winfrey
• "If you own this story you get to write the ending." – Brené Brown
• "Life is like a coin. You can spend it any way you wish, but you only spend it once." – Lillian Dickinson
• "Life is about making an impact, not making an income." – Kevin Kruse
• "There are no regrets in life, just lessons." – Jennifer Aniston
• "Accept no one's definition of your life, define yourself." – Harvey Fierstein
• "The longer I live the more beautiful life becomes." – Frank Lloyd Wright
• "If you love life, don't waste time, for time is what life is made up of." – Bruce Lee
• "Mistakes are a fact of life. It is the response to the error that counts." – Nikki Giovanni
• "Life is not a problem to be solved, but a reality to be experienced." – Soren Kierkegaard
• "Your time is limited, so don't waste it living someone else's life." – Steve Jobs
• "If everything was perfect, you would never learn and you would never grow." – Beyoncé
• "If we don't change, we don't grow. If we don't grow, we aren't really living." – Gail Sheehy
• "I have learned that success is to be measured not so much by the position that one has reached in life as by the obstacles which he has overcome while trying to succeed." – Booker T. Washington
• "Life doesn't have to be perfect to be wonderful." – Annette Funicello
• "The big lesson in life, baby, is never be scared of anyone or anything." – Frank Sinatra
• "I think I've discovered the secret of life – you just hang around until you get used to it." – Charles Schulz
• "Life is very interesting... in the end, some of your greatest pains, become your greatest strengths." – Drew Barrymore
• "Challenges are what make life interesting and overcoming them is what makes life meaningful." – Joshua J. Marine
• "Make it a rule of life never to regret and never to look back. Regret is an appalling waste of energy; you can't build on it; it's only good for wallowing in." – Katherine Mansfield
• "The most important trip you may take in life is meeting people halfway." – Henry Boye
• "Life isn't about finding yourself. Life is about creating yourself." – George Bernard Shaw

Inspirational quotes: 50 motivational motivational words to brighten your day.

Just Curious for more? We've got you covered

USA TODAY is exploring the questions you and others ask every day. From " What is the rarest blood type? " to " Who was the oldest Golden Girl? " to " What state has the lowest population? " – we're striving to find answers to the most common questions you ask every day. Head to our  Just Curious section  to see what else we can answer.

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• Knowledge Base
• Citing sources

How to Cite Sources | Citation Generator & Quick Guide

Citing your sources is essential in  academic writing . Whenever you quote or paraphrase a source (such as a book, article, or webpage), you have to include a  citation crediting the original author.

Failing to properly cite your sources counts as plagiarism , since you’re presenting someone else’s ideas as if they were your own.

The most commonly used citation styles are APA and MLA. The free Scribbr Citation Generator is the quickest way to cite sources in these styles. Simply enter the URL, DOI, or title, and we’ll generate an accurate, correctly formatted citation.

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Table of contents

When do you need to cite sources, which citation style should you use, in-text citations, reference lists and bibliographies.

Scribbr Citation Generator

Other useful citation tools

Citation examples and full guides, frequently asked questions about citing sources.

Citations are required in all types of academic texts. They are needed for several reasons:

• To avoid plagiarism by indicating when you’re taking information from another source
• To give proper credit to the author of that source
• To allow the reader to consult your sources for themselves

A citation is needed whenever you integrate a source into your writing. This usually means quoting or paraphrasing:

• To quote a source , copy a short piece of text word for word and put it inside quotation marks .
• To paraphrase a source , put the text into your own words. It’s important that the paraphrase is not too close to the original wording. You can use the paraphrasing tool if you don’t want to do this manually.

Citations are needed whether you quote or paraphrase, and whatever type of source you use. As well as citing scholarly sources like books and journal articles, don’t forget to include citations for any other sources you use for ideas, examples, or evidence. That includes websites, YouTube videos , and lectures .

Scribbr Citation Checker New

The AI-powered Citation Checker helps you avoid common mistakes such as:

• Missing commas and periods
• Incorrect usage of “et al.”
• Ampersands (&) in narrative citations
• Missing reference entries

Usually, your institution (or the journal you’re submitting to) will require you to follow a specific citation style, so check your guidelines or ask your instructor.

In some cases, you may have to choose a citation style for yourself. Make sure to pick one style and use it consistently:

• APA Style is widely used in the social sciences and beyond.
• MLA style is common in the humanities.
• Chicago notes and bibliography , common in the humanities
• Chicago author-date , used in the (social) sciences
• There are many other citation styles for different disciplines.

If in doubt, check with your instructor or read other papers from your field of study to see what style they follow.

In most styles, your citations consist of:

• Brief in-text citations at the relevant points in the text
• A reference list or bibliography containing full information on all the sources you’ve cited

In-text citations most commonly take the form of parenthetical citations featuring the last name of the source’s author and its year of publication (aka author-date citations).

An alternative to this type of in-text citation is the system used in numerical citation styles , where a number is inserted into the text, corresponding to an entry in a numbered reference list.

There are also note citation styles , where you place your citations in either footnotes or endnotes . Since they’re not embedded in the text itself, these citations can provide more detail and sometimes aren’t accompanied by a full reference list or bibliography.

A reference list (aka “Bibliography” or “Works Cited,” depending on the style) is where you provide full information on each of the sources you’ve cited in the text. It appears at the end of your paper, usually with a hanging indent applied to each entry.

The information included in reference entries is broadly similar, whatever citation style you’re using. For each source, you’ll typically include the:

• Author name
• Publication date
• Container (e.g., the book an essay was published in, the journal an article appeared in)
• Location (e.g., a URL or DOI , or sometimes a physical location)

The exact information included varies depending on the source type and the citation style. The order in which the information appears, and how you format it (e.g., capitalization, use of italics) also varies.

Most commonly, the entries in your reference list are alphabetized by author name. This allows the reader to easily find the relevant entry based on the author name in your in-text citation.

In numerical citation styles, the entries in your reference list are numbered, usually based on the order in which you cite them. The reader finds the right entry based on the number that appears in the text.

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Because each style has many small differences regarding things like italicization, capitalization , and punctuation , it can be difficult to get every detail right. Using a citation generator can save you a lot of time and effort.

Scribbr offers citation generators for both APA and MLA style. Both are quick, easy to use, and 100% free, with no ads and no registration required.

Just input a URL or DOI or add the source details manually, and the generator will automatically produce an in-text citation and reference entry in the correct format. You can save your reference list as you go and download it when you’re done, and even add annotations for an annotated bibliography .

Once you’ve prepared your citations, you might still be unsure if they’re correct and if you’ve used them appropriately in your text. This is where Scribbr’s other citation tools and services may come in handy:

Plagiarism Checker

Citation Checker

Citation Editing

Plagiarism means passing off someone else’s words or ideas as your own. It’s a serious offense in academia. Universities use plagiarism checking software to scan your paper and identify any similarities to other texts.

When you’re dealing with a lot of sources, it’s easy to make mistakes that could constitute accidental plagiarism. For example, you might forget to add a citation after a quote, or paraphrase a source in a way that’s too close to the original text.

Using a plagiarism checker yourself before you submit your work can help you spot these mistakes before they get you in trouble. Based on the results, you can add any missing citations and rephrase your text where necessary.

Try out the Scribbr Plagiarism Checker for free, or check out our detailed comparison of the best plagiarism checkers available online.

Scribbr Plagiarism Checker

Scribbr’s Citation Checker is a unique AI-powered tool that automatically detects stylistic errors and inconsistencies in your in-text citations. It also suggests a correction for every mistake.

Currently available for APA Style, this is the fastest and easiest way to make sure you’ve formatted your citations correctly. You can try out the tool for free below.

If you need extra help with your reference list, we also offer a more in-depth Citation Editing Service.

Our experts cross-check your in-text citations and reference entries, make sure you’ve included the correct information for each source, and improve the formatting of your reference page.

If you want to handle your citations yourself, Scribbr’s free Knowledge Base provides clear, accurate guidance on every aspect of citation. You can see citation examples for a variety of common source types below:

And you can check out our comprehensive guides to the most popular citation styles:

At college level, you must properly cite your sources in all essays , research papers , and other academic texts (except exams and in-class exercises).

Add a citation whenever you quote , paraphrase , or summarize information or ideas from a source. You should also give full source details in a bibliography or reference list at the end of your text.

The exact format of your citations depends on which citation style you are instructed to use. The most common styles are APA , MLA , and Chicago .

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Our Trump reporting upsets some readers, but there aren’t two sides to facts: Letter from the Editor

• Updated: Apr. 06, 2024, 10:27 a.m. |
• Published: Mar. 30, 2024, 8:16 a.m.

Some readers complain that we have different standards involving Donald Trump and Joe Biden. (AP Photo, File) AP

• Chris Quinn, Editor, cleveland.com/The Plain Dealer

A more-than-occasional arrival in the email these days is a question expressed two ways, one with dripping condescension and the other with courtesy:

Why don’t our opinion platforms treat Donald Trump and other politicians exactly the same way. Some phrase it differently, asking why we demean the former president’s supporters in describing his behavior as monstrous, insurrectionist and authoritarian.

I feel for those who write. They believe in Trump and want their local news source to recognize what they see in him.

The angry writers denounce me for ignoring what they call the Biden family crime syndicate and criminality far beyond that of Trump. They quote news sources of no credibility as proof the mainstream media ignores evidence that Biden, not Trump, is the criminal dictator.

The courteous writers don’t go down that road. They politely ask how we can discount the passions and beliefs of the many people who believe in Trump.

Chris Quinn's recent Letters from the Editor

• Around the globe and the nation, thousands thank us for telling the truth about Trump: Letter from the Editor
• Voices of hope. Voices of anxiety. Tears of gratitude. A global response to how we tell the truth about Donald Trump
• Let’s hang it up on polling. In election after election, they get it wrong: Letter from the Editor

This is a tough column to write, because I don’t want to demean or insult those who write me in good faith. I’ve started it a half dozen times since November but turned to other topics each time because this needle is hard to thread. No matter how I present it, I’ll offend some thoughtful, decent people.

The north star here is truth. We tell the truth, even when it offends some of the people who pay us for information.

The truth is that Donald Trump undermined faith in our elections in his false bid to retain the presidency. He sparked an insurrection intended to overthrow our government and keep himself in power. No president in our history has done worse.

This is not subjective. We all saw it. Plenty of leaders today try to convince the masses we did not see what we saw, but our eyes don’t deceive. (If leaders began a yearslong campaign today to convince us that the Baltimore bridge did not collapse Tuesday morning, would you ever believe them?) Trust your eyes. Trump on Jan. 6 launched the most serious threat to our system of government since the Civil War. You know that. You saw it.

The facts involving Trump are crystal clear, and as news people, we cannot pretend otherwise, as unpopular as that might be with a segment of our readers. There aren’t two sides to facts. People who say the earth is flat don’t get space on our platforms. If that offends them, so be it.

As for those who equate Trump and Joe Biden, that’s false equivalency. Biden has done nothing remotely close to the egregious, anti-American acts of Trump. We can debate the success and mindset of our current president, as we have about most presidents in our lifetimes, but Biden was never a threat to our democracy. Trump is. He is unique among all American presidents for his efforts to keep power at any cost.

Personally, I find it hard to understand how Americans who take pride in our system of government support Trump. All those soldiers who died in World War II were fighting against the kind of regime Trump wants to create on our soil. How do they not see it?

The March 25 edition of the New Yorker magazine offers some insight. It includes a detailed review of a new book about Adolf Hitler, focused on the year 1932. It’s called “Takeover: Hitler’s Final Rise to Power” and is by historian Timothy W. Ryback. It explains how German leaders – including some in the media -- thought they could use Hitler as a means to get power for themselves and were willing to look past his obvious deficiencies to get where they wanted. In tolerating and using Hitler as a means to an end, they helped create the monstrous dictator responsible for millions of deaths.

How are those German leaders different from people in Congress saying the election was stolen or that Jan. 6 was not an insurrection aimed at destroying our government? They know the truth, but they deny it. They see Trump as a means to an end – power for themselves and their “team” – even if it means repeatedly telling lies.

Sadly, many believe the lies. They trust people in authority, without questioning the obvious discrepancies or relying on their own eyes. These are the people who take offense to the truths we tell about Trump. No one in our newsroom gets up in the morning wanting to make a segment of readers feel bad. No one seeks to demean anyone. We understand what a privilege it is to be welcomed into the lives of the millions of people who visit our platforms each month for news, sports and entertainment. But our duty is to the truth.

Our nation does seem to be slipping down the same slide that Germany did in the 1930s. Maybe the collapse of government in the hands of a madman is inevitable, given how the media landscape has been corrupted by partisans, as it was in 1930s Germany.

I hope not.

In our newsroom, we’ll do our part. Much as it offends some who read us, we will continue to tell the truth about Trump.

I’m at mailto:[email protected]

Thanks for reading.

( Note: A follow-up column about the overwhelming international response to this piece can be found here , and a sampling of the responses can be found here .)

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